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Hydrochemical evolution of groundwater in northwestern part of the Indo-Gangetic Basin,India:A geochemical and isotopic approach

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 450-463页

作者： Shive Prakash rai Kossitse Venyo Akpataku Jacob Noble Abhinav Patel Suneel kumar Joshi Department of Geology Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Department of ChemistryUniversity of KaraPO Box 404KaraTogo Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment University of LoméP.O.Box 1515LomeTogo Isotope and Radiation Application Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India Hydrological Investigations Division National Institute of HydrologyRoorkee 247667India

The present study aims to understand the hydrochemical evolution of groundwater in the Ghaggar River Basin,representing a zone of excessive abstraction of groundwater in the northwestern Indo-Gangetic *** study comprises a regional scale and high-resolution sampling of groundwater during preand post-monsoon seasons of 2013 and their analyses for major ions,δ^(18)O,δ^(2)H,and 3 *** in hydrochemical and isotopic data is found both in spatial and vertical *** significant vertical variation of TDS,NO_(3)and K^(+)allowed the classification of the aquifer system into two major groups:shallow(depth80 m bgl).The depthwise variations ofδ^(18)O andδ^(2)H support this categorization of the *** Ca-HCO_(3)and Ca-Mg-Na-HCO_(3)water facies with higher values of 3 H in the proximal part of the basin characterize recharge areas under humid *** dominance of Mg-Na-HCO_(3)and Na-HCO_(3)facies in shallow and deep aquifers in central part of the basin,illustrate the intermediate to advanced stages of hydrochemical evolution in the *** of brackish Ca-Mg-Cl-SO_(4)and Na-Cl-SO_(4)water types in the discharge areas is due to the prevailing geological conditions and anthropogenic *** modelling supports the reverse cation exchange and mixing during lateral and vertical flows,weathering of silicate minerals,dissolution of crustal salts,and evaporative enrichment are the natural processes governing the evolution of groundwater chemistry along the *** developed process-based conceptual model will aid in the formulation of a suitable plan for groundwater resource management in the region.

关键词： Hydrogeochemical evolution Groundwater salinity Cation exchange Fluoride Anthropogenic impact Ghaggar River Basin

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Blockchain Merkle-Tree Ethereum Approach in Enterprise Multitenant Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3297-3313页

作者： Pooja Dhiman santosh kumar Henge Sartaj Singh Avinash Kaur Parminder Singh Mustapha Hadabou School of Computer Applications Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwara144001India School of Computer Science and Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwara144001India School of Computer Science Mohammed VI Polytechnic UniversityBen Guerir43150Morocco

This research paper puts emphasis on using cloud computing with Blockchain(BC)to improve the security and privacy in a *** security of data is not guaranteed as there is always a risk of leakage of users’*** can be used in a multi-tenant cloud environment(MTCE)to improve the security of data,as it is a decentralized *** is saved in unaltered ***,Blockchain is not owned by a single *** encryption process can be done using a Homomorphic encryption(HE)algorithm along with hashing technique,hereby allowing computations on encrypted data without the need for *** research paper is composed of four objectives:Analysis of cloud security using Blockchain technology;Exceptional scenario of Blockchain architecture in an enterprise-level MTCE;Implementation of cipher-text policy attribute-based encryption(CPABE)algorithm;Implementation of Merkle tree using Ethereum(MTuE)in a Multi-tenant *** of these four objectives,the main focus is on the implementation of CP-ABE ***-ABE parameters are proposed for different levels of *** levels include inner tenant,outer tenant,Inner-Outer-Tenant,Inner-Outer-External-Tenant,Outer-Inner-Tenant,External-Outer-Inner-Tenant and the parameters such as token,private key,public key,access tree,message,attribute set,node-level,cipher-text,salting which will help in providing better security using CP-ABE algorithm in a multitenant environment(MTE)where tenants can be provided with different levels of security and achieved 92 percentage of authenticity and access-control of the data.

