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An illustrated guide to:Distributed and integrated fibreoptic sensing in seismology

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Earthquake Science 2025年第1期38卷 67-77页

作者： Andreas Fichtner Fabian Walter Patrick Paitz sara Klaasen Daniel C.Bowden Sebastian Noe Nils müller Dominik Husmann Jacques morel Department of Earth Sciences ETH ZürichZürich 8049Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape ResearchBirmensdorf 8903Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of metrology METAS Bern 3003Switzerland

The properties of laser signals are affected by deformation of the optical fibre through which they are *** this deformation dependence is undesirable in telecommunication,it can be exploited for the construction of novel seismic sensors that fill a niche in data acquisition where traditional seismometer arrays would be difficult to *** includes densely populated urban centers,the oceans,volcanoes and the Earth’s polar *** notes complement a presentation on recent methodological developments and applications in fibre-optic *** first part is focused on the use of distributed fibreoptic sensing in cryosphere research,and specifically the investigation of the internal structure and seismicity of glaciers and ice *** second part is dedicated to recent advances in integrated fibre-optic sensing,with emphasis on novel measurement principles and sensitivity.

关键词： seismology fibre-optics cryosphere earthquakes

The Association between Researchers’Conceptions of Research and Their Strategic Research Agendas

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2020年第4期5卷 56-74页

作者： João m.santos Hugo Horta Instituto Universitário de Lisboa(ISCTE-IUL) Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social(CIS-IUL)LisbonPortugal Social Contexts and Policies of Education Faculty of EducationThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Purpose:In studies of the research process,the association between how researchers conceptualize research and their strategic research agendas has been largely *** study aims to address this ***/methodology/approach:This study analyzes this relationship using a dataset of more than 8,500 researchers across all scientific fields and the *** studies the associations between the dimensions of two inventories:the Conceptions of Research Inventory(CoRI)and the multi-Dimensional Research Agenda Inventory—Revised(mDRAI-R).Findings:The findings show a relatively strong association between researchers’conceptions of research and their research *** all conceptions of research are positively related to scientific ambition,the findings are mixed regarding how the dimensions of the two inventories relate to one another,which is significant for those seeking to understand the knowledge production process *** limitations:The study relies on self-reported data,which always carries a risk of response *** implications:The findings provide a greater understanding of the inner workings of knowledge processes and indicate that the two inventories,whether used individually or in combination,may provide complementary analytical perspectives to research performance *** may thus offer important insights for managers of research environments regarding how to assess the research culture,beliefs,and conceptualizations of individual researchers and research teams when designing strategies to promote specific institutional research focuses and ***/value:To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first study to associate research agendas and conceptions of *** is based on a large sample of researchers working worldwide and in all fields of knowledge,which ensures that the findings have a reasonable degree of generalizability to the global population of researchers.

关键词： Conception of research Research agendas Researchers’beliefs Research strategy Views of research Research processes

Incorporation of phenolic extracts from different by-products in yoghurts to create fortified and sustainable foods

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Food Bioscience 2023年第1期51卷 816-826页

作者： sara m.Ferreira Lúcia santos LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering EnvironmentBiotechnology and EnergyFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465PortoPortugal ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465PortoPortugal

This work aimed to study and compare the effect of the incorporation of agro-industrial by-products(chestnut shell,grapeseed,and pomegranate peel)into yoghurts to fortify them while assessing their potential to replace synthetic *** each by-product,phenolic extracts were obtained and *** extracts demonstrated antioxidant and antibacterial properties,and the capacity to inhibitα-*** shell extract stood out regarding antioxidant capacity,displaying values of 1128 and 972 mgT_(rolox•gextract)^(-1),for the assays with DPPH and ABTS,*** yoghurts were produced(negative control,positive control with 0.1%of sorbic acid,two for each extract with 0.1%and 0.2%of extract,a mixture of extracts and a mixture of extracts with sorbic acid),and stored at 4℃.The incorporation of the extracts into the yoghurts maintained their physical-chemical properties and microbiological *** samples inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus *** analysis proved that higher concentrations of extract had similar results to synthetic *** results showed the viability to fortify yoghurts with the incorporation of by-product extracts,developing a value-added ***,revealed the possibility of these extracts replacing synthetic preservatives and antioxidants.

