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Mass balance and morphological evolution of the Dokriani Glacier,central Himalaya,India during 1999–2014

Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 255-267页

作者： Purushottam kumar Garg Jairam Singh Yadav santosh kumar rai Aparna Shukla Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa RoadSimrolIndore 453552India Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology 33GMS RoadDehradun 248001India Ministry of Earth Sciences Prithvi BhavanLodhi RoadNew Delhi 110003India

Glaciological mass balance(MB)is considered the most direct,undelayed and unfiltered response of the glaciers to climatic ***,it may inherit errors associated with stake underrepresentation,averaging over the entire glacier and human ***,proper validation of glaciological MB with geodetic MB is highly recommended by the World Glacier Monitoring Service(WGMS).The present study focuses on the Dokriani Glacier,central Himalaya which is one of the bench-mark glaciers in the region and has glaciological MB records from 1993 to 2013 with intermittent *** the present study,firstly the glaciological MB series is extended to 2014 i.e.,field-based MB for one more year is computed and,to compare with it,the geodetic MB is computed for the 1999–2014 period using high resolution Cartosat-1 digital elevation model(DEM)and SRTM ***,the study assesses the regional representation of the Dokriani Glacier in terms of MB and evaluates the influence of the MB regime on its morphological *** show that the average glaciological MB(-0.34±0.2 m water equivalent(w.e.)y-1)is more negative than the geodetic MB(-0.23±0.1 m w.e.y-1)for the 1999–2014 *** is likely because of the partial representation of glacier margins in the glaciological MB,where melting is strikingly low owing to thick debris cover(>30 cm).In contrast,geodetic MB considers all marginal pixels leading to a comparatively low MB.A comparative assessment shows that the MB of Dokriani Glacier is less negative(possibly due to its huge accumulation area)than most other glacier-specific and regional MBs,restricting it to be a representative glacier in the ***,continuous negative MB has brought a peculiar change in the epiglacial morphology in the lower tongue of the glacier as differential debris thickness-induced differential melting has turned the glacier surface into a concave *** concavity has led to development of a large(10–20 m deep)supraglacial ch

关键词： Glacier mass balance Debris cover Epiglacial morphology Supraglacial channel Dokriani Glacier Central Himalaya

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Emerging Novel Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2024年第3期13卷 65-94页

作者： Amit Panwar Mohd. Imran Khan Rajesh kumar Rakesh kumar santosh kumar rai Anil kumar New Drug Discovery Research Mankind Research Centre Mankind Pharma Limited Gurugram India

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is caused by synaptic failure and the excessive accumulation of misfolded proteins especially Aβ and tau, and associated with memory loss and cognitive impairment. Treatment of AD mainly consists of symptomatic therapy and disease-modifying therapy (DMT). Several monotherapies including small molecules or antibodies have been evaluated through multiple clinical trials, but a very few have been approved by the USFDA to intervene the disease’s pathogenesis. Past research has shown multifactorial nature of AD, therefore, multi-target drugs were proposed to target different pathways at the same time, however, currently no rationally designed multi-target directed ligand (MTDL) has been clinically approved. Different combinations and bispecific antibodies are also under development. Novel approaches like stem cell-based therapies, microRNAs, peptides, ADCs and vaccines cast a new hope for AD treatment, however, a number of questions remained to be answered prior to their safe and effective clinical translation. This review explores the small molecules, MTDL, and antibodies (monospecific and bispecific) for the treatment of AD. Finally, future perspectives (stem cell therapy, PROTAC approaches, microRNAs, ADC, peptides and vaccines) are also discussed with regard to their clinical applications and feasibility.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Disease-Modifying Therapy (DMT) MicroRNAs PROTAC

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Factors affecting smallholder farmers' adaptive capacity to climate change:A comparative study of Nepal, India, and Bangladesh

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第2期35卷 359-381页

作者： CHAPAGAIN Prem Sagar BANSKOTA Tibendra Raj SHRESTHA Shobha ZHANG Yili YAN Jianzhong rai Suresh Chand ISLAM Md Nurul LIU Linshan MANDAL Umesh kumar PAUDEL Basanta KHANAL Narendra Raj THASINEKU Om Chandra Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan University Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS College of Resource and Environment Southwest University Department of Geography Delhi School of Economics University of Delhi Department of Geography & Environment Jahangirnagar University Research Center for Educational Innovation and Development (CERID) Tribhuvan University

Agriculture, significantly impacted by climate change and climate variability, serves as the primary livelihood for smallholder farmers in South Asia. This study aims to examine and evaluate the factors influencing smallholder farmers' adaptive capacity(AC) in addressing these risks through surveys from 633 households across Nepal, India, and Bangladesh. The findings reveal that AC is influenced by various indicators categorized under eight principal factors. The first three factors, which explain about one-third of the variance in each country,include distinct significant indicators for each nation: in Nepal, these indicators are landholding size, skill-development training, knowledge of improved seed varieties, number of income sources, access to markets, and access to financial institutions; in India, they encompass access to agricultural-input information, knowledge of seed varieties, access to markets, access to crop insurance, changing the sowing/harvesting times of crops, and access to financial services; in Bangladesh, the key factors are access to financial institutions, community cooperation, changing the sowing/harvesting times of crops, knowledge of improved seed varieties,and access to agricultural-input information. Notably, indicators such as trust in weather information, changing sowing/harvesting times of crops, and crop insurance were identified as important determinants of AC, which have been overlooked in previous studies.

