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Does local vaginal estrogen after tension-free transobturator vaginal tape reduce overactive bladder symptoms in postmenopausal women? A prospective randomized, controlled study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 86-92页

作者： Samer Mahmoud Morsy Dalia Farouk sara hassan Ahmed Yehia Abdelaziz Hussein Aly Hussein Urology Department Kasr Al Ainy HospitalCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Kasr Al Ainy HospitalCairo UniversityCairoEgypt

Objective:We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical estrogen after transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of de novo overactive bladder symptoms that appear after surgery.Methods:This is a prospective randomized controlled study performed in the Urology and Gynecology Departments,Kasr Al Ainy Hospital,Cairo University,Cairo,Egypt.Two hundred and ten postmenopausal females presenting during the period between January 2017 and November 2020 with stress urinary incontinence were included in the study.Patients were divided into two groups,105 patients in Group A(treatment group)and 105 patients in Group B(control group).Patients in Group A underwent transvaginal TVT-O followed by local vaginal estrogen treatment for 6 months,while patients in Group B underwent transvaginal TVT-O only.The study included any postmenopausal female with urodynamic stress urinary incontinence.All patients had to fulfill a 3-day bladder diary,overactive bladder symptoms score,urine analysis,urodynamic study,and post-voiding residual urine measurement by abdominal ultrasound preoperatively and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups.Results:At 6-month follow-up,daytime frequency was reduced to 8%in Group A(increased to 21%in Group B)with a statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.009).At 6-month follow-up,nocturia was 8%in Group A(11%in Group B)with no statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.469).There was a statistically significant difference between both groups as regards to urinary urgency at 6-month follow-up(p=0.024).There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative wound healing events as regards to cure,hyperemia,gapping,and wound infection 1 week after intervention between both groups(p=0.008).No local or systemic side-effects were reported from local estrogen use.Conclusion:Local vaginal estrogen treatment given to postmenopausal patients after midurethral sling procedures can reduce the symptoms of daytime frequency and urinary urgency.Long-ter

关键词： Stressurinary incontinence Estrogen Midurethral sling Overactive bladder symptom

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Advancements in Barrett's esophagus detection:The role of artificial intelligence and its implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1494-1496页

作者： sara Massironi Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Department of Medicine and SurgeryFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy

Artificial intelligence(AI)is making significant strides in revolutionizing the detection of Barrett's esophagus(BE),a precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma.In the research article by Tsai et al,researchers utilized endoscopic images to train an AI model,challenging the traditional distinction between endoscopic and histological BE.This approach yielded remarkable results,with the AI system achieving an accuracy of 94.37%,sensitivity of 94.29%,and specificity of 94.44%.The study's extensive dataset enhances the AI model's practicality,offering valuable support to endoscopists by minimizing unnecessary biopsies.However,questions about the applicability to different endoscopic systems remain.The study underscores the potential of AI in BE detection while highlighting the need for further research to assess its adaptability to diverse clinical settings.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Artificial intelligence Endoscopic images Artificial intelligence model Early cancer detection Endoscopy

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Solid-state impedance spectroscopy studies of dielectric properties and relaxation processes in Na_(2)O–V_(2)O_(5)–Nb_(2)O_(5)–P_(2)O_(5) glass

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 186-196页

作者： sara Marijan Luka Pavic Division of Materials Chemistry Ruđer Boskovic InstituteBijenicka 54HR-10000 ZagrebCroatia

Solid-state impedance spectroscopy(SS-IS)was used to investigate the influence of structural modifications resulting from the addition of Nb2O5 on the dielectric properties and relaxation processes in the quaternary mixed glass former(MGF)system 35Na_(2)O–10V_(2)O_(5)–(55-x)P_(2)O_(5)–xNb_(2)O_(5)(x=0–40,mol%).The dielectric parameters,including the dielectric strength and dielectric loss,are determined from the frequency and temperature-dependent complex permittivity data,revealing a significant dependence on the Nb2O5 content.The transition from a predominantly phosphate glass network(x<10,region I)to a mixed niobate–phosphate glass net-work(10≤x≤20,region II)leads to an increase in the dielectric parameters,which correlates with the observed trend in the direct-cur-rent(DC)conductivity.In the predominantly niobate network(x≥25,region III),the highly polarizable nature of Nb5+ions leads to a fur-ther increase in the dielectric permittivity and dielectric strength.This is particularly evident in Nb-40 glass-ceramic,which contains Na_(13)Nb_(35)O_(94) crystalline phase with a tungsten bronze structure and exhibits the highest dielectric permittivity of 61.81 and the lowest loss factor of 0.032 at 303 K and 10 kHz.The relaxation studies,analyzed through modulus formalism and complex impedance data,show that DC conductivity and relaxation processes are governed by the same mechanism,attributed to ionic conductivity.In contrast to glasses with a single peak in frequency dependence of imaginary part of electrical modulus,M″(ω),Nb-40 glass-ceramic exhibits two distinct contributions with similar relaxation times.The high-frequency peak indicates bulk ionic conductivity,while the additional low-fre-quency peak is associated with the grain boundary effect,confirmed by the electrical equivalent circuit(EEC)modelling.The scaling characteristics of permittivity and conductivity spectra,along with the electrical modulus,validate time-temperature superposition and demonstrate a strong correlation with composition and modific