关键词： Blockchain(BC) merkle tree using ethereum(MTuE) multi-tenant environment(MTE) homomorphic encryption(HE) ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption(CP-ABE)

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Theoretical investigation on mechanical,thermal,and ultrasonic properties of epitaxial nanostructured ZrN layers growth on MgO(001)substrate

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ChemPhysMater 2023年第3期2卷 253-258页

作者： Aadesh kumar Prajapati Sachin rai Prashant Srivastav Pramod kumar Yadawa Department of Physics Prof.Rajendra Singh(Rajju Bhaiya)Institute of Physical Sciences for Study and ResearchV.B.S.Purvanchal UniversityJaunpur 222003India

In the present study,we calculated the elastic,mechanical,and thermo-physical properties of Zirconium Nitride(ZrN)/Magnesium Oxide(MgO)(001)nanostructures in the temperature range of 50∼300 K using higher-order elastic *** two fundamental factors,nearest-neighbor distance and hardness parameter,in this tem-perature range,the second-and third-order elastic constants(SOECs and TOECs)are estimated using the Coulomb&Born-Mayer *** computed values of SOECs have been used to calculate Young’s modulus,thermal conductivity,Zener anisotropy,bulk modulus,thermal energy density,shear modulus,and Poisson’s ratio to as-sess the thermal and mechanical properties of the ZrN/MgO(001)nanostructured ***,SOECs are used to calculate the wave velocities for shear as well as longitudinal modes of propagation along crystalline orientations,,andin these temperature *** temperature-dependent Debye average velocity,hardness,melting temperature,and ultrasonic Grüneisen parameters(UGPs)were *** frac-ture/toughness(B/G)ratio in the current investigation was greater than 1.75,indicating that the ZrN/MgO(001)nanostructured layer was ductile in this temperature *** selected materials fully satisfied the Born me-chanical stability *** this ambient temperature,it has been computed how long thermal relaxation takes to complete and how ultrasonic waves are attenuated by thermo-elastic relaxation and phonon-phonon interaction *** results,in combination with other well-known physical properties,can be applied to the non-destructive testing of materials for various industrial applications such as microelectronic devices,optical coatings,batteries,and solar cells.

关键词： Nanostructured layers Elastic properties Thermal conductivity Mechanical properties Ultrasonic properties

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Analysis of asphalt mix surface-tread rubber interaction by using finite element method

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2017年第4期4卷 395-402页

作者： santosh kumar Srirangam kumar Anupam Cor Kasbergen Athanasios (Tom) Scarpas HSL Constructor Pte Ltd. Singapore 609162 Singapore Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

The surface texture of the pavement plays a very important role in driving the frictional properties at the tire rubber-pavement interface. Particularly, the hysteretic friction due to viscoelastic deformations of rubber depends mainly on the pavement surface texture. In the present paper, the effect of micromechanical pavement surface morphology on rubber block friction was brought in by comparing the friction results for three different asphalt mix morphological surfaces, named stone mastic asphalt （SMA）, ultra-thin surfacing （UTS） and porous asphalt （PA）. The asphalt surface morphologies of these mixes were captured by using an X-ray tornographer, from which the resulting images micromechanical finite element （FE） meshes for SMA, UTS and PA pavements were developed by means of the SimpleWare software. In the FE model, the rubber and asphalt binder were modeled as viscoelastic （V-E） materials and the formulation was given in the large deformation frame- work. FE simulations were then carried out by using contact algorithm between rubber and the road surface. It was observed that the rubber friction inversely varies with the sliding speed and positively varies with the pressure for all the pavement morphological and stiffness conditions. Furthermore, it was observed that the highly porous pavement surface results in large dissipation of energy, hence, large rubber friction which shows that the mix characteristics of pavements have a simaificant effect on rubber friction.

关键词： Surface texture Hysteretic friction Micromechanical analysis Finite element Contact

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Potential of edible insects as source of functional foods:biotechnological approaches for improving functionality

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第3期2卷 461-472页

作者： Wahengbam Deepanita Devi Rajkumari Bonysana Kokho Kapesa Amit kumar rai Pulok kumar Mukherjee Yallappa Rajashekar Insect Bioresources Laboratory Animal Resources ProgrammeInstitute Bioresources and Sustainable Development(IBSD)Takyelpat Imphal WestManipur 795001India Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development Mizoram NodeAizwalMizoram 796001India

Consumption of insects as food has a long history and has been documented by many ***,it is extensively practiced in Africa,Asia,Australia,and Latin America as traditional food providing nutritional,economic and ecological benefit for rural *** today’s world,edible insects are limelight by many researchers and industrialist due to the presence of enormous nutrient potential as well as bioactive *** review mainly focuses on the potential of edible insect for its diverse nutraceutical properties,production and processing as a functional food and its acceptance and boost in the market trends in global *** consumption of edible insects is purely based on ethnic traditional knowledge of the local *** studies on edible insects have shown their potential as source of nutraceuticals with promote health benefit and can be an alternative source of *** of the edible insects are rich source of protein,energy,vitamins,essential fatty acids and *** these insects can be a source of bioactive compounds especially peptides,which can be applied in functional food *** many countries,the traditional knowledge of entomophagy is being applied for production of value-added products using modern technology.

