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Molecular phylogeny,biogeography and character evolution of the montane genus Incarvillea Juss.(Bignoniaceae)

Plant Diversity 2021年第1期43卷 1-14页

作者： santosh kumar.r.na Dong Luo Hum Kala rana Shaotian Chen Hang Sun CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Pharmaceutical Science Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650500China

The complex orogeny of the Himalaya and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)fosters habitat fragmentation that drives morphological differentiation of mountain plant ***,determining phylogenetic relationships between plant subgenera using morphological characters is ***,we used both molecular phylogeny and historical biogeographic analysis to infer the ancestral states of several vegetative and reproductive characters of the montane genus *** determined the taxonomic position of the genus Incarvillea within its family and inferred the biogeographical origin of taxa through Bayesian inference(BI),maximum likelihood(ML)and maximum parsimony(MP)analyses using three molecular data sets(trnL-trnF sequences,nr ITS sequences,and a data set of combined sequences)derived from 81%of the total species of the genus *** the genus-level phylogenetic framework,we examined the character evolution of 10 key morphological characters,and inferred the ancestral area and biogeographical history of the *** analyses revealed that the genus Incarvillea is monophyletic and originated in Central Asia during mid-Oligocene ca.29.42 *** earliest diverging lineages were subsequently split into theWestern Himalaya and Sino-Himalaya during the early Miocene ca.21.12 *** lineages resulted in five re-circumscribed subgenera(Amphicome,Olgaea,Niedzwedzkia,Incarvillea,and Pteroscleris).Moreover,character mapping revealed the ancestral character states of the genus Incarvillea(e.g.,suffruticose habit,cylindrical capsule shape,subligneous capsule texture,absence of capsule wing,and loculicidal capsule dehiscence)that are retained at the earliest diverging ancestral nodes across the *** phylogenetic tree of the genus Incarvillea differs from previously proposed phylogenies,thereby recommending the placement of the subgenus Niedzwedzkia close to the subgenus Incarvillea and maintaining two main divergent lineages.

关键词： Biodiversity hotspots Biogeography Incarvillea Molecular phylogeny Phytools Stochastic character mapping

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Meteorite impact craters as hotspots for mineral resources and energy fuels:A global review

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Energy Geoscience 2022年第2期3卷 136-146页

作者： S.James Saranya r.Chandran M.santosh A.P.Pradeepkumar M.N.Praveen K.S Sajinkumar s sajinkumar 1 2department of geologyuniversity of keralathiruvananthapuram695581keralaindia school of earth science and resources china university of geosciencesbeijing100083china department of earth sciences university of adelaidesa5005australia geological survey of india bengaluru560111india department of geological and mining engineering and sciences michigan technological universityhoughton49931miusa

The ever-increasing recovery rate of natural resources from terrestrial impact craters over the last fewdecades across the globe offers new avenues for further exploration of mineral and hydrocarbon resources in such *** of today,60 of the 208 terrestrial craters have been identified to host diverseresources such as hydrocarbons,metals and construction *** potential of craters as plausibleresource contributors to the energy sector is therefore,worthy of consideration,as 42(70%)of the 60craters host energy resources such as oil,gas,coal,uranium,mercury,critical and major minerals as wellas hydropower *** others,19 craters are of well-developed hydrocarbon *** associated with craters are also classified similar to other mineral resources such as progenetic,syngenetic and epigenetic *** these,the progenetic and syngenetic mineralization are confinedto the early and late excavation stage of impact crater evolution,respectively,whereas epigenetic deposits are formed during and after the modification stage of crater ***,progenetic andsyngenetic mineral deposits(like Fe,Ni,Pb,Zn and Cu)associated with craters are formed as a directresult of the impact event,whereas epigenetic deposits(***)are hosted by the impactstructure and result from post-impact *** the progenetic and syngenetic deposits,the shockwave induced fracturing and melting aid the formation of deposits,whereas in the epigenetic deposits,the highly fractured lithostratigraphic units of higher porosity and permeability,like the centralelevated area(CEA)or the rim,act as *** this review,we provide a holistic view of the mineral andenergy resources associated with impact craters,and use some of the remote sensing techniques toidentify the mineral deposits as supplemented by a schematic model of the types of deposits formedduring cratering process.