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Computation of pressure drop for dilute gas-solid suspension across thin and thick orifices

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Particuology 2021年第2期19卷 209-221页

作者： santosh kumar Senapati Sukanta kumar Dash Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal 721302India

The present work deals with the computation of the gas-solid two-phase flow pressure drop across thin and thick orifices for a vertically downward flow configuration at the higher limits of a dilute phase flow situation(0.01≤αs,in≤0.10).The Eulerian-Eulerian(two-fluid)model has been used in conjunction with the kinetic theory of granular flow with a four-way coupling *** validation of the solution process has been performed by comparing the computational result with the existing experimental *** is observed that the two-phase flow pressure drop across the orifice increases with an increase in the thickness of the orifice,and the effect is more prominent at higher solid *** pressure drop is found to increase with an increase in the solid volume *** increase in the Reynolds number or the area ratio increases the pressure *** increase in the size of the particles reduces the pressure drop across the orifice at both small and relatively large solid volume ***,a two-phase multiplier has been proposed in terms of the relevant parameters,which can be useful to evaluate the gas-solid two-phase flow pressure drop across the orifice and can subsequently help to improve the system performance.

关键词： Dilute phase flow Gas-solid flow Thin and thick orifice Vertically downward flow Pressure drop

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Pressure recovery characteristics for a dilute gas-particle suspension flowing vertically downward in a pipe with a sudden expansion: A two-fluid modeling approach

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Particuology 2020年第3期18卷 100-111页

作者： santosh kumar Senapati Sukanta kumar Dash Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal 721302India

This work applies the Eulerian-Eulerian model in conjunction with the kinetic theory of granular flow and inter-particle collisions to study the characteristics of pressure recovery for a dilute gas-particle suspension flowing through a pipe with a sudden expansion at a relatively higher solid *** do so,the numerical procedure was validated against experimental results for relatively small dilute phase flows in a pipe with a sudden expansion;a satisfactory agreement was ***,the effect of the two significant numerical parameters namely,the speculairty coefficient and the coefficient of restitution for particle-particle collisions were investigated and then,for fixed combinations of these parameters the effect of particle-phase volume fraction,particle density,particle size,and inlet slip ratio were *** was concluded that pressure recovery diminishes as the speculairty coefficient increases and the particle-particle coefficient of restitution *** recovery was found to increase with increasing solid volume fraction for coarse particles whereas,for fine particles,a critical volume fraction is obtained above which pressure recovery *** increase in slip ratio is found to diminish pressure ***,at relatively higher solid volume fractions,a critical diameter was found,above and below which pressure recovery decreases.

关键词： Gas-solid flow Sudden expansion pipe Eulerian-Eulerian model Pressure recovery Vertically downward flow

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Thermo-Magneto-Electric Currents with Dynamical Magnetization Inhomogeneities

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2011年第9期56卷 504-512页

作者： santosh kumar Kudtarkar Centre for Mathematical Modelling FLAME150/7Jaideep BungalowBaner-Balewadi RoadBanerPune 411 045India

We study the effect of potential and thermal gradient induced non-equilibrium magnetization in quasi1-d itinerant magnets.A semi-phenomenological theory is employed in conjunction with the drift-diffusion model forthis *** the methods of non-equilibrium thermodynamics,we derive the transport currents correspondingto charge,heat,and magnetization flows in the presence of non-equilibrium magnetization *** is shown howtime-dependent magnetic textures give rise to charge and thermal currents even in the absence of external potential andthermal gradients through spin *** presence of dynamical textures also affect the thermodynamic parametersof the *** an application,we consider the case of a helimagnet.

