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To explore patients’ perceptions about motivators and barriers of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV: A qualitative study

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2023年第4期5卷 256-265页

作者： Sonia GULATI Hariprasath PANDURANGAN Pulin kumar gupta Department of Health and Allied Sciences Amity College of NursingAmity UniversityGurugramHaryanaIndia Department of Medicine Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr.Ram Manohar Lohia HospitalNew DelhiIndia

Objective:For people living with HIV(PLHIV),strict adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)is the key to effective treatment and retention in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)care.There are many factors which promote or halt the antiretroviral therapy(ART)adherence practices.Therefore,the present study aimed to examine the HAART adherence levels and to explore patients’views about barriers and facilitators to HIV treatment adherence.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 15 PLHIV at the ART clinic of Dr.Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital,New Delhi.Interviews were audio-recorded in the local Hindi language,and bilingual experts(English and Hindi)transcribed verbatim.Qualitative data were coded for themes and subthemes and analyzed using a phenomenological approach as per thematic content analysis.Results:Feeling of hopelessness,delayed ART initiation,difficult initial phase of ART,forget to take ART on time,fear of disclosure of HIV diagnosis,lack of privacy and negative social support,and impact of lockdown due to COVID-19 were revealed as significant barriers to ART adherence.At the same time,commitment to raise and educate children,ART to increase life span,maintain oneself to be physically fit and healthy,only a single pill per day,very supportive counselors and health-care professionals,and hope to give birth to a healthy child were identified as facilitators of HIV retention.Conclusion:Understanding patient’s perception about ART adherence,its motivational and barrier factors which are directly affecting ART adherence and retention of PLHIV in HIV treatment and follow-ups are of utmost importance to improve ART adherence during HIV patient care services.

关键词： Adherence barriers highly active antiretroviral therapy human immunodeficiency virus motivators perceptions

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A review on current status of municipal solid waste management in India

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 206-217页

作者： Neha gupta Krishna kumar Yadav Vinit kumar Institute of Environment and Development Studies Bundelkhand University

Municipal solid waste management is a major environmental issue in India. Due to rapid increase in urbanization, industrialization and population, the generation rate of municipal solid waste in Indian cities and towns is also increased. Mismanagement of municipal solid waste can cause adverse environmental impacts, public health risk and other socio-economic problem. This paper presents an overview of current status of solid waste management in India which can help the competent authorities responsible for municipal solid waste management and researchers to prepare more efficient plans.

关键词： Municipal solid waste Characteristic Management India Disposal

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Diabetes mellitus as a consequence of acute severe pancreatitis:Unraveling the mystery

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第8期14卷 1212-1225页

作者： Manish Manrai Anupam K Singh Chhagan Lal Birda Jimil Shah Aditya Dutta sanjay kumar Bhadada Rakesh Kochhar Department of Internal Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePune 411040MaharashtraIndia Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Gastroenterology All India Institutes of Medical SciencesJodhpur 342001India Department of Endocrinology Max HospitalNew Delhi 110017India Department of Endocrinology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

The occurrence of diabetes mellitus(DM)in pancreatitis is being increasingly recognized lately.Diabetes can develop not only with chronic pancreatitis but even after the first episode of acute pancreatitis(AP).The incidence of diabetes after AP varies from 18%to 23%in 3 years and reaches up to 40%over 5 years.The exact pathogenesis of diabetes after AP is poorly understood and various mechanisms proposed include loss of islet cell mass,AP-induced autoimmunity,and alterations in the insulin incretin axis.Risk factors associated with increased risk of diabetes includes male sex,recurrent attacks of pancreatitis,presence of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and level of pancreatitic necrosis.Diagnosis of post-pancreatitis DM(PPDM)is often excluded.Treatment includes a trial of oral antidiabetic drugs in mild diabetes.Often,insulin is required in uncontrolled diabetes.Given the lack of awareness of this metabolic disorder after AP,this review will evaluate current information on epidemiology,risk factors,diagnosis and management of PPDM and identify the knowledge gaps.