关键词： phosphate glasses glass-ceramics impedance spectroscopy dielectric properties relaxation processes permittivity scaling conductivity scaling modulus formalism

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Thermo-Physical Potential of Recycled Banana Fibers for Improving the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Biosourced Gypsum-Based Materials

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 843-867页

作者： Youssef Maaloufa Soumia Mounir sara Ibnelhaj Fatima Zohra El Wardi Asma Souidi Yakubu Aminu Dodo Malika Atigui Mina Amazal Abelhamid Khabbazi hassan Demrati Ahmed Aharoune National School of Architecture Agadir New ComplexIbn Zohr UniversityAgadirMorocco Energy Materials and Sustainable Development(EMDD)Center for WaterNatural ResourcesEnvironment and Sustainable Development(CERNE2D)Mohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco Thermodynamics and Energetics Laboratory Faculty of ScienceIbn Zohr UniversityAgadirMorocco Architectural Engineering Department Najran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia The Centre of Scientific and Engineering Research Najran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Physics Department LPMAT LaboratoryFaculty of Sciences Ain ChockHassan II UniversityCasablancaMorocco

The development of bio-sourced materials is essential to ensuring sustainable construction;it is considered a locomotive of the green economy.Furthermore,it is an abundant material in our country,to which very little attention is being given.This work aims to valorize the waste of the trunks of banana trees to be used in construction.Firstly,the physicochemical properties of the fiber,such as the percentage of crystallization and its morphology,have been determined by X-ray diffraction tests and scanning electron microscopy to confirm the potential and the impact of the mode of drying on the quality of the banana fibers,with the purpose to promote the use of this material in construction.Secondly,the results obtained with the gypsum matrix allowed us to note a preponderant improvement in the composite’s thermal properties thanks to the variation of the banana fiber additive.Thirdly,the impact of the nature of the banana fiber distribution(either fiber mixed in matrix or fiber series model)on the flexural and compressive strengths of the composites was studied.The results obtained indicate that the insulation gain reaches up to 40%.It depends on the volume fraction and type of distribution of the banana fibers.However,the thermal inertia of the composites developed,represented by thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity,was studied.Results indicate a gain of 40%and 25%,respectively,in terms of thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity of the developed composites compared to plaster alone.Concerning the mechanical properties,the flexural strength depends on the percentage of the volume fraction of banana fibers used,and it can reach 20%more than the flexural strength of plaster;nevertheless,there is a significant loss in terms of the compressive strength of the studied composites.The results obtained are confirmed by the microstructure of the fiber banana.In fact,the morphology of the banana fibers was improved by the drying process.It reduces the amorphous area and improves the cellulosic crystalline surfaces,w

关键词： Biosourced materials fiber banana flexural strength mechanical properties open-air drying plaster thermal properties waste management

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Interpreting siliciclastic sedimentation in the upper Paleozoic Mulargia-Escalaplano Basin(Sardinia, Italy):influence of tectonics on provenance

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 18-34页

作者： Luca G.Costamagna sara Criniti Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Citadella UniversitariaBlocco A09042 Monserrato CAItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente Universita della Calabria87036 Arcavacata di Rende CSItaly

