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Post-fire recovery of Puya raimondii, vegetation and birds in the puna of Huascarán National Park, Perú

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 20-32页

作者： Mery L.SUNI Giovana P.VADILLO César.ARANA Enoc JARA-PENA Letty SALINAS M.Estela PONCE Paul M.RAMSAY Plant Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Natural History Museum Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Peru Applied Phytology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Universidad de las Américas PueblaSan Andrés Cholula CP Cholula CP 72810Mexico

A large fire of 233 ha in Huascarán National Park in Peru provided an opportunity to compare plant and bird responses in burned and nearby unburned zones of the puna. Heights and live diameters of flagship Puya raimondii rosettes(assigned to four broad developmental phases), plant communities(66 species in 24 families and nine growth forms) and bird communities(77 species in six trophic guilds) were monitored after the fire. Although no mortality was observed, Puya raimondii plants were affected by the fire, losing approximately 60% of their photosynthetic area across all developmental phases, but recovered quickly during the first two years after fire. The comparison of Puya rosette recovery after fire was complicated by the changes in live rosette diameter for unburned plants, which showed plasticity of photosynthetic area linked to seasonal and annual fluctuations in precipitation in this relatively dry environment(decreased by 26% for mature adult plants over the study period). Fire caused an immediate change in the density, biomass and composition of vegetation. Although the species present remained similar, their abundances changed significantly immediately after the fire, with notable reductions in dominant tussock grasses. This provided opportunities for other plants, resulting in higher postfire diversity of plant species, genera, families and growth forms. In turn, the changes in vegetation after fire affected the composition of birds according to their trophic guild. Granivores largely disappeared,generalists were mostly unaffected, and other guilds showed a more complex response. As the vegetation recovered, most displaced birds returned within approximately one year.

关键词： Burning Plant biomass Trophic guilds Andes Giant rosette plants

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Prediction of Low Heating Value of Sugar Cane Bagasse as a Fuel for Industrial Boilers in the High Relative Humidity Region: Case of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第6期14卷 1604-1624页

作者： Pierre Kana-Donfack Maxell Tientcheu-Nsiewe Denis Tcheukam-Toko César.Kapseu Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Technology University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Fundamental Sciences and Engineering Technology School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries University of Ngaoudr Ngaoudr Cameroon Department of Process Engineering National School of Agro-Industrial Science University of Ngaoundr Ngaoudr Cameroon

Many attempts have been made to estimate calorific value of bagasse using mathematical equations, which were created based on data from proximate, ultimate, physical and chemical analysis. Questions have been raised on the applicability of these equations in different parts of the globe. This study was initiated to tackle these problems and also check the most suited mathematical models for the Law Heating Value of Cameroonian bagasse. Data and bagasse samples were collected at the Cameroonian sugarcane factory. The effects of cane variety, age of harvesting, source, moisture content, and sucrose on the LHV of Cameroon bagasse have been tested. It was shown that humidity does not change within a variety, but changes from the dry season to the rainy season;the sugar in the rainy season is significantly different from that collected in the dry season. Samples of the same variety have identical LHV. LHV in the dry season is significantly different from LHV in the rainy season. According to the fact that this study was done for cane with different ages of harvesting, the maturity of Cameroonian sugarcane does not affect LHV of bagasse. Tree selected models are much superior tool for the prediction of the LHV for bagasse in Cameroon compared to others. The standard deviation of these validated models is around 200 kJ/kg compared to the experimental. Thus, the models determined in foreign countries, are not necessar.ly applicable in predicting the LHV of bagasse in other countries with the same accuracy as that in their native country. There was linear relationship between humidity, ash and sugar content in the bagasse. It is possible to build models based on data from physical composition of bagasse using regression analysis.

关键词： Sugarcane Bagasse Relative Humidity Ash Low Heating Value

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Growth Efficiency of Local Chickens Using Sweet Potato Vine with Concentration Feed as a Basal Diet

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2024年第3期13卷 108-113页

作者： Hieak Hun Suheang Sorn Chan Bun Manay Ith Ty Chhay Kouch Theng Chetra sar Faculty of Animal Sciences Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12400Cambodia General Directorate of Animal Health and Production Phnom Penh 120603Cambodia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12400Cambodia Ministry of Environment Sangkat Tonle BasakKhan Chamkar MonPhnom Penh 120101Cambodia Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and FisheriesSangkat Tonle BasakKhan Chamkar MonPhnom Penh 120101Cambodia Graduate School Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12400Cambodia