关键词： Post-pancreatitis diabetes Diabetes of exogenous pancreas Endocrine insufficiency Acute pancreatitis Post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus

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Effect of rare earth(Nd^(3+))metal doping on structural,morphological,optical and magnetic traits of Zn-Mg nano-ferrites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第11期41卷 1763-1770,I0004页

作者： Rohit Jasrotia Nisha kumari Ritesh Verma Suman Sachin kumar Godara Jahangeer Ahmed Saad M.Alshehri Bidhan Pandit sanjay kumar Himanshi Shubham Sharma Kirti Pradip K.Maji School of Physics&Materials Science Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management SciencesSolanHimachal Pradesh173229India Himalayan Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology Shoolini UniversityBajholSolanH.P173229India Department of Physics Baddi University of Emerging Science and TechnologyMakhnumajraBaddiHimachal Pradesh173205India Department of Physics Amity University HaryanaGururgram122413India Department of Mathematics School of Basic and Applied SciencesMaharaja Agrasen UniversityBaddiH.P174103India Department of Apparel and Textile Technology Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar143005India Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering Universidad Carlos III de MadridAvenida de la Universidad 3028911LeganésMadridSpain School of Advanced Chemical Sciences Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management SciencesSolanHimachal Pradesh173229India Dept.of Polymer&Process Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeSaharanpurUttar Pradesh247001India

Herein,we report the synthesis of Zn_(0.7)Mg_(0.3)Nd_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)(where,x=0,0,0,01,0,02)ferrite nanoparticles by employing the sol-gel auto-combustion technique.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)pattern suggests the formation of a pure cubic structure,without any impurity phase,with an Fd3m space group at room temperature.With increasing doping amount,the crystallite size is reported as 35-41 nm,while the lattice parameters rise from 0.8381 to 0.8395 nm.Field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)images show the formation of spherical grains with agglomerated morphology in all the samples,with grain sizes ranging from 49 to 103 nm.Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)and elemental mapping investigation confirm the chemical purity of all the samples.Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)analysis shows the presence of two prominent peaks around 440 and 560 cm^(-1)that correspond to the octahedral and tetrahedral positions.In addition,the existence of five Raman active vibratio nal modes in all produced specimens again confirms the structural purity of all the samples.The M-H curve shows that saturation magnetization(M_(s))first increases from 14.98 to 28.22 emu/g and then decreases to 18.98emu/g with increasing doping amount.This is due to the A-B type super-exchange interaction for the synthesized samples.The variation in coercivity(H_(c))and magnetic anisotropy(K_(1))suggest the thermal stability of all the samples and can be utilized in transformers and solenoids.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticles Saturation magnetization Sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis Super-exchange interaction Cubic crystal structure Rare earths

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Synthesis, Characterization and Remedial Action of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles and Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticles against Bacterial Pathogens

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第12期10卷 3093-3105页

作者： Piyush kumar gupta D.Karthik kumar M.Thaveena Soumya Pandit Somya Sinha R.Ranjithkumar Walaa F.Alsanie Vijay kumar Thakur Department of Life Sciences School of Basic Sciences and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater Noida201310Uttar PradeshIndia Viyen Biotech LLP CoimbatoreTamil Nadu641031India Department of Biotechnology Kongunadu Arts and Science CollegeCoimbatoreTamil Nadu641029India Department of Biotechnology Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradunUttarakhand248002India Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences The Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center SRUCEdinburghEH93JGUK Department of Mechanical Engineering School of EngineeringShiv Nadar UniversityNoidaGreater Noida201314India School of Engineering University of Petroleum&Energy Studies(UPES)DehradunUttarakhand248007India

Custard apple is a dry land fruit.Its leaves exhibit different pharmacological activities.In the present study,both silver(Ag)nanoparticles and chitosan-coated Ag(Chi-Ag)nanoparticles were fabricated using the aqueous leaf extract of the custard apple plant.During preliminary phytochemical analysis,various types of phytocompounds were found in the aqueous leaf extract of the same plant.Next,both nanoparticles were physiochemically characterized.FTIR analysis exhibited the fingerprint vibrational peaks of active bioactive compounds in plant extract,Ag nanoparticles,and Chi-Ag nanoparticles.UV/Visible spectral analysis revealed the highest absorbance peak at 419 nm,indicating the presence of Ag nanoparticles.XRD analysis presented the face-centered cubic(FCC)structure of both prepared nanomaterials.Further,the average crystalline size of both Ag nanoparticles and Chi-Ag nanoparticles was calculated to be 23 and 74 nm,respectively.FESEM analysis showed the spherical and cubical shapes of Ag nanoparticles and Chi-Ag nanoparticles,respectively.EDS analysis indicated a peak around 3.29 keV,conforming to the binding energies of Ag ions.The biogenic nanomaterial also showed strong antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial pathogens.

