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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第3期14卷 476-477页

作者： Leopoldo Spadea Maria Ilaria Giannico Marta Armentano Ludovico Alisi santino pistella Department of Sense Organs Eye ClinicUniversity"LaSapienza"Rome 00185Italy

Dear Editor,We present an unusual case of acute graft rejection after photorefractive keratectomy(PRK),performed to correct high residual astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty(PKP)for *** primary measures of succ... 详细信息

关键词： astigmatism acute keratoplasty

Vanadium and molybdenum concentrations in particulate from Palermo （Italy）： analytical methods using voltammetry

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第4期9卷 605-614页

作者： Diana AMORELLO santino ORECCHIO Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies Palermo University Palermo 1-90128 Italy

The main purpose of this work was to develop a reliable method for the determination of vanadium （V） and molybdenum （Mo） in atmosphere particles or aerosols because they can not be readily measured using conventional techniques. For this research, 30 particulate samples were collected from five different stations located at Palermo, Italy. We used the catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry and differential pulsed voltammetry to measure V and Mo in atmospheric particulate, respectively. The represented method includes advantages of high sensitivity, high selectivity, simplicity, reproducibility, speed and low costs. The quantification limits for V and Mo are, respectively, 0.57 and 0.80 ng·m^-3. The precision, expressed as relative standard deviation （RSD %）, was about 2% for both metals. The mean recoveries of added V and Mo were about 99.5% and ranged from 97% to 101%. Vanadium concentrations in particulate samples collected in Palermo area ranged from 0.57 to 7.7 ng·m^-3, while Mo concentrations were in the range 0.8–51 ng·m^-3. In many cases the concentrations of two elements in the particulate samples fall below the detection limits. The mean concentrations for V and Mo in particulate samples, collected in Palermo area, were respectively 3.1 and 5.9 ng·m^-3.

关键词： vanadium molybdenum particulate voltammerry Palermo

Localization of Seed Oil Body Proteins in Tobacco Protoplasts Reveals Specific Mechanisms of Protein Targeting to Leaf Lipid Droplets

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第11期53卷 858-868页

作者： Stefania De Domenico Stefania Bonsegna Marcello Salvatore Lenucci Palmiro Poltronieri Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano Angelo santino Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R. Unit of Lecce via Monteroni Lecce 73100 Italy Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali Universita` del Salento via Monteroni Lecce 73100 Italy

Oleosin, caleosin and steroleosin are normally expressed in developing seed cells and are targeted to oil bodies. In the present work, the cDNA of each gene tagged with fluorescent proteins was transiently expressed into tobacco protoplasts and the fluorescent patterns observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Our results indicated clear differences in the endocellular localization of the three proteins. Oleosin and caleosin both share a common structure consisting of a central hydrophobic domain flanked by two hydrophilic domains and were correctly targeted to lipid droplets （LD）, whereas steroleosin, characterized by an N-terminal oil body anchoring domain, was mainly retained in the endoplasmic reticulum （ER）. Protoplast fractionation on sucrose gradients indicated that both oleosin and caleosin- green fluorescent protein （GFP） peaked at different fractions than where steroleosin-GFP or the ER marker binding immunoglobulin protein （BiP）, were recovered. Chemical analysis confirmed the presence of triacylglycerols in one of the fractions where oleosin-GFP was recovered. Finally, only oleosin- and caleosin-GFP were able to reconstitute artificial oil bodies in the presence of triacylglycerols and phospholipids. Taken together, our results pointed out for the first time that leaf LDs can be separated by the ER and both oleosin or caleosin are selectively targeted due to the existence of selective mechanisms controlling protein association with these organelles.

关键词： artificial oil bodies caleosin endoplasmic reticulum lipid droplets oleosin protein sorting steroleosin.

Irritable bowel syndrome: a disease still searching for pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8807-8820页

作者： Massimo Bellini Dario Gambaccini Cristina Stasi Maria Teresa Urbano santino Marchi Paolo Usai-Satta Gastrointestinal Unit Department of Gastroenterology University of Pisa 56124 Pisa Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence 50134 Florence Italy Epidemiological Observatory Health Agency of Tuscany 50141 Florence Italy Gastrointestinal Unit P. Brotzu Hospital09124 Cagliari Italy

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most frequently diagnosed functional gastrointestinal disorder in primary and secondary care. It is characterised by abdominal discomfort, pain and changes in bowel habits that can have a serious impact on the patient’s quality of life. The pathophysiology of IBS is not yet completely clear. Genetic, immune, environmental, inflammatory, neurological and psychological factors, in addition to visceral hypersensitivity, can all play an important role, one that most likely involves the complex interactions between the gut and the brain (gut-brain axis). The diagnosis of IBS can only be made on the basis of the symptoms of the Rome III criteria. Because the probability of organic disease in patients fulfilling the IBS criteria is very low, a careful medical history is critical and should pay particular attention to the possible comorbidities. Nevertheless, the severity of the patient’s symptoms or concerns sometimes compels the physician to perform useless and/or expensive diagnostic tests, transforming IBS into a diagnosis of exclusion. The presence of alarming symptoms (fever, weight loss, rectal bleeding, significant changes in blood chemistry), the presence of palpable abdominal masses, any recent onset of symptoms in patient aged over 50 years, the presence of symptoms at night, and a familial history of celiac disease, colorectal cancer and/or inflammatory bowel diseases all warrant investigation. Treatment strategies are based on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the degree of functional impairment of the bowel habits, and the presence of psychosocial disorders. This review examines and discusses the pathophysiological aspects and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches available for patients with symptoms possibly related to IBS, pointing out controversial issues and the strengths and weaknesses of the current knowledge.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Pathogenesis Diagnosis Therapy