The experiment was conducted at the animal experimental station of the Faculty of Animal Sciences,Royal University of Agriculture,commenced from 10 January to 14 March,*** CRD(Completely Randomized Design)was used with 5 treatments and 4 *** 500 chicks at one-day-old,local bread,were purchased from farmers who run their small scale hatchery *** chicks were kept together till 21 days old,and then were allocated randomly into in five diets(treatments),25 chicks per *** feed formulas for this study were designed and calculated to maintain a protein content of approximately 17%,dividing into 5 feed formulas(Treatments),such as concentrated feed only(control treatment:T0),plus 10%of fresh sweet potato vine(T1),plus 20%of fresh sweet potato vine(T2),plus 30%of fresh sweet potato vine(T3)and plus 20%of sweet potato vine meal(T4).The results showed that the treatment T1,had a similar final weight with the treatment T4,but was slightly lower than the treatment T0 which used concentrated feed *** intake and FCR(Feed Conversion Ratio)were not significantly different among those *** conclusion,the average daily weight gain of chickens seemed to decrease with increasing the level of fresh sweet potato ***,the optimum level of fresh sweet potato vine was 10%,which may have little effect on the growth performance of local *** addition,it was not far different from the positive control treatment and the treatment using sweet potato vine ***,the producers can increase the amount of sweet potato vine in feed formula by processing it into meal and mixing with concentrated feed or using as feed ingredients.

关键词： Local breed final weight feed intake FCR

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Detailed Analyses of Nymphea Seeds Consumed in the Senegal River Valley

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 695-700页

作者： Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Michel Bakar Diop Fatou Kiné Gueye César.Bassène Mame Samba Mbaye Centre dEtudes sur la Scurit Alimentaire et les Molcules Fonctionnelles (CESAM-RESCIF) Universit Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar Sngal Unit de formation et de Recherche des Sciences Agronomiques de lAquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires Universit Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sngal Laboratoire de Botanique-Biodiversit Biologie Vgtale Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

Physicochemical investigations were performed on seeds of Nymphea lotus and N. micrantha consumed in the Senegal River valley. They revealed a composition similar to that of cereals. In order to estimate their intrinsic quality, the determination of their amino acid, fatty acid and monosaccharids profiles was done. The results indicate that monosaccharides are represented specifically by saccharose (7%) and glucose (0.67%);a predominance of stearic acid and linoleic acid as unsaturated acids (24.86%);arachidic and palmitic acids as the only saturated acid found (11.12%);a good ratio of unsaturated/saturated acid (2.23);a lack of oleic acid, linoleic, palmitoleic, myristic, caprylic acids;a poor-quality index protein due to low quantity amino acids. Nevertheless, all essential amino acids are present in the seeds. The Nymphea sp grains consumed by the populations around the Senegal River valley offer an interesting nutritional quality linked to fatty acids and carbohydrates.

关键词： Nymphea Seeds Composition

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Epidemiological and Hemato-Biochemical Profiles of Diabetic Patients at the Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases Department of the Alpha Oumar Diallo Regional Hospital, Kindia (Republic of Guinea)

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第2期14卷 108-121页

作者： Fatoumata Bah Cé Camara Ousmane Sangare Elhadji Saidou Balde Karamo Toure Taliby Dos Camara Mariama Kourouma César.Hagassou Biology Laboratory Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry (Commune of Dixinn) Guinea Higher School of Tourism and Hospitality of Guinea Conakry Guinea Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea

This study aims to enhance the healthcare services for diabetic patients in the administrative region of Kindia by suggesting dietary interventions to assist diabetics in better managing their condition. Conducted over a period of six months, from February 18 to July 18, 2021, this prospective and descriptive cross-sectional study involved 220 diabetic patients. Among these, 48 patients (22%) maintained balanced glucose levels (2 g/l). Positive glycosuria was observed in 54% of the patients, whereas 46% demonstrated normal glycosuria. An analysis of urinary parameters revealed that 15% of the patients had abnormal Ketone Bodies. Normal HbA1c levels (9%) HbA1c levels. Hematological assessments indicated significant variation: 56% of the patients had low hemoglobin levels, 4% suffered from hyper-eosinophilia, and 1% each from hyper-basophilia and hyper-hemoglobinemia. The anemic profile was characterized as mild anemia in 75%, moderate anemia in 20%, and severe anemia in 5%. Furthermore, 25% of patients were affected by Microcytic anemia and 75% by Normocytic anemia. Demographically, women constituted 65% of the study group compared to 35% of men. The most represented age bracket was 41 to 60 years, accounting for 52% of the patients, while those between 61 and 80 years comprised 36%. Every district in Kindia was impacted by diabetes.