关键词： Custard apple chitosan Ag nanoparticles Chi-Ag nanoparticles antibacterial

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Systematic review with expert consensus on use of extracorporeal hemoadsorption in septic shock:An Indian perspective

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 65-75页

作者： Yatin Mehta Abdul Samad Ansari Amit kumar Mandal Dipanjan Chatterjee Gauri Shankar Sharma Prachee Sathe Purvesh V Umraniya Rajib Paul Sachin gupta Vinod Singh Yogendra Pal Singh Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology Medanta The MedicityGurgaon 122001HaryanaIndia Department of Critical Care Nanavati Max Super Specialty HospitalMumbai 400065India Department of Pulmonology Sleep and Critical CareFortis HospitalMohaliPunjabMohali 160062PunjabIndia Department of Cardio-Puimonary Critical Care Medica Superspecialty HospitalKolkata 700099India Department of Critical Care Medicine Fortis HospitalNew Delhi 110070India Department of Critical Care Medicine D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeSant Tukaram NagarPimpri ColonyPimpri-ChinchwadPune 411018India Department of Critical Care Medicine Bhailal Amin General HospitalVadodara 390003GujaratIndia Department of Internal Medicine Apollo HospitalsJubilee HillsHyderabad 500033India Department of Anaesthesiology Narayana Superspeciality HospitalGurugram 122002India Department of Critical Care Medicine Institute of Critical Care MedicineHospital Name-Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew Delhi 110001India Department of Critical Care Medicine Max Super Speciality HospitalDelhi 110092India

BACKGROUND Septic shock is a severe form of sepsis characterised by deterioration in circulatory and cellular-metabolic parameters.Despite standard therapy,the outcomes are poor.Newer adjuvant therapy,such as CytoSorb®extracorporeal haemoadsorption device,has been investigated and shown promising outcome.However,there is a lack of some guidance to make clinical decisions on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption as an adjuvant therapy in septic shock in Indian Setting.Therefore,this expert consensus was formulated.AIM To formulate/establish specific consensus statements on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption treatment based on the best available evidence and contextualised to the Indian scenario.METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature on CytoSorb®haemoadsorption in sepsis,septic shock in PubMed selecting papers published between January 2011 and March 20232021 in English language.The statements for a consensus document were developed based on the summarised literature analysis and identification of knowledge gaps.Using a modified Delphi approach combining evidence appraisal and expert opinion,the following topics related to CytoSorb®in septic shock were addressed:need for adjuvant therapy,initiation timeline,need for Interleukin-6 levels,duration of therapy,change of adsorbers,safety,prerequisite condition,efficacy endpoints and management flowchart.Eleven expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and voted on nine statements and one open-ended question.RESULTS Eleven expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and voted on nine statements and one open-ended question.All 11 experts in the consensus group(100%)participated in the first,second and third round of voting.After three iterative voting rounds and adapting two statements,consensus was achieved on nine statements out of nine statements.The consensus expert panel also recognised the necessity to form an association or society that can keep a registry regarding

关键词： Consensus CytoSorb Cytokine Hemoadsorption Refractory Sepsis Septic shock

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Support Vector Machine Based Handwritten Hindi Character Recognition and Summarization

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第10期43卷 397-412页

作者： Sunil Dhankhar Mukesh kumar gupta Fida Hussain Memon Surbhi Bhatia Pankaj Dadheech Arwa Mashat Department of Computer Science&Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of TechnologyManagement&GramothanJaipurRajasthan302017India Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversityPakistan Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju63243Korea Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversitySaudi Arabia Faculty of Computing&Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityRabigh21911Saudi Arabia

In today’s digital era,the text may be in form of images.This research aims to deal with the problem by recognizing such text and utilizing the support vector machine(SVM).A lot of work has been done on the English language for handwritten character recognition but very less work on the under-resourced Hindi language.A method is developed for identifying Hindi language characters that use morphology,edge detection,histograms of oriented gradients(HOG),and SVM classes for summary creation.SVM rank employs the summary to extract essential phrases based on paragraph position,phrase position,numerical data,inverted comma,sentence length,and keywords features.The primary goal of the SVM optimization function is to reduce the number of features by eliminating unnecessary and redundant features.The second goal is to maintain or improve the classification system’s performance.The experiment included news articles from various genres,such as Bollywood,politics,and sports.The proposed method’s accuracy for Hindi character recognition is 96.97%,which is good compared with baseline approaches,and system-generated summaries are compared to human summaries.The evaluated results show a precision of 72%at a compression ratio of 50%and a precision of 60%at a compression ratio of 25%,in comparison to state-of-the-art methods,this is a decent result.