关键词： Edible insects Functional foods Nutrition Biotechnology approaches

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Wound healing activity of Delonix elata stem bark extract and its isolated constituent quercetin-3-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6) glucopyranoside in rats

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第6期6卷 389-395页

作者： Pradeepa Krishnappa Krishna Venkatarangaiah Venkatesh santosh kumar Shimoga Rajanna Rebijith Kayattukandy Balan Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Biotechnology Kuvempu University Department of Biotechnology MS Ramaiah Institute of Technology Department of Biochemistry Indian Institute of Science(IISc) Division of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Horticultural Research(IIHR)

Delonix elata *** a Ceasalpinaceae species and is traditionally used in India for treatment of skin diseases,liver diseases and rheumatic ***,systematic evaluation of its wound healing activity is ***,in the present study,we aimed to assess the wound healing activity of *** stem bark extract(DSE) and its isolated constituent quercetin-3-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6) glucopyranoside(QRPG) in *** formulations effects on wound healing were assessed by the wound contraction rate,epithelialization period,tensile strength,content of the hydroxyproline,hexosamine and uronic acid in granulation tissue,histopathological studies and Col 1 α(I) expression level in wound tissue by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) *** topical application of DSE ointment caused faster epithelialization,significant wound contraction(100%),and better tensile strength(710.5 ± 10.5 g/cm^2),while QRPG showed wound epithelialization with 98.2%contraction,better than that of the control group(78.18%).The biochemical analysis of granulation tissue revealed that DSE and QRPG significantly increased hydroxyproline,hexosamine and uronic acid content.A significant increase in the expression of Col 1 α(I) was observed in the wound tissue of DSE and QRPG treated *** and QRPG were shown to enhance wound healing by increasing collagen synthesis through upregulation of Col 1 α(I),thus validating ethnomedicinal uses.

关键词： Delonix elata Quercetin-3-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6) glucopyranoside (QRPG) Wound healing Hydroxyproline Tensile strength

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Heteromeric and Homomeric Geranyl Diphosphate Synthases from Catharanthus roseus and Their Role in Monoterpene Indole Alkaloid Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2013年第5期6卷 1531-1549页

作者： Avanish rai Shachi S. Smita Anup kumar Singh Karuna Shanker Dinesh A. Nagegowda CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Centre Bangalore 560065 India CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Lucknow 226015 India

Catharanthus roseus is the sole source of two most important monoterpene indole alkaloid （MIA） anti- cancer agents： vinblastine and vincristine. MIAs possess a terpene and an indole moiety derived from terpenoid and shikimate pathways, respectively. Geranyl diphosphate （GPP）, the entry point to the formation of terpene moiety, is a product of the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate （IPP） and dimethylallyl diphosphate （DMAPP） by GPP synthase （GPPS）. Here, we report three genes encoding proteins with sequence similarity to large subunit （***） and small subunit （***） of heteromeric GPPSs, and a homomeric GPPSs. *** is a bifunctional enzyme producing both GPP and geranyl geranyl diphosphate （GGPP）, *** is inactive, whereas CrGPPS is a homomeric enzyme forming GPP. Co-expression of both subunits in Escherichia coil resulted in heteromeric enzyme with enhanced activity producing only GPR While *** and CrGPPS showed higher expression in older and younger leaves, respectively, *** showed an increasing trend and decreased gradually. Methyl jasmonate （MelA） treatment of leaves sig- nificantly induced the expression of only ***. GFP localization indicated that *** is plastidial whereas CrGPPS is mitochondrial. Transient overexpression of *** in C. roseus leaves resulted in increased vindoline, immediate monomeric precursor of vinblastine and vincristine. Although C. roseus has both heteromeric and homomeric GPPS enzymes, our results implicate the involvement of only heteromeric GPPS with *** regulating the GPP flux for MIA biosynthesis.