关键词： Epidemiology Diabetes Glucose Levels Glycosuria Metabolic Disorders Kindia

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Analysis of the Quality of Physical and Chemical Parameters of Groundwater in Three Localities in the Sub-Prefecture of Zanzra (Ivory Coast)

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期12卷 1-17页

作者： Djedjess Essoh Jules-César.Meledje Bi Irié Marc Gouli Drissa Ouattara Kra Vanh Eric-Simon Zran Adjourma Konate Albert Trokourey Laboratoire de Chimie des Eaux (LCE) de l’ Ecole Normale Sup&#233rieure d&#8217Abidjan Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Laboratoire de Constitution et Ré action de la Mati&#232re (LCRM) &#224 l&#8217UFR SSMT-Universit&#233 F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny (UFHB) de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

The availability of groundwater of acceptable quality has become a difficult challenge to meet in many countries, particularly Côte d’Ivoire. The State of Côte d’Ivoire and rural populations are building hydraulic infrastructure for this purpose. However, the quality of water coming from these infrastructures remains to be determined. This study therefore aims to analyze certain physicochemical parameters of the groundwater of Gloazra, Kouezra and Trahonfla. These are temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, salinity level, hardness, alkalinity, chloride content and bicarbonate. To determine the pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, TDS, and salinity rate, an electrochemical analysis was carried out. The titrimetric analysis made it possible to determine the chloride and bicarbonate content, alkalinity, and hardness. The results indicate that the studied groundwater is soft and acidic with good mineralization. This water does not present a health hazard to consumers but can affect hydraulic equipment and household containers.

关键词： Ivory Coast Gloazra Trahonfla Kouezra Physicochemical Parameters Water WHO Standards

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Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antifungal Capacity of Nanoemulsions Loaded with Synthetic Chalcone Derivatives Di-Benzyl Cinnamaldehyde and Benzyl 4-Aminochalcone

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第2期12卷 285-304页

作者： Flavia Oliveira Monteiro da Silva Abreu Taysse Holanda Joice Farias do Nascimento Henety Nascimento Pinheiro Rachel Menezes Castelo Hélcio Silva dos Santos Thais Benincá Patrícia da Silva Malheiros Júlio César.Sousa Prado Raquel de Oliveira Fontenelle Maria Madalena de Camargo Forte Natural Polymers Laboratory PPGCNState University of CearáFortaleza60.714.903Brazil Polymeric Materials Laboratory PPGE3MFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970Brazil Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory PPGCNState University of CearáFortaleza60.714.903Brazil Food Hygiene and Microbiology Laboratory PPGCTAFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre91501-970Brazil Microbiology Laboratory Medicine SchoolFederal University of CearáSobral62010-560Brazil

With the increase in antimicrobial resistance,it has become necessar. to explore alternative approaches for combating and preventing ***-cinnamaldehyde(CNM)and Benzyl4-amino(B4AM)are bioactive compounds derived from chalcones but with restricted solubility in aqueous *** can enhance the solubility of compounds and can be a promising alternative in the development of novel antimicrobials,with reduced side effects and prolonged *** objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of oil-in-water nanoemulsions loaded with two distinct types of chalcones at two different dosages,to propose a stable formulation with antimicrobial *** showed that nanoemulsions presented high encapsulation efficiency,low polydispersity index(PDI)and particle size below 200 nm,indicating that emulsification was a suitable method for nanoemulsion *** with higher dosages exhibited significant antimicrobial effects when compared to free chalcones and positive ***,B4AM nanoemulsions at higher dosages showed expressive activity against Salmonella minnesota,with a 420%greater inhibitory response compared to the free form and showing equivalence to the positive *** nanoemulsions showed excellent inhibitory activity at the highest dosage,equivalent to the positive control against *** and Staphylococcus *** greater number of conjugated bonds in CNM increased the antimicrobial activity in comparison with B4AM,and the formation of nanometric domains enhanced the bioavailability,being a promising alternative for antimicrobial applications.

关键词： Polysaccharide nanoemulsions S.aureus S.minnesota chalcones alginate

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Effect of Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase in patients with celiac disease on a long-term gluten-free diet

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1545-1555页

作者： Juan Pablo Stefanolo Verónica Segura Martina Grizzuti Abel Heredia Isabel Comino Ana Florencia Costa Roberto Puebla María Paz Temprano Sonia Isabel Niveloni Gabriel de Diego María E Oregui Edgardo Gustavo Smecuol Mauricio C de Marzi Elena F Verdú Carolina Sousa Julio César.Bai Small Bowel Section Department of MedicineGastroenterology Hospital of Buenos Aires“Dr.C.Bonorino Udaondo”Buenos Aires 1264Argentina Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of SevilleSeville 41080Spain Department of Medicine Dr.C.Bonorino Udaondo Gastroenterology HospitalBuenos Aires 1264Argentina Basic and Applied Research Group in Immunology and Bioactives(GIBAIB) Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development(INEDES)National University of LujanLuján 6700Buenos AiresArgentina Department of Medicine Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research InstituteMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8OntarioCanada Facultad de Medicina Universidad del SalvadorBuenos Aires C1051ABBArgentina