关键词： Support vector machine(SVM) optimization precision Hindi character recognition optical character recognition(OCR) automatic summarization and compression ratio

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A phase II study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by organ preservation in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第3期9卷 318-328页

作者： Chinna Babu Dracham Narendra kumar Santosh kumar Arun Elangovan Budhi Singh Yadav Ravimohan S.Mavuduru Anupam Lal Pramod K.gupta Rakesh Kapoor Department of Radiotherapy&Oncology PGIMERChandigarhIndia Department of Urology PGIMERChandigarhIndia Department of Radiodiagnosis PGIMERChandigarhIndia Department of Biostatistics PGIMERChandigarhIndia

Objective:Conservative approaches in muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)have been evolved to avoid aggressive surgery,but are limited to elderly,frail,and patients medically unfit for surgery.Our study aimed to assess the response rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)before radiotherapy(RT)in MIBC patients.Methods:Forty patients with urothelial carcinoma of stage T2-T4a,N0,M0 were enrolled between November 2013 and November 2015,and treated with three cycles of NACT with gemcitabine-cisplatin.Post-NACT response was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(RECIST)criteria.Patients who achieved complete response(CR)and partial response(PR)>50%were treated with radical RT,and those who had PR50%or CR,and were treated with RT.Five(12.5%)patients who had PR<50%,SD,or PD underwent RC.All patients who received radiation showed CR after 6 weeks.Median follow-up was 43 months(range:10-66 months)and median overall survival(OS)was not reached.Three-year OS,local control,and disease-free survival were 70.1%,60.9%,50.6%,respectively,and 50%of patients preserved their functioning bladder.Three-year OS rate was 88.9%in patients who achieved CR to NACT,73.1%in patients with PR≥50%and 40%in patients with PR<50%.Conclusion:NACT followed by RT provides a high probability of local response with bladder preservation in CR patients.Appropriate use of this treatment regimen in carefully selected patients may omit the need for morbid surgery.

关键词： Bladder preservation Neoadjuvant chemotherapy Radiotherapy Muscle-invasive bladder cancer

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化学反应对粗糙边界和被动控制微极性纳米流体热稳定性的影响:神经网络

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Journal of Central South University 2023年第5期30卷 1581-1600页

作者： gupta Vishal RANA Puneet kumar Lokendra Department of Mathematics Jaypee Institute of Information TechnologyNoida 201309India School of Mathematical Sciences College of ScienceMathematics and TechnologyWenzhou-Kean UniversityWenzhou 325060China

本文在无通量和粗糙边界的情况下演示了化学反应对微极性纳米流体中热对流初始状态的影响。本研究应用Saffman界面条件求解粗糙边界。考虑在许多工业应用中具有重要作用的微极性非牛顿纳米流体。对于线性稳定性,利用正态模态技术(NMT)... 详细信息

本文在无通量和粗糙边界的情况下演示了化学反应对微极性纳米流体中热对流初始状态的影响。本研究应用Saffman界面条件求解粗糙边界。考虑在许多工业应用中具有重要作用的微极性非牛顿纳米流体。对于线性稳定性,利用正态模态技术(NMT)将控制系统的偏微分方程(PDE)转化为特征值问题(EVP),并采用基于有限差分的三阶段LobattoⅢa方法进行数值求解。发现对流的主要模式是静止模式。增加纳米流体中热流通量与自旋霍尔效应的耦合系数(δ)、自旋霍尔效应与涡度的耦合系数(K)、粗糙度参数(λ_(1),λ_(2))、化学反应参数(Cr)、修正扩散比(NA)和微极性参数(A)的取值,可以降低对流,从而稳定系统。然后,在81个数据点的基础上,利用嵌入多人感知的人工神经网络(ANN)确定四个控制参数与Rayleigh临界数之间的关系。

关键词：纳米流体 Rayleigh-Benard对流 FDM法粗糙表面化学反应神经计算

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Resistance to second generation antiandrogens in prostate cancer: pathways and mechanisms

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第4期3卷 742-761页

作者： Shiv Verma kumari Sunita Prajapati Prem Prakash Kushwaha Mohd Shuaib Atul kumar Singh Shashank kumar sanjay gupta Department of Urology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA The Urology Institute University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandOH 44106USA School of Basic and Applied Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Microbial SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathinda 151001India Department of Nutrition Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Divison of General Medical Sciences Case Comprehensive Cancer CenterClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Urology Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical CenterClevelandOH 44106USA

Androgen deprivation therapy targeting the androgens/androgen receptor(AR)signaling continues to be the mainstay treatment of advanced-stage prostate cancer.The use of second-generation antiandrogens,such as abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide,has improved the survival of prostate cancer patients;however,a majority of these patients progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC).The mechanisms of resistance to antiandrogen treatments are complex,including specific mutations,alternative splicing,and amplification of oncogenic proteins resulting in dysregulation of various signaling pathways.In this review,we focus on the major mechanisms of acquired resistance to second generation antiandrogens,including AR-dependent and AR-independent resistance mechanisms as well as other resistance mechanisms leading to CRPC emergence.Evolving knowledge of resistance mechanisms to AR targeted treatments will lead to additional research on designing more effective therapies for advanced-stage prostate cancer.

关键词： Prostate cancer second-generation antiandrogens androgen receptor castration resistance prostate cancer

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