关键词： Meteorite impact crater Progenetic deposit Syngenetic deposit Epigenetic deposit Mineralization Hydrocarbon Petroleum Exploration

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Microrna-99a mimics inhibit M1 macrophage phenotype and adipose tissue inflammation by targeting TNFα

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第5期16卷 495-507页

作者： Anant Jaiswal Sukka santosh reddy Mohita Maurya Preeti Maurya Manoj kumar Barthwal Division of Pharmacology Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute(CSIR-CDRI)Lucknow 226031 U.P.India Academy of Scientific and Innovative research New Delhi 110025India

In human adipose tissue and obesity,mir-99a expression is negatively correlated with ***,the present study investigated the role of mir-99a in macrophage phenotype activation and adipose tissue inflammation.M2 BMDMs showed a significant increase in mir-99a expression when compared to the M0 and M1 ***-switching experiments established an association between upregulated mir-99a expression and the M2 *** of mir-99a prevented M1 phenotype activation and attenuated bactericidal ***,knockdown of mir-99a abolished M2 phenotype *** means of in silico target prediction tools and a luciferase reporter assay,TNFαwas identified as a direct target of *** of TNFαrecapitulated the effect of mir-99a overexpression in M1 *** a db/db mice model,mir-99a expression was reduced in eWAT and F4/80+*** overexpression of mir-99a in db/db mice attenuated adipocyte hypertrophy with increased CD301 and reduced CD86 *** cytometry analysis also showed an increased M2 and a reduced M1 macrophage *** of mir-99a also improved the diabetic dyslipidemia and insulin signaling in eWAT and liver,with an attenuated expression of gluconeogenesis and cholesterol metabolism genes in the ***,adoptive transfer of mir-99a-overexpressing macrophages in the db/db mice recapitulated in vivo mir-99a mimic effects with increased M2 and reduced M1 macrophage populations and improved systemic glucose,insulin sensitivity,and insulin signaling in the eWAT and *** present study demonstrates that mir-99a mimics can regulate macrophage M1 phenotype activation by targeting TNFα.mir-99a therapeutics in diabetic mice reduces the adipose tissue inflammation and improves insulin sensitivity.

关键词： inflammation macrophage CD86

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肿瘤小鼠模型建立应用进展

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中华肿瘤防治杂志 2022年第2期29卷 92-101页

作者：周云振 santosh kumar Jha 孙海明孙冬琳金焰吴楠中国遗传资源保护与疾病防控教育部重点实验室哈尔滨医科大学医学遗传学研究室黑龙江哈尔滨150081

近百余年中,小鼠模型在医学研究中扮演着重要的角色,在肿瘤基础研究以及转化医学研究中具有重要的意义。随着肿瘤研究进展的不断加深,从最初的肿瘤移植模型到近年的基因编辑模型,模型小鼠的应用日益广泛。在人体环境中,不同的肿瘤在发... 详细信息

近百余年中,小鼠模型在医学研究中扮演着重要的角色,在肿瘤基础研究以及转化医学研究中具有重要的意义。随着肿瘤研究进展的不断加深,从最初的肿瘤移植模型到近年的基因编辑模型,模型小鼠的应用日益广泛。在人体环境中,不同的肿瘤在发生、发展及转移等方面均存在着差异。因此,建立合适的小鼠模型是开展肿瘤研究的必要条件。本研究总结目前肿瘤研究中最常用的小鼠模型和动物实验伦理要求,并展望了肿瘤小鼠模型未来的发展方向。

关键词：肿瘤小鼠模型动物伦理学

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Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome-Neonate: Biochemical Parameters as Early Marker of Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcome

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第5期12卷 767-782页

作者： Perumalsathya Sankaranarayanan Harshitha Shanmuganathan Devika Sanil kumar Lal Devayani Vasudevan nair santosh Kamalakannan Department of Pediatrics Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Chennai India Department of research and Development Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Chennai India Department of Neonatology Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Chennai India