BACKGROUND The gluten-free diet(GFD)has limitations,and there is intense research in the development of adjuvant *** To examine the effects of orally administered Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase protease(AN-PEP)on inadvertent gluten exposure and symptom prevention in adult celiac disease(CeD)patients following their usual *** This was an exploratory,double-blind,randomized,placebo-controlled trial that enrolled CeD patients on a long-term *** a 4-wk run-in period,patients were randomized to 4 wk of two AN-PEP capsules(GliadinX;AVI Research,LLC,United States)at each of three meals per day or *** endpoints were:(1)Average weekly stool gluten immunogenic peptides(GIP)between the run-in and end of treatments and between AN-PEP and placebo;(2)celiac symptom index(CSI);(3)CeD-specific serology;and(4)quality of *** samples were collected for GIP testing by ELISA every Tuesday and Friday during run-ins and *** Forty patients were randomized for the intention-to-treat analysis,and three were excluded from the per-protocol ***,628/640(98.1%)stool samples were *** was undetectable(0.32μg/g)to potentially cause mucosal *** GIP concentration in the AN-PEP arm was 44.7%lower than in the run-in ***-third of patients exhibiting GIP>0.08μg/g during run-in had lower or undetectable GIP after AN-PEP *** with the run-in period,the proportion of symptomatic patients(CSI>38)in the AN-PEP arm was significantly lower(P<0.03).AN-PEP did not result in changes in specific *** This exploratory study conducted in a real-life setting revealed high adherence to the *** AN-PEP treatment did not significantly reduce the overall GIP stool ***,given the observation of a significantly lower prevale

关键词： Celiac disease Aspergillus niger prolyl endoprotease Gluten immunogenic peptides Trial Symptoms Real-life trial

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The challenging management of malignant ureteral obstruction:Analysis of a series of 188 cases

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Current Urology 2024年第1期18卷 34-42页

作者： Alberto Artiles Medina Inés Laso García Fernando González Tello sar. Álvarez Rodríguez Manuel Hevia Palacios Marina Mata Alcaraz César.Mínguez Ojeda Fernando Arias Funez Victoria Gómez Dos Santos Francisco Javier Burgos Revilla Department of Urology Hospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Department of Radiology Hospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain

Background:Malignant ureteral obstruction(MUO)is a common condition that complicates the course of advanced *** aims of this study are to analyze the causes,management,and survival of patients with obstructive nephropathy due to malignant ureteric obstruction and to determine prognostic ***,we studied the complications and outcomes in patients who underwent urinary *** and methods:A retrospective study was conducted on patients with computed tomography-confirmed MUO between January 2016 and November ***,clinical,radiological,laboratory,and management data were *** curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to test the association between parameters and ***:A total of 188 patients were *** mean age was 69.01 years(SD,14.95 years),and the majority(54.8%)were *** most common mechanism leading to MUO was compression by a pelvic mass(36.9%),and the 3 most frequent tumors causing MUO were prostate(17.6%),bladder(16.5%),and rectal cancer(11.7%).Forty-seven patients(25%)underwent urinary diversion:23(48.9%)underwent double-J stenting and 21(44.7%)underwent percutaneous *** most common reason for urinary diversion was acute kidney injury(53.3%).Recovery of renal function was observed in 55.8%of the patients after urinary *** most frequently identified complications after urinary diversion were urinary tract infection(24.4%),hematuria(17.0%),and urinary sepsis(14.9%).The median survival after hydronephrosis diagnosis was 6.43 months(interquartile range,1.91-14.81 months).In patients who underwent urinary decompression,the median survival after urinary diversion was 8.67 months(interquartile range,2.99-17.28 months).In the multivariate analysis,a lower grade of hydronephrosis and cancer cachexia negatively impacted ***:Cancer patients with MUO have a poor pro

关键词： Hydronephrosis Ureteral obstruction Neoplasms Urinary diversion Survival Prognosis

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What Prompts the People's Bank of China to Change Its Monetary Policy Stance?Evidence from a Discrete Choice Model

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China & World Economy 2008年第6期16卷 1-21页

作者： Laurent L.Pauwels Research Department Hong Kong Monetary AuthorityHong KongSAR

In the present paper, we model the policy stance of the People＇s Bank of China （PBC） as a latent variable, and the discrete changes in the reserve requirement ratio, policy interest rates, and the scale of open market operations are taken as signals of movement of this latent variable. We run a discrete choice regression that relates these observed indicators of policy stance to major trends of macroeconomic and financial developments, which are represented by common factors extracted from a large number of variables. The predicted value of the estimated model can then be interpreted as the implicit policy stance of the PBC. In a second step, we estimate how much of the variation in the PBC＇ s implicit stance can be explained by measures of its policy objectives on inflation, growth and financial stability. We find that deviations of CPI inflation from an implicit target and deviations of broad money growth from the announced targets, but not output gaps, figure significantly in the PBC＇s policy changes.

关键词： monetary policy People's Bank of China qualitative response models

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