Late to post-Variscan molassic basins of Late Pennsylvanian-Permian age are exposed in Sardinia(Italy). Here, the compositional and stratigraphic evolution of the Mulargia-Escalaplano sedimentary basin(central Sardinia) has been investigated to highlight how the tectono-magmatic processes have influenced the sedimentation. Ruditic and arenitic samples were collected along well-characterized stratigraphic sections to provide a new insight into the impact of the tectono-magmatic processes on siliciclastic sedimentation. As a result, the conglomerates are mainly clast-supported, petromictic, and thus immature, with no defined maturity trend upwards. Nevertheless, pebble composition changes in times from Variscan basement pebble-rich to volcanic rock-rich, as a consequence of the basin widening and the dismantling and reworking of the coeval volcanic activity. The sandstone composition clearly changes from quartzolithic to feldspatholithic upwards, as a response to the same change of feeding and reworking of the volcanic rocks. Occasionally, interbedded quartzolithic arenites suggest exceptional floods carrying debris from the far borders of the basin. Also, the immature sandstone composition has been interpreted as being controlled by a continuous supply of fresh debris and to a rapid burial rate. In addition, the disappearance of metaradiolarite(lydite AA) Paleozoic grains in the sandstone mineral suite could represent a distinctive marker of a progressive unroofing of the Variscan chain and a clastic supply from deeper tectonic units.

关键词： Petrography Stratigraphy Provenance Molassic basins Sardinia

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Experimental evaluation of mechanical compression of lattice trusses made with Ti6Al4V for aerospace use

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 520-532页

作者： Carlo Giovanni FERRO sara VARETTI Paolo MAGGIORE Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli AbruzziTorino 10124Italy

Lattice structures are three-dimensional structures composed of repeated geometrical shapes with multiple interconnected nodes,providing high strength-to-weight ratios,customizable properties,and efficient use of materials.A smart use of materials leads to reduced fuel consumption and lower operating costs,making them highly desirable for aircraft manufacturers.Furthermore,the customizable properties of lattice structures allow for tailoring to specific design requirements,leading to improved performance and safety for aircraft.These advantages make lattice structures an important focus for research and development in the aviation industry.This paper presents an experimental evaluation of the mechanical compression properties of lattice trusses made with Ti6Al4V,designed for use in an anti-ice system.The truss structures were manufactured using additive manufacturing techniques and tested under compressive loads to determine mechanical properties.Results showed that lattice trusses exhibited high levels of compressive strength,making them suitable for use in applications where mechanical resistance and durability are critical,such as in anti-ice systems.We also highlight the potential of additive manufacturing techniques for the fabrication of lattice trusses with tailored mechanical properties.The study provides valuable insights into the mechanical behavior of Ti6Al4V lattice trusses and their potential applications in anti-ice systems,as well as other areas where high strength-to-weight ratios are required.The results of this research contribute to the development of lightweight,efficient,and durable anti-ice systems for use in aviation and other industries.

关键词： Additive Manufacturing(AM) Selective Laser Sintering(SLM) Anti ice systems Lattice structures Aircraft on board systems Design of Experiments(DOE)

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Flexible neural probes:a review of the current advantages,drawbacks,and future demands

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第2期25卷 153-167页

作者： sara PIMENTA Joao R.FREITAS JoséH.CORREIA CMEMS-UMinho University of MinhoGuimarães4800-058Portugal LABBELS-Associate Laboratory Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

Brain diseases affect millions of people and have a huge social and economic impact.The use of neural probes for studies in animals has been the main approach to increasing knowledge about neural network functioning.Ultimately,neuroscientists are trying to develop new and more effective therapeutic approaches to treating neurological disorders.The implementation of neural probes with multifunctionalities(electrical,optical,and fluidic interactions)has been increasing in the last few years,leading to the creation of devices with high temporal and spatial resolution.Increasing the applicability of,and elements integrated into,neural probes has also led to the necessity to create flexible interfaces,reducing neural tissue damage during probe implantation and increasing the quality of neural acquisition data.In this paper,we review the fabrication,characterization,and validation of several types of flexible neural probes,exploring the main advantages and drawbacks of these devices.Finally,future developments and applications are covered.Overall,this review aims to present the currently available flexible devices and future appropriate avenues for development as possible guidance for future engineered devices.

