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Dissolution behavior of bioactive glass ceramics with different CaO/MgO ratios in SBF-K9 and r-SBF

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2014年第4期24卷 354-363页

作者： M.U.Hashmi saqlain A.Shah Department of Applied Sciences Superior University Lahore 2. Department of PhysicsFC College (A Chartered University) Department of Material Science and Engineering Washington University

In the present work,we studied dissolution behavior of three glass ceramics samples each having 34 SiO2–14.5 P2O5–1 CaF2–0.5 MgF2(%wt)and ratio of CaO/MgO varying from 11.5:1 to 1:11.5 in conventional SBF(SBF-K9) and revised SBF(r-SBF) that has ionic concentration exactly equal to that of human blood *** that purpose,samples were immersed in fluids for different time periods upto 25 *** film XRD analysis revealed the diffusive nature of the phases on the surfaces of samples after soaking for different time periods in *** showed the poor precipitation and small thickness of the HCAp layer on the samples as compared to that in SBF-K9,thus indicating the fitness and sensitivity of r-SBF for in-vitro characterization of ***,FTIR and EDS revealed slow bonding rate on the surfaces of the samples in r-SBF than that in SBF-K9 that showed the dependence of bond formation on the composition of the materials as well as on the physiological fluid used for in-vitro *** rate of HCAp formation was slower in r-SBF due to more competitive adsorption of CO3 ions to Ca and Mg ions owing to greater amount of CO3 in r-SBF than that in *** shows the importance of CO3 content in the physiological fluids for the in-vitro assessment of ***,r-SBF is recommended to be used for assessment of samples to clearly understand their behavior in-vivo.

关键词： Dissolution behavior SBF-K9 r-SBF

Design and Parametric Investigation of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2018年第3期23卷 345-351页

作者： ABBAS Zulkarnain ABBAS saqlain BUTT Zubair PASHA Riffat Asim School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Mechatronics Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Chakwal 48800 Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Taxila 47080 Pakistan

This research focuses on design and calculations for the horizontal axis wind turbine to fulfill energy demands at small scales in Pakistan. This is the design to produce about 5 kilowatts of electricity to share the load of average home appliances. Area chosen for this research is Pasni, Balochistan in Pakistan to build the wind turbine for electricity. Design values are approximated by appropriate formulas of wind energy design. In current research, turbine blade profile is designed by blade element momentum(BEM) theory. Warlock wind turbine calculator is used to verify the design parameters like wind speed, tip speed ratio(TSR) and efficiency *** of wind speed, wind power, TSR, pitch angle, blade tip angle, number of blades, blade design and tower height on power coefficient are analyzed in this research. Maximum power coefficient is achieved at a designed velocity of 6 m/s. Design analysis is also performed on simulation software ANSYS Fluent. It is observed that designed velocity parameter of this research is very suitable for the turbine blade, so blade designing is perfect according to wind speed range.

关键词： horizontal axis wind turbine Warlock wind turbine calculator planetary gear box

Multi-valued interval neutrosophic linguistic soft set theory and its application in knowledge management

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第3期5卷 200-208页

作者： Nor Liyana Amalini Mohd Kamal Lazim Abdullah Ilyani Abdullah Muhammad saqlain Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Informatics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Department of Mathematics Lahore Garrison UniversityDHA Phase VISector-CLahorePakistan

This study proposed the concepts of a multi-valued interval neutrosophic linguistic soft set(MVINLSS)by integrating the concepts of multi-valued interval neutrosophic soft set and linguistic *** is presented as it can deal with ambiguous and uncertain information in decision making which is characterised by linguistic *** proposed set amalgamates quantitative assessment with the qualitative assessment which can solve complex problems with ambiguity,uncertainty,and *** can be an effective tool to describe the real decision-makers’opinions and reflect their ***,the authors propose the basic operational rules of ***,they define a multi-valued interval neutrosophic linguistic soft weighted arithmetic averaging *** work proposed a multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)method which considers different priority levels of criteria and the criteria values take the form of multi-valued interval neutrosophic linguistic soft ***,the proposed MCDM method is applied to the knowledge management case,considering 11 criteria.