Background: Pregnant women and newborns are highly susceptible to Covid-19, manifesting as multisystem inflammatory syndrome-New-born (MISC-N) in many babies born to Covid positive mothers. The relationship between Covid-19 infection during pregnancy and neonatal neurodevelopmental outcome, if any, is unclear necessitating a follow-up study in this aspect. Methods: 16 babies with MIS-N, born to symptomatic Covid antibody positive mothers were enrolled. Demographic profile, treatment details and biochemical parameters were analyzed with neurodevelopmental follow-up. results: 25% mothers received 2 doses of Covid vaccine;50% had oligohydramnios and 75% received antenatal steroids. 87.5% were preterm of which 62.5% required surfactant with ventilator support and 75% required ionotropic support. Significant association was found between the antibody level and D-dimer levels with the ferritin and LDH levels of the baby (p 0.05);gestational age with LDH and D-dimer levels (p 0.05) and Covid antibody level of the baby vs the duration of ventilator requirement (P-value-0.0009). D-dimer values of babies were positively associated with both maternal antibody and D-dimer levels. Neurodevelopmental follow-up done at 6 months of corrected gestational age showed 37.5% were normal, 37.5% hypertonic and 25% hypotonic. HINE score was below 60 in 62.5%. Development assessment using Bayley-III showed a delay in the motor domain (62.5%), cognitive domain (56.25%) and language domain (62.5%). Conclusion: Neurodevelopmental problems occur in babies born to Covid positive mothers and should be stratified as “high risk”. Anticipatory guidance to prospective mothers for preterm care should be given. Covid antibody titre and D-dimer levels may help to predict the NICU stay, ventilator requirement and the adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in these babies.

关键词： Neurodevelopment Covid-19 Pregnancy Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Biochemical Markers D-Dimer HINE Score

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Analysis of asphalt mix surface-tread rubber interaction by using finite element method

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2017年第4期4卷 395-402页

作者： santosh kumar Srirangam kumar Anupam Cor Kasbergen Athanasios (Tom) Scarpas HSL Constructor Pte Ltd. Singapore 609162 Singapore Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

The surface texture of the pavement plays a very important role in driving the frictional properties at the tire rubber-pavement interface. Particularly, the hysteretic friction due to viscoelastic deformations of rubber depends mainly on the pavement surface texture. In the present paper, the effect of micromechanical pavement surface morphology on rubber block friction was brought in by comparing the friction results for three different asphalt mix morphological surfaces, named stone mastic asphalt （SMA）, ultra-thin surfacing （UTS） and porous asphalt （PA）. The asphalt surface morphologies of these mixes were captured by using an X-ray tornographer, from which the resulting images micromechanical finite element （FE） meshes for SMA, UTS and PA pavements were developed by means of the SimpleWare software. In the FE model, the rubber and asphalt binder were modeled as viscoelastic （V-E） materials and the formulation was given in the large deformation frame- work. FE simulations were then carried out by using contact algorithm between rubber and the road surface. It was observed that the rubber friction inversely varies with the sliding speed and positively varies with the pressure for all the pavement morphological and stiffness conditions. Furthermore, it was observed that the highly porous pavement surface results in large dissipation of energy, hence, large rubber friction which shows that the mix characteristics of pavements have a simaificant effect on rubber friction.

关键词： Surface texture Hysteretic friction Micromechanical analysis Finite element Contact

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Wound healing activity of Delonix elata stem bark extract and its isolated constituent quercetin-3-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6) glucopyranoside in rats

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第6期6卷 389-395页

作者： Pradeepa Krishnappa Krishna Venkatarangaiah Venkatesh santosh kumar Shimoga rajanna rebijith Kayattukandy Balan Department of Post Graduate Studies and research in Biotechnology Kuvempu University Department of Biotechnology MS Ramaiah Institute of Technology Department of Biochemistry Indian Institute of Science(IISc) Division of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Horticultural Research(IIHR)

Delonix elata *** a Ceasalpinaceae species and is traditionally used in India for treatment of skin diseases,liver diseases and rheumatic ***,systematic evaluation of its wound healing activity is ***,in the present study,we aimed to assess the wound healing activity of *** stem bark extract(DSE) and its isolated constituent quercetin-3-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6) glucopyranoside(QrPG) in *** formulations effects on wound healing were assessed by the wound contraction rate,epithelialization period,tensile strength,content of the hydroxyproline,hexosamine and uronic acid in granulation tissue,histopathological studies and Col 1 α(I) expression level in wound tissue by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(rT-PCr) *** topical application of DSE ointment caused faster epithelialization,significant wound contraction(100%),and better tensile strength(710.5 ± 10.5 g/cm^2),while QrPG showed wound epithelialization with 98.2%contraction,better than that of the control group(78.18%).The biochemical analysis of granulation tissue revealed that DSE and QrPG significantly increased hydroxyproline,hexosamine and uronic acid content.A significant increase in the expression of Col 1 α(I) was observed in the wound tissue of DSE and QrPG treated *** and QrPG were shown to enhance wound healing by increasing collagen synthesis through upregulation of Col 1 α(I),thus validating ethnomedicinal uses.