Overlap of functional heartburn and gastroesophageal reflux disease with irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第35期19卷 5787-5797页

作者： Nicola de Bortoli Irene Martinucci Massimo Bellini Edoardo Savarino Vincenzo Savarino Corrado Blandizzi santino Marchi Division of Gastroenterology University of Pisa Division of Gastroenterology University of Padua Division of Gastroenterology University of Genoa Division of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy University of Pisa

Several studies indicate a significant degree of overlap between irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD).Likewise,both functional heartburn(FH)and IBS are functional digestive disorders that may occur in the same ***,data establishing a solid link between FH and IBS are lacking,mainly because the clinical definition of FH has undergone substantial changes over the *** available literature on the overlap between GERD or FH and IBS highlights considerable heterogeneity in terms of the criteria and diagnostic procedures used to assess heartburn and *** particular,several epidemiological studies included patients with concomitant IBS and GERD without any attempt to distinguish FH(as defined by the RomeⅢcriteria)from GERD via pathophysiological *** of these critical issues,there is preliminary evidence supporting a significantdegree of FH-IBS *** underscores the need for studies based on updated diagnostic criteria and accurate pathophysiological classifications,particularly to distinguish FH from *** distinction would represent an essential starting point to achieving a better understanding of pathophysiology in the subclasses of patients with GERD and FH and properly assessing the different degrees of overlap between IBS and the subcategories of *** present review article intends to appraise and critically discuss current evidence supporting a possible concomitance of GERD or FH with IBS in the same patients and to highlight the pathophysiological relationships between these disorders.

关键词： Functional gastrointestinal disorders Gastroesophageal reflux disease/Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease Irritable bowel syndrome Acidity(esophageal) Hypersensitivity

Genetics of anorexia nervosa:An overview of genome-wide association studies and emerging biological links

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第1期49卷 1-12页

作者： Clara de Jorge Martinez Gull Rukh Michael J.Williams santino Gaudio Samantha Brooks Helgi BSchi oth Department of Neuroscience Functional PharmacologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly School of Psychology Faculty of HealthLiverpool John Moores UniversityUK Department of Psychology School of Human and Community DevelopmentUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussia

Anorexia nervosa(AN) is a complex disorder with a strong genetic component. Comorbidities are frequent and there is substantial overlap with other disorders. The lack of understanding of the molecular and neuroanatomical causes has made it difficult to develop effective treatments and it is often difficult to treat in clinical practice. Recent advances in genetics have changed our understanding of polygenic diseases,increasing the possibility of understanding better how molecular pathways are intertwined. This review synthetizes the current state of genetic research providing an overview of genome-wide association studies(GWAS) findings in AN as well as overlap with other disorders, traits, pathways, and imaging results. This paper also discusses the different putative global pathways that are contributing to the disease including the evidence for metabolic and psychiatric origin of the disease.

关键词： Anorexia nervosa Genome-wide association studies Genetic variants Psychiatry

Alginate controls heartburn in patients with erosive and nonerosive reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第32期18卷 4371-4378页

作者： Edoardo Savarino Nicola de Bortoli Patrizia Zentilin Irene Martinucci Luca Bruzzone Manuele Furnari santino Marchi Vincenzo Savarino Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Genoa16126 GenoaItaly Division of Gastroenterology Department of SurgicalOncological and Gastroenterological SciencesUniversity of Padua35128 PaduaItaly Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Pisa56100 PisaItaly

AIM:To evaluate the effect of a novel alginate-based compound,Faringel,in modifying reflux characteristics and controlling ***:In this prospective,open-label study,40 patients reporting heartburn and regurgitation with proven reflux disease(i.e.,positive impedance-pH test/evidence of erosive esophagitis at upper endoscopy) underwent 2 h impedance-pH testing after eating a refluxogenic *** were studied for 1 h under basal conditions and 1 h after taking 10 mL *** both sessions,measurements were obtained in right lateral and supine decubitus *** also completed a validated questionnaire consisting of a 2-item 5-point(0-4) Likert scale and a 10-cm visual analogue scale(VAS) in order to evaluate the efficacy of Faringel in symptom *** of the treatment was assessed using a 6-point Likert scale ranging from very good(1) to very poor(6).RESULTS:Faringel decreased significantly(P < 0.001),in both the right lateral and supine decubitus positions,esophageal acid exposure time [median 10(25th75th percentil 6-16) vs 5.8(4-10) and 16(11-19) vs 7.5(5-11),respectively] and acid refluxes [5(3-8) vs 1(1-1) and 6(4-8) vs 2(1-2),respectively],but increased significantly(P < 0.01) the number of nonacid reflux events compared with baseline [2(1-3)vs 3(2-5) and 3(2-4) vs 6(3-8),respectively].Percentage of proximal migration decreased in both decubitus positions(60% vs 32% and 64% vs 35%,respectively;P < 0.001).Faringel was significantly effective in controlling heartburn,based on both the Likert scale [3.1(range 1-4) vs 0.9(0-2);P < 0.001] and VAS score [7.1(3-9.8) vs 2(0.1-4.8);P < 0.001],but it had less success against regurgitation,based on both the Likert scale [2.6(1-4) vs 2.2(1-4);P = not significant(NS)] and VAS score [5.6(2-9.6) vs 3.9(1-8.8);P = NS].Overall,the tolerability of Faringel was very good 5(2-6),with only two patients reporting modest adverse events(i.e.,nausea and bloating).CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate t