关键词： Brain knowledge Flexible interface Multifunctional probe

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Advancing hepatic recompensation:Baveno VII criteria and therapeutic innovations in liver cirrhosis management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第23期30卷 2954-2958页

作者： Lorenzo Ridola sara Del Cioppo Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Sapienza University of RomePolo PontinoRome 00185Italy

The Baveno VII criteria redefine the management of decompensated liver cirrhosis,introducing the concept of hepatic recompensation marking a significant departure from the conventional view of irreversible decline.Central to this concept is addressing the underlying cause of cirrhosis through tailored therapies,including antivirals and lifestyle modifications.Studies on alcohol,hepatitis C virus,and hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis demonstrate the efficacy of these interventions in improving liver function and patient outcomes.Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)emerges as a promising intervention,effectively resolving complications of portal hypertension and facilitating recompensation.However,optimal timing and patient selection for TIPS remain unresolved.Despite challenges,TIPS offers renewed hope for hepatic recompensation,marking a significant advancement in cirrhosis management.Further research is needed to refine its implementation and maximize its benefits.In conclusion,TIPS stands as a promising avenue for improving hepatic function and patient outcomes in decompensated liver cirrhosis within the framework of the Baveno VII criteria.

关键词： Hepatic recompensation Baveno VII Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Decompensation

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Previously undiagnosed Morgagni hernia with bowel perforation detected during repeat screening colonoscopy: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2389-2395页

作者： Said Al Alawi Alan N Barkun sara Najmeh Division of Gastroenterology McGill UniversityMontrealQC H4A 3J1Canada Division of Thoracic surgery McGill UniversityMontrealQC H4A 3J1Canada

BACKGROUND Morgagni hernia(MH)is a form of congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)characterized by an incomplete formation of diaphragm,resulting in the protru-sion of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity.The estimated incidence of CDH is between 1 in 2000 and 1 in 5000 live births,although the true incidence is unknown.MH typically presents in childhood and can be diagnosed either pre-natally or postnatally.However,it can also be asymptomatic and carry the risk of developing into a life-threatening condition in adulthood.CASE SUMMARY A 76-year-old female with no history of prior abdominal surgeries presented for an elective colonoscopy for polyp surveillance.During the procedure,when approaching the hepatic flexure,the scope could not be advanced further despite multiple attempts.The patient experienced mild abdominal discomfort,leading to the abortion of the procedure.While in the recovery area,she developed increa-sing abdominal pains and hypotension.Urgent abdominal imaging revealed her-niation of the proximal transverse colon through a MH into the chest with evi-dence of perforation.The patient underwent laparoscopic urgent colonic resection and primary hernia repair and was discharged uneventfully 2 d later.CONCLUSION A MH is a rare condition in adults that can present as a life-threatening compli-cation of colonoscopy,even in patients with a history of uneventful colonoscopies.This case highlights the importance of considering congenital and internal hernias when faced with sudden and unexplained difficulties during colonoscopy.If there is a suspicion of MH,the endoscopist should halt the procedure and immediately obtain abdominal imaging to confirm the diagnosis.

关键词： Bowel perforation Colonoscopy Adverse event Congenital diaphragmatic

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Autoimmune pancreatitis:Cornerstones and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 817-832页

作者： Camilla Gallo Giulia Dispinzieri Nicola Zucchini Pietro Invernizzi sara Massironi Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Department of Medicine and SurgeryFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy Department of Pathology Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriMonza 20900Italy

Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is an autoimmune subtype of chronic pancreatitis resulting from the aberrant immune response against the pancreas,leading to inflammation and fibrosis.Although AIP is rare,its incidence is increasing and is often misdiagnosed as other pancreatic diseases.AIP is commonly classified into two types.Type 1 AIP(AIP-1)is typically associated with elevated serum immunoglobulin G4(IgG4)levels and systemic manifestations,while type 2 AIP is typically a more localized form of the disease,and may coexist with other autoimmune disorders,especially inflammatory bowel diseases.Additionally,there is emerging recognition of a third type(type 3 AIP),which refers to immunotherapy-triggered AIP,although this classification is still gaining acceptance in medical literature.The clinical manifestations of AIP mainly include painless jaundice and weight loss.Elevated serum IgG4 levels are particularly characteristic of AIP-1.Diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical,laboratory,radiological,and histological findings,given the similarity of AIP symptoms to other pancreatic disorders.The mainstay of treatment for AIP is steroid therapy,which is effective in most cases.Severe cases might require additional imm-unosuppressive agents.This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of AIP,encompassing its epidemiology,etiology,clinical presentation,diagnosis,and treatment options.We also address the challenges and controversies in diagnosing and treating AIP,such as distinguishing it from pancreatic cancer and managing long-term treatment,highlighting the need for increased awareness and knowledge of this complex disease.

关键词： Autoimmunity Pancreatitis Autoimmune pancreatitis Immunoglobulin G4 Steroids Relapse

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