关键词： current and temperature driven spin pumping thermoelectric thermomagnetic

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Inhibition of extracellular vesicle pathway using neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitors as a neuroprotective treatment for brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2349-2352页

作者： Asit kumar santosh kumar Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Traumatic brain injury is a sudden trauma or blow on the head,and severe traumatic brain injury is a major cause of death and disability *** acute and chronic consequences following traumatic brain injury can lead to progressive secondary neurodegenerative changes and cognitive *** date,there is no effective pharmaceutical products for the treatment to reduce secondary damage after brain *** discovery of extracellular vesicles has attracted considerable scientific attention due to their role in cell-to-cell *** vesicles have shown their potential to carry not only biological molecules but also as a drug delivery *** a carrier of molecular information,extracellular vesicles have been involved in physiological functions as well as in the modulation of immune ***,we aim to provide new insights into the contrasting role of extracellular vesicles in the propagation of inflammatory responses after brain *** a carrier of pro-inflammatory molecules,their role as functional mediators in the pathophysiology of brain injury is discussed,addressing the inhibition of the extracellular vesicle pathway as an anti-inflammatory or neuroprotective approach to improve the outcome of both acute and chronic inflammation following brain ***,we summarize therapeutic strategies to diminish the risk the neurodegeneration post brain injury and propose that neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitors could be used as potentially useful therapeutic agents for the treatment of brain injury associated neuroinflammation.

关键词： brain injury ceramide extracellular vesicles microglia neuroinflammation neuroprotection neutral sphingomyelinase

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Promising light converting BaMoO_4:Er^(3+)-Tm^(3+)-Yb^(3+) phosphors for display and optical temperature sensing

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第12期36卷 1256-1263页

作者： Abhishek kumar Soni Vineet kumar rai Chemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Laser and Spectroscopy Laboratory Department of Applied Physics Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)

Er-Tm3+-Ybtri-doped BaMoOphosphors were synthesized by co-precipitation technique and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, absorption study and field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. Upconversion as well as downconversion luminescence studies were performed by using near infrared(980 nm) and ultraviolet(380 nm) excitations. Energy level diagram, pump power dependence and colour coordinate study were utilized to describe the multicolor upconversion emission properties. Under single 980 nm diode laser excitation the dual mode sensing behaviour is realized via Stark sublevels and thermally coupled energy levels of the Tm3+ and Erions in the prepared tri-doped phosphors. A comparative fluorescence intensity ratio analysis for integrated emission intensities arising from the Stark sublevels {~1 G4(a)) and ~1 G4(b))} and thermally coupled energy levels {~2 Hand 4 S3/2} of the Tm3+ and Er3+ ions, respectively was carried out in the prepared tri-doped BaMoOphosphors. The maximum sensitivity for thermally coupled energy levels of the Er3+ and Stark sublevels of the Tm3+ ion was reported. The developed phosphors could be useful in the display devices and optical thermo metric applications.

关键词： Phosphor Optical temperature sensing Stark sublevels Thermally coupled energy levels Rare earths

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Chemical and physical studies of metallic alloy-based old Indian coins with LIBS coupled with multivariate analysis

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第9期25卷 91-103页

作者： Vikas GUPTA Abhishekh kumar rai Tejmani kumar Rajendhar JUNJURI G Manoj kumar A K rai Laser Spectroscopy Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj 211002India Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of AllahabadPrayagraj 211002India Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials University of HyderabadHyderabad 500046 India Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena D-07745Germany

The present work aims to demonstrate the capabilities of Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy(LIBS)coupled with a multivariate technique for rapid quantification and classification of old Indian coins made of various *** old Indian coins in different years of circulation,(1922–1986)were selected for the *** concentrations were determined by Calibration free LIBS(CF-LIBS)*** concentration of cuprum(Cu)is negligible,and aluminum(Al)is maximum in the first five coins,and vice-versa in the remaining eight *** different multivariate methods,Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy(SIMCA)have been used to classify and identify the *** classified all thirteen samples into four main alloy *** discernment of unknown samples to their probable class membership of alloy was performed using *** surface hardness(Brinell hardness number)is linearly correlated with the plasma temperature and LIBS intensity *** sample surface of the first and fifth coin belongs to Al-alloy,having the least surface hardness,and it became harder for Cu–Ni alloy,Ni-brass alloy,and bronze *** hardness of the surface is more for bronze sample *** is also observed that the plasma temperature increases monotonically with the Brinell hardness *** analysis provides valuable information on fabrication methodology and explains large diversification in the elementary composition of old coins.

关键词： LIBS metallic alloy stoichiometric ablation PCA SIMCA old indian coins surface hardness

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Pseudo-Differential Operators of Homogeneous Symbol Class Associated with the Weinstein Transform

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第6期40卷 1533-1562页

作者： santosh kumar UPADHYAY Mohd SARTAJ Department of Mathematical Sciences Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)VaranasiIndia

In this paper,pseudo-differential operators with homogeneous symbol classes associated with the Weinstein transform are *** boundedness of pseudo-differential operators and commutator between two pseudo-differential o... 详细信息

关键词： Pseudo-Differential Operators Homogeneous Symbol Class Weinstein Operator Sobolev space Weinstein transform

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