关键词： valued qualitative integrating

Evolution and Effectiveness of Loss Functions in Generative Adversarial Networks

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China Communications 2021年第10期18卷 45-76页

作者： Ali Syed saqlain Fang Fang Tanvir Ahmad Liyun Wang Zain-ul Abidin School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Department of Computer Science Portland State UniversityPortland 97207U.S. School of Information and Communication Engineering South West Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Recently,the evolution of Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)has embarked on a journey of revolutionizing the field of artificial and computational *** improve the generating ability of GANs,various loss functions are introduced to measure the degree of similarity between the samples generated by the generator and the real data samples,and the effectiveness of the loss functions in improving the generating ability of *** this paper,we present a detailed survey for the loss functions used in GANs,and provide a critical analysis on the pros and cons of these loss ***,the basic theory of GANs along with the training mechanism are ***,the most commonly used loss functions in GANs are introduced and ***,the experimental analyses and comparison of these loss functions are presented in different GAN ***,several suggestions on choosing suitable loss functions for image synthesis tasks are given.

关键词： loss functions deep learning machine learning unsupervised learning generative adversarial networks(GANs) image synthesis

Human Behavior Classification Using Geometrical Features of Skeleton and Support Vector Machines

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第8期61卷 535-553页

作者： Syed Muhammad saqlain Shah Tahir Afzal Malik Robina khatoon Syedsaqlain Hassan Faiz Ali Shah Department of CS&SE International Islamic UniversityH-10 SectorIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Management Information Systems Ibn Rushd College of Management SciencesAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Bahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Institute of Computer Science University of TartuTartuEstonia

Classification of human actions under video surveillance is gaining a lot of attention from computer vision *** this paper,we have presented methodology to recognize human behavior in thin crowd which may be very helpful in *** have mostly focused the problem of human detection in thin crowd,overall behavior of the crowd and actions of individuals in video *** based Human behavior modeling is a complex task as it involves human detection,tracking,classifying normal and abnormal *** proposed methodology takes input video and applies Gaussian based segmentation technique followed by post processing through presenting hole filling algorithm i.e.,fill hole inside objects *** detection is performed by presenting human detection algorithm and then geometrical features from human skeleton are extracted using feature extraction *** classification task is achieved using binary and multi class support vector *** proposed technique is validated through accuracy,precision,recall and F-measure metrics.

关键词： Human behavior classification segmentation human detection support vector machine

Experimental Investigation of Performance Characteristics of PZT-5A with Application to Fault Diagnosis

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2022年第4期16卷 307-321页

作者： saqlain Abbas Zulkarnain Abbas Yanping Zhu Waqas Tariq Toor Xiaotong Tu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology LahoreNarowal CampusNarowal51600Pakistan Institute of Vibration Shock and NoiseState Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and VibrationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Department of Mechanical Engineering National Fertilizer Cooperation(NFC)Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMultan61000Pakistan Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology LahoreNarowal CampusNarowal51600Pakistan The School of Informatics Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

In the previous couple of decades,techniques to reap energy and empower low voltage electronic devices have received outstanding *** of the methods based on the piezoelectric effect to harvest the energy from ambient vibrations have been ***’s an absence of experiment-based investigation which incorporates the microstructure analysis and crystal morphology of those energy harvest home ***,the impact of variable mechanical and thermal load conditions has seldom been studied within the previous literature to utilize the effectiveness of those materials in several practical applications like structural health monitoring(SHM),*** the proposed research work,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive x-ray(EDX)analysis are performed to examine the inside crystal morphology of PZT-5A and ensure the quality of the piezoelectric ***,the performance of piezoelectric vibration-based energy harvester has been investigated in the second phase of current research work under the variable mechanical and thermal load conditions through a regular series of ***’s been found that the output voltage of piezoelectric sensors will increase by increasing the applied load,whereas a decreasing trend in output voltage is noticed by increasing the applied temperature,resistance and *** the third part,a measuring setup is developed in the laboratory to further investigate the effectiveness of PZT-5A in practical applications such as electromechanical impedance(EMI)based structural health monitoring under the controlled heating ***,this analysis not only evaluates the performance of PZT sensors under the variable operating conditions but also encourages developing a temperature compensation approach in EMI-based SHM.