关键词： Impedance pH-metry Nonerosive reflux disease Erosive esophagitis Nonacid reflux Proximal reflux

Irritable bowel syndrome and chronic constipation: Fact and fiction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第40期21卷 11362-11370页

作者： Massimo Bellini Dario Gambaccini Paolo Usai-Satta Nicola De Bortoli Lorenzo Bertani santino Marchi Cristina Stasi Gastrointestinal Unit Department of GastroenterologyUniversity of Pisa Gastrointestinal Unit P. Brotzu Hospital Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Epidemiological Observatory Regional Health Agency of Tuscany

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) and functional constipation(FC) are the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders. According to the Rome ⅢCriteria these two disorders should be theoretically separated mainly by the presence of abdominal pain or discomfort relieved by defecation(typical of IBS) and they should be mutually exclusive. However,many gastroenterologists have serious doubts as regards a clear separation. Both IBS-C and FC,often associated with many other functional digestive and non digestive disorders,are responsible for a low quality of life. The impact of the media on patients' perception of these topics is sometimes disruptive,often suggesting a distorted view of pathophysiology,diagnosis and therapy. These messages frequently overlap with previous subjective opinions and are further processed on the basis of the different culture and the previous experience of the constipated patients,often producing odd,useless or even dangerous behaviors. The aim of this review was to analyze the most common patients' beliefs about IBS-C and CC,helping physicians to understand where they should focus their attention when communicating with patients,detecting false opinions and misconceptions and correcting them on the basis of scientific evidence.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Chronic constipation Func

Differential diagnosis between functional and organic intestinal disorders:Is there a role for non-invasive tests?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第2期13卷 219-223页

作者： Francesco Costa Maria Gloria Mumolo santino Marchi Massimo Bellini Section of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Pisa Pisa Italy

Abdominal pain and bowel habits alterations are common symptoms in the general population. The investigation to differentiate organic from functional bowel disorders represents a considerable burden both for patients and public health service. The selection of patients who should undergo endoscopic and/or radiological procedures is one of the key points of the diagnostic process, which should avoid the abuse of invasive and expensive tests as well as the underestimation of potentially harmful diseases. Over the cominci years,dinidans and researchers will be challenged to develop strategies to increase the patient＇s compliance and to reduce the economic and social costs of the intestinal diseases.

关键词： Intestinal diseases Intestinal inflammation Functional bowel disorders Faecal markers

Gastrointestinal manifestations in myotonic muscular dystrophy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第12期12卷 1821-1828页

作者： Massimo Bellini Sonia Biagi Cristina Stasi Francesco Costa Maria Gloria Mumolo Angelo Ricchiuti santino Marchi Gastroenterology Unit Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of PisaItaly

Myotonic dystrophy （MD） is characterized by myotonic phenomena and progressive muscular weakness. Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is frequent and may occur at any level. The clinical manifestations have previously been attributed to motility disorders caused by smooth muscle damage, but histologic evidence of alterations has been scarce and conflicting. A neural factor has also been hypothesized. In the upper digestive tract, dysphagia, heartburn, regurgitation and dyspepsia are the most common complaints, while in the lower tract, abdominal pain, bloating and changes in bowel habits are often reported. Digestive symptoms may be the first sign of dystrophic disease and may precede the rnusculo-skeletal features. The impairment of gastrointestinal function may be sometimes so gradual that the patients adapt to it with little awareness of symptoms. In such cases routine endoscopic and ultrasonographic evaluations are not sufficient and targeted techniques （electrogastrography, manornetry, electromyography, functional ultrasonography, scintigraphy, etc.） are needed. There is a low correlation between the degree of skeletal muscle involvement and the presence and severity of gastrointestinal disturbances whereas a positive correlation with the duration of the skeletal muscle disease has been reported. The drugs recommended for treating the gastrointestinal complaints such as prokinetic, antidyspeptic drugs and laxatives, are mainly aimed at correcting the motility disorders. Gastrointestinal involvement in MD remains a complex and intriguing condition since many important problems are still unsolved. Further studies concentrating on genetic aspects, early diagnostic techniques and the development of new therapeutic strategies are needed to improve our management of the gastrointestinal manifestations of MD.

关键词： Myotonic dystrophy Digestive disorders Gastrointestinal symptoms