关键词： Antioxidants By-products Sustainability Circular economy Fortified foods Yoghurts Preservatives

Test-Retest Reliability of Functional magnetic Resonance Imaging Activation for a Vergence Eye movement Task

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第5期36卷 506-518页

作者： Cristian morales Suril Gohel Xiaobo Li mitchell Scheiman Bharat B.Biswal Elio m.santos Chang Yaramothu Tara L.Alvarez Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA Pennsylvania College of Optometry Salus UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19027USA Department of Health Informatics Rutgers University School of Health ProfessionsNewarkNJ 07107USA

Vergence eye movements are the inward and outward rotation of the eyes responsible for binocular *** studies have mapped and investigated the neural substrates of vergence,it is not well understood whether vergence eye movements evoke the blood oxygen level-dependent signal reliably in separate experimental *** test-retest reliability of stimulus-induced vergence eye movement tasks during a functional magnetic resonance imaging(fmRI)experiment is important for future randomized clinical trials(RCTs).In this study,we established region of interest(ROI)masks for the vergence neural ***-seven binocularly normal young adults participated in two functional imaging sessions measured on different days on the same 3 T Siemens *** fmRI experiments used a block design of sustained visual fixation and rest blocks interleaved between task blocks that stimulated eight or four vergence eye *** test-retest reliability of task-activation was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC),and that of spatial extent was assessed using the Dice *** activation during the vergence eye movement task of eight movements compared to rest was repeatable within the primary visual cortex(ICC=0.8),parietal eye fields(ICC=0.6),supplementary eye field(ICC=0.5),frontal eye fields(ICC=0.5),and oculomotor vermis(ICC=0.6).The results demonstrate significant test-retest reliability in the ROIs of the vergence neural substrates for functional activation magnitude and spatial extent using the stimulus protocol of a task block stimulating eight vergence eye movements compared to sustained *** ROIs can be used in future longitudinal RCTs to study patient populations with vergence dysfunctions.

关键词： Vergence eye movement Test-retest reliability Functional mRI Vergence region of interest masks

Sticky-mARTINI as a reactive coarse-grained model for molecular dynamics simulations of silica polymerization

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 467-479页

作者： AndréP.Carvalho Sérgio m.santos Germán Pérez-Sánchez JoséD.Gouveia JoséR.B.Gomes miguel Jorge CICECO-Aveiro Institute of materials Department of ChemistryUniversity of AveiroCampus Universitário de Santiago3810-193AveiroPortugal Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Strathclyde75 Montrose StreetGlasgowG11XJUK

We report a molecular modeling paradigm to describe silica polymerization reactions in aqueous solutions at conditions that are representative of realistic experimental processes like biosilicification or porous silica synthesis–*** close to ambient temperatures and over a wide range of *** key point is to describe the Si-O-Si chemical bond formation and breakage processes through a continuous potential with a balance between attractive and repulsive interactions between suitably placed virtual sites and sticky *** simplicity of the model,its applicability in standard parallelized molecular dynamics codes,and its compatibility with the widely used mARTINI coarse-grained force-field allows for the study of systems containing millions of atoms over microsecond time *** model is calibrated to match experimental results for the temporal evolution of silica polymerization in aqueous solution close to the isoelectric point,and can describe silica polymerization and self-assembly processes during encapsulation of a surfactant micelle.

关键词： silica polymerization dynamics

ROC Analysis in Radiotherapy:A TCP model-Based Test

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2013年第2期3卷 186-193页

作者： mairon m.santos Ubiraci P.C.Neves Department of Physics-FFCLRP University of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoBrazil

Several mathematical models have been proposed to describe the dynamics of irradiated cancer cells and to evaluate the tumour control probability (TCP). In this article, we propose a TCP model-based statistical test for predicting the outcome of a radiation treatment. We determine the foresight capability of prostate tumour erradication (cure) from monte Carlo simulations of the Dawson-Hillen TCP model. We construct the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the test from the probability distributions of the fraction of remaining tumour cells for simulated experiments that evolve either to cure or non-cure. Simulations show that a similar procedure may be applicable to clinical data. Results suggest that the evaluation of tumour sizes after the treatment has started may be used for short-term prognosis.

关键词： Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy Tumour Control Probability Hypothesis Test ROC Curve Dawson-Hillen model monte Carlo Simulation

Soil and climate equally contribute to changes in the species compositions of Brazilian dry forests across 300 km

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第2期13卷 171-176页

作者： Daniel m.Arruda Luiz F.S.magnago Ricardo R.C.Solar Reinaldo Duque-Brasil Priscyla m.S.Rodrigues Rubens m.santos Carlos E.G.R.Schaefer Instituto de Geociências Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrazil Centro de Formação em Ciências e Tecnologias Agroflorestais Universidade Federal do Sul da BahiaItabunaBahiaBrazil Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrazil Instituto de Ciências da Vida Universidade Federal de Juiz de ForaGovernador ValadaresMinas GeraisBrazil Colegiado de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Vale do São FranciscoSenhor do BonfimBahiaBrazil Departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade Federal de LavrasLavrasMinas GeraisBrazil Departamento de Solos Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMinas GeraisBrazil