关键词： Piezoelectric energy harvester crystal morphology scanning electron microscope structural health monitoring electromechanical impedance

Fine-Tuning Cyber Security Defenses: Evaluating Supervised Machine Learning Classifiers for Windows Malware Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2917-2939页

作者： Islam Zada Mohammed Naif Alatawi Syed Muhammad saqlain Abdullah Alshahrani Adel Alshamran Kanwal Imran Hessa Alfraihi Department of Software Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad25000Pakistan Information Technology Department Faculty of Computers and Information TechnologyUniversity of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of PeshawarPeshawar25121Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Malware attacks on Windows machines pose significant cybersecurity threats,necessitating effective detection and prevention *** machine learning classifiers have emerged as promising tools for malware ***,there remains a need for comprehensive studies that compare the performance of different classifiers specifically for Windows malware *** this gap can provide valuable insights for enhancing cybersecurity *** numerous studies have explored malware detection using machine learning techniques,there is a lack of systematic comparison of supervised classifiers for Windows malware *** the relative effectiveness of these classifiers can inform the selection of optimal detection methods and improve overall security *** study aims to bridge the research gap by conducting a comparative analysis of supervised machine learning classifiers for detecting malware on Windows *** objectives include Investigating the performance of various classifiers,such as Gaussian Naïve Bayes,K Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier(SGDC),and Decision Tree,in detecting Windows *** the accuracy,efficiency,and suitability of each classifier for real-world malware detection *** the strengths and limitations of different classifiers to provide insights for cybersecurity practitioners and *** recommendations for selecting the most effective classifier for Windows malware detection based on empirical *** study employs a structured methodology consisting of several phases:exploratory data analysis,data preprocessing,model training,and *** data analysis involves understanding the dataset’s characteristics and identifying preprocessing *** preprocessing includes cleaning,feature encoding,dimensionality reduction,and optimization to prepare the data for *** training utilizes various

关键词： Security and privacy challenges in the context of requirements engineering supervisedmachine learning malware detection windows systems comparative analysis Gaussian Naive Bayes K Nearest Neighbors Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier Decision Tree

Improvement in Sensing Accuracy of an OFDM-Based W-Band System

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2022年第1期7卷 37-47页

作者： Nazar Muhammad Idrees Zijie Lu Mu hammad saqlain Hongqi Zhang Shiwei Wang Lu Zhang Xianbin Yu College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 31121China

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform is promising to converge communications and sensing functionalities for future wireless applications. This paper presents a novel method to improve the OFDM-based sensing accuracy by estimating the delay/Doppler leakages in the channel matrix, which is constructed by the received and the transmitted OFDM symbols. Both simulation and proof-of-concept experiment validate the proposed method for sensing *** experiment uses a heterodyne W-band system at 97 GHz to transmit and receive an OFDM waveform of bandwidth 3.9 *** achieve an improvement in sensing accuracy by an order of magnitude which is significant for OFDM-based converged systems.

关键词： communications and sensing delay/Doppler leakage orthogonal frequency division multiplexing sensing accuracy

Single-atom catalysts for electrochemical N_(2)reduction to NH_(3)

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Rare Metals 2023年第4期42卷 1075-1097页

作者： Muhammad saqlain lqbal Zhi-Bo Yao Yu-Kun Ruan Ramsha Iftikhar Lei-Duan Hao Alex WRobertson Syed Muhammad Imran Zhen-Yu Sun Department of Chemical Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadLahore 54000Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Department of Chemistry Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Physics University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

The increasing demand for clean energy and growing concerns regarding environmental sustainability have led to greater attention devoted toward the production of clean fuels via green *** this respect,ammonia is a green alternative to fossil fuels and can serve as a clean energy *** is now great interest in realizing the electrochemical reduction in atmospheric nitrogen(N_(2))for cheap,environmentally friendly and reliable ammonia(NH_(3))production ***,the robustness of the triple bond in N2 and the low efficiency of candidate catalysts limit the utility of this *** atom catalysts have been found to be more effective than nanoparticles due to their unique properties,and thus have been studied extensively for the nitrogen reduction *** this review,we have covered the recent advances in design and synthesis of noble metal and non-noble metal single atom catalysts for the electrochemical reduction in nitrogen during the years *** catalyst efficiencies,with reference to coordination preferences and theoretical studies have been ***,we also provide insights into the current challenges and some considerations for further future studies.

关键词： N_(2)reduction Single atom catalyst(SAC) Electrocatalysis NH_(3)