关键词： C. roseus monoterpene indole alkaloids geranyl diphosphate synthase heteromer homomer large subunit small subunit vindoline.

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Expression profile of cholecystokinin type-A receptor in gallbladder cancer and gallstone disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第4期10卷 408-414页

作者： Rajani rai Mallika Tewari Mohan kumar Tej Bali Singh Hari S Shukla Department of Surgical Oncology the Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005 (UP)India Department of Pathology the Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005 (UP)India Department of Community Medicine the Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005 (UP)India

BACKGROUND:Regulatory peptide receptors have attracted the interest of oncologists as a new promising approach for cancer pathology,imaging and *** cholecystokinin (CCK) is a potent modulator of gallbladder contractility and plays a potential role in pancreatic carcinogenesis through CCK type-A receptor (CCKAR),its role in gallbladder cancer (GBC) is still unknown and immunohistochemical detection of CCKAR in the gallbladder has not yet been *** novel case-control study aimed to investigate the expression profile of CCKAR in GBC and gallstone disease (GSD).METHODS:This study included 162 samples of gallbladder:94 from GBC and 68 from *** of CCKAR was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and *** results were statistically correlated with disease history including age,sex,presence of gallstone,stage and ***:CCKAR was positive in 30/68 (44.1%) of GSD and 72/94 (76.6%) of GBC ***-one of the 72 (70.8%) CCKAR-positive GBC samples showed ***,consistent results also appeared in the immunoblotting ***:CCKAR expression was significantly increased in GBC compared to ***,CCKAR expression was associated with the degree of tumor differentiation,i.e.,less expression in poorly-differentiated ***,it has future prognostic and therapeutic implications in the management of GBC.

关键词： cholecystokinin cholecystokinin type-A receptor gallbladder cancer gallstone disease

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Three dimensional flow motions in the viscous sublayer

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2021年第2期11卷 105-109页

作者： S.santosh kumar Xinyi Huang Xiang Yang Jiarong Hong Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455 Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55414 Department of Mechanical Engineering Penn State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802

We employ novel digital Fresnel reflection holography to capture the 3D flows within the viscous sublayerof a smooth-wall turbulent channel flow at Reτ=*** measurements reveal unsteady and diverse flow patterns in the sublayer including nearly uniform high and low speed flows and strong small-scale(onthe order of viscous wall units)spanwise meandering *** probability density functions(PDFs)ofwall shear stresses show a clear discrepancy in high stress range with those from direct numerical simu-lation(DNS),which is attributed to the unresolved streamwise and spanwise motions by ***,the PDF of Lagrangian particle accelerations yields a stretched exponential shape like that in homogenousisotropic turbulence,indicating strong intermittency in the *** find a significant fraction of highaccelerations is associated with the small-scale meandering *** study helps explain the effectof sublayer-scale roughness on reducing drag and flow separation reported in the literature.

关键词： Viscous sublayer Digital holography Meandering motions Turbulent channel flow Sublayer-scale roughness DNS

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Altered Host Resistance to Listeria monocytogenes In Mice Exposed to 1-Chloroacetophenone (CN) Vapours

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1992年第2期5卷 142-148页

作者： PRADEEP kumar PRAVIN kumar K.ZACHARIAH G.P.rai R.VIJAYRAGHAVAN Defence Research and Development Establishment Tansen RoadDefence Research and Development Establishment Tansen RoadDefence Research and Development Establishment Tansen RoadDefence Research and Development Establishment Tansen RoadDefence Research and Development Establishment Tansen Road Gwalior 474002 India Gwalior 474002 India Gwalior 474002 IndiaGwalior 474002 IndiaGwalior 474002 India

Short term repeated exposure of 1-chloroacetophenone (CN) vapours at a concentration of 0.153 mg per litre for 15 minutes daily on 10 consecuitve days in Swiss albino male mice resulted in increased mortality to Listeria monocytogenes. Significantly elevated bacterial growth was observed in the spleen and liver of the CN exposed animals. The increased bacterial count in these organs was evident within 4-6 days post challenge as compared to vehicle exposed infected and unexposed infected animals. Increased susceptibility to infection has been considered to be the function of immune alteration due to cumulative short term effects ofCN vapour inhalation. This may be attributed to immunotoxic effects of CN on Tcells mediated macrophage functions.

关键词： CN Vapours Altered Host Resistance to Listeria monocytogenes In Mice Exposed to 1-Chloroacetophenone

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