关键词： Delonix elata Quercetin-3-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6) glucopyranoside (QrPG) Wound healing Hydroxyproline Tensile strength

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Three dimensional flow motions in the viscous sublayer

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2021年第2期11卷 105-109页

作者： S.santosh kumar Xinyi Huang Xiang Yang Jiarong Hong Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455 Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55414 Department of Mechanical Engineering Penn State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802

We employ novel digital Fresnel reflection holography to capture the 3D flows within the viscous sublayerof a smooth-wall turbulent channel flow at reτ=*** measurements reveal unsteady and diverse flow patterns in the sublayer including nearly uniform high and low speed flows and strong small-scale(onthe order of viscous wall units)spanwise meandering *** probability density functions(PDFs)ofwall shear stresses show a clear discrepancy in high stress range with those from direct numerical simu-lation(DNS),which is attributed to the unresolved streamwise and spanwise motions by ***,the PDF of Lagrangian particle accelerations yields a stretched exponential shape like that in homogenousisotropic turbulence,indicating strong intermittency in the *** find a significant fraction of highaccelerations is associated with the small-scale meandering *** study helps explain the effectof sublayer-scale roughness on reducing drag and flow separation reported in the literature.

关键词： Viscous sublayer Digital holography Meandering motions Turbulent channel flow Sublayer-scale roughness DNS

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Comparison of ISS, NISS, and rTS score as predictor of mortality in pediatric fall

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第3期5卷 209-214页

作者： Kapil Dev Soni santosh Mahindrakar Amit Gupta Subodh kumar Sushma Sagar Ashish Jhakal Department of Trauma Surgery and Critical Care Jai Prakash Narayan Trauma Centre AIIMS New Delhi India

Background:Studies to identify an ideal trauma score tool representing prediction of outcomes of the pediatric fall patient remains elusive. Our study was undertaken to identify better predictor of mortality in the pediatric fall patients. Methods:Data was retrieved from prospectively maintained trauma registry project at level 1 trauma center developed as part of Multicentric Project—Towards Improving Trauma Care Outcomes (TITCO) in India. Single center data retrieved from a prospectively maintained trauma registry at a level 1 trauma center, New Delhi, for a period ranging from 1 October 2013 to 17 February 2015 was evaluated. Standard anatomic scores Injury Severity Score (ISS) and New Injury Severity Score (NISS) were compared with physiologic score revised Trauma Score (rTS) using receiver operating curve (rOC). results:Heart rate and rTS had a statistical difference among the survivors to nonsurvivors. ISS, NISS, and rTS were having 50, 50, and 86% of area under the curve on rOCs, and rTS was statistically significant among them. Conclusions: Physiologically based trauma score systems (rTS) are much better predictors of inhospital mortality in comparison to anatomical based scoring systems (ISS and NISS) for unintentional pediatric falls.

关键词： Pediatric fall Trauma score system ISS NISS rTS

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Antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of bark extract of Terminalia arjuna

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第12期3卷 965-970页

作者： Gollapalle Lakshminarayana shastry Viswanatha santosh kumar Vaidya ramesh C nandakumar Krishnadas Srinath rangappa Department of Pharmacology PES College of PharmacyBangalore-560050 India Department of Pharmacology St.John's College of PharmacyBangalore-560040 India Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal-576104 India

Objective:The alcoholic extract of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna（ALTA） was screened for antioxidant and antimutagenic（anticlastogenic） ***:Antioxidant property was determined by l,l,Diphynyl,2-Picryl hydrazyl（DPPH） assay,super oxide radical scavenging activity,lipid peroxidation assay and total polyphenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteau’s *** activity was evaluated using micronucleus test in mice. results:The ALTA has shown potent antioxidant activity with EC50 of 2.491±0.160,50.110±0.150 & 71.000±0.250 in DPPH assay,superoxide radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation assay, which is comparable with ascorbic acid with EC50 of 2.471±0.140,40.500±0.390 and 63.000±0.360 *** micronucleus test,ALTA（100 & 200 mg/kg,p.o.） showed significant reduction in percentage of micronucleus in both polychromatic erythrocytes（PCE） and normochromatie erythrocytes（NCE） and also shown significant reduction in P/N ***:These results suggested that ALTA possess significant antioxidant and antimutagenic activity.

关键词： Terminalia arjuna Antioxidant activity Antimutagenic activity Micronuclease test

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