Aims Understanding the factors that control biodiversity distributions at different spatial scales has been a key challenge for conservation *** biodiversity,reflected in differences in species compositions among sites(beta diversity),can be derived from species replacement(turnover)and is driven by multiple ***,we sought to tackle this issue through two questions related to threatened Brazilian seasonally dry forests:(i)what is the contribution of species turnover to beta diversity?and(ii)which factors drive variations in species compositions among forest patches?methods We sampled tree species and environmental variables(soils and climate)in 17 dry forest patches spaced almost 300 km *** used the beta diversity partitioning framework to determine the contribution of *** used redundancy analysis,with properly controlled spatial structure,to assess the contributions of the environmental and spatial factors to the variations of the species *** Findings Beta diversity among the patches was mainly represented by the turnover component(98.2%),with Simpson dissimilarity superior to other regions of the country(means of 0.89 and 0.71 in multiple site and pairwise measures,respectively).The environmental factors measured explained more than space,representing 30.3%of the variation of the species composition,of which 28.1%was nonspatially *** suggest that 300 km represents a threshold at which edaphic and climatic predictors have similar effects in determining community turnover(14.9%and 12.6%,respectively,without spatial structure).Thus,conservation strategies should be considered across landscapes to effectively protect tropical forest diversity,as even considering the different climatic aspects covered by the scale,landscaped edaphic varieties are important drivers of species turnover.

关键词： beta diversity environmental filter habitat fragmentation landscape structure phytogeography

Fluorescent probes for the detection of reactive oxygen species in human spermatozoa

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第5期22卷 465-471页

作者： sara Escada-Rebelo Francisca G mora Ana P Sousa Teresa Almeida-santos Artur Paiva Joao Ramalho-santos phD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbra 3004-504Portugal Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbra 3004-504Portugal IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research Casa Costa AlemaoUniversity of CoimbraCoimbra 3030-789Portugal Reproductive medicine Unit University Hospitals of CoimbraCoimbra 3004-561Portugal Faculty of medicine University of CoimbraCoimbra 3000-370Portugal Clinical Pathology Unit University Hospitals of CoimbraCoimbra 3004-561Portugal Department of Life Sciences University of CoimbraCoimbra 3000-456Portugal

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)production is a by-product of mitochondrial activity and is necessary for the acquisition of the capacitated state,a requirement for functional ***,an increase in oxidative stress,due to an abnormal production of ROS,has been shown to be related to loss of sperm function,highlighting the importance of an accurate detection of sperm ROS,given the specific nature of this *** this work,we tested a variety of commercially available fluorescent probes to detect ROS and reactive nitrogen species(RNS)in human sperm,to define their *** both flow cytometry(FC)and fluorescence microscopy(Fm),we confirmed that mitoSOX™Red and dihydroethidium(DHE)detect superoxide anion(as determined using antimycin A as a positive control),while DAF-2A detects reactive nitrogen species(namely,nitric oxide).For the first time,we also report that RedoxSensor™Red CC-1,CellROX®Orange Reagent,and mitoPYl seem to be mostly sensitive to hydrogen peroxide,but not ***,mean fluorescence intensity(and not percentage of labeled cells)is the main parameter that can be reproducibly monitored using this type of methodology.

关键词： flow cytometry fluorescent probes human spermatozoa oxidative stress reactive oxygen species

Tree succession across a seasonally dry tropical forest and forest-savanna ecotone in northern minas Gerais,Brazil

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 859-868页

作者： Polyanne A.Coelho Paola Ferreira santos Eduardo de Paiva Paula Deborah m.G.Apgaua Bruno Gini madeira Gisele Cristina de Oliveira menino Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes Rubens m.santos David Y.P.Tng Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasC.P.3037CEP 37200-000LavrasMinas GeraisBrazil Department of General Biology State University of Montes ClarosC.P.126CEP 39401-089Montes ClarosMinas GeraisBrazil Instituto Federal Goiano C.P.66CEP 75901-970Rio VerdeGoiâniaBrazil Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences College of Marine and Environmental SciencesJames Cook University14-88 McGregor RdSmithfield QLD 4878CairnsQueenslandAustralia

Aims Understanding succession in tropical forest is an important aspect of vegetation science,but to date,successional processes in sea-sonally dry tropical forests(SDtFs)have received much less atten-tion than evergreen humid tropical *** aim to fill this knowledge *** We investigated vegetation succession in SDtF areas consisting of three different successional stages(early,intermediate,late),and a SDtF-savanna ecotone in the municipal district of Juramento,north of minas Gerais State,*** twelve 400 m2 plots in each area,we compared vegetation parameters and structural variables(absolute density and basal area)and examined the floristic composition of the tree component to find gradients of *** Findings We found evidence of species turnover along a successional gradi-ent,with the intermediate stage showing the highest species rich-ness and *** was accompanied with a significant increase in the number of tree individuals and basal area from the early to intermediate successional ***,the intermediate and late SDtF successional stages were more similar in structure and *** ecotone was the most species rich and was similar to the intermediate SDtF and early successional stage in species richness and floristic composition *** results will have implications for guiding SDtF management and recovery programs.

关键词： caatinga floristic Similarity ecotone forest succession resilience.