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Responses of calcareous sand foundations to variations of groundwater table and applied loads

Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 1266-1279页

作者： Dingfeng Cao sanjay Kumar Shukla Linqing Yang Chengchao Guo Jinghong Wu Fuming Wang School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519082China Discipline of Civil and Environmental Engineering School of EngineeringEdith Cowan UniversityPerth6027Australia School of Architectural Engineering Guangzhou Institute of Science and TechnologyGuangzhou510540China School of Civil Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou215011China

The long-term settlement of calcareous sand foundations caused by daily periodic fluctuations has become a significant geological hazard,but effective monitoring tools to capture the deformation profiles are still rarely *** this study,a laboratory model test and an in situ monitoring test were *** optical frequency domain reflectometer(OFDR)with high spatial resolution(1 mm)and high accuracy(10-6)was used to record the soil strain responses to groundwater table and varied *** results indicated that the fiber-optic measurements can accurately locate the swelling and compressive *** the loading process,the interlock between calcareous sand particles was detected,which increased the internal friction angle of *** foundation deformation above the sliding surface was dominated by compression,and the soil was continuously compressed beneath the sliding *** 26e48 h,calcareous sand swelling occurred gradually above the water table,which was primarily dependent on capillary *** swelling of the soil beneath the groundwater table was completed rapidly within less than 2 *** the groundwater table and load remain constant,the compression creep behavior can be described by the Yasong-Wang model with R2¼*** daily periodically varying in situ deformation of calcareous sand primarily occurs between the highest and lowest groundwater tables,i.e.4.2e6.2 m *** tuff interlayers with poor water absorption capacity do not swell or compress,but they produce compressive strain under the influence of deformed calcareous sand layers.

关键词： Distributed fiber optic sensing(DFOS) Calcareous sand Optical fiber Optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR) Soil foundation settlement

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Doppler’s Effect, Gravity and Cosmology

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Journal of modern Physics 2013年第8期4卷 102-104页

作者： sanjay m. Wagh Central India Research Institute Nagpur India

We first show that Doppler’s effect implies that the time runs identically in the frames of reference of the source of light and the observer. Furthermore, we then show that the frequency shift due to the (assumed) expansion of space, if any, is “indistinguishable” from that due to the motion of the source with respect to the observer;and that the shift does not depend on the distance to the source. Observed frequency shifts of cosmological sources then need to be interpreted as being only due to their motions with respect to us. This has important implications for our ideas in cosmology.

关键词： Dopper’s Effect Implications for Theory of Gravity Cosmology

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High-flow nasal oxygen availability for sedation decreases the use of general anesthesia during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第47期22卷 10398-10405页

作者： Roman Schumann Nikola S Natov Klifford A Rocuts-martinez matthew D Finkelman Tom V Phan sanjay R Hegde Robert m Knapp Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine Tufts Medical CenterBoston MA 02111United States The Gastroenterology/Hepatology Division Tufts Medical CenterBoston MA 02111United States Critical Care medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical CenterLebanon NH 03756 United States Tufts University School of Dental medicine Boston MA 02111United States Tufts University School of medicine Boston MA 02111United States

AIm To examine whether high-flow nasal oxygen(HFNO) availability influences the use of general anesthesia(GA) in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) and associated *** In this retrospective study, patients were stratified into 3 eras between October 1, 2013 and June 30, 2014 based on HFNO availability for deep sedation at the time of their endoscopy. During the first and last 3-mo eras(era 1 and 3), no HFNO was available, whereas it was an option during the second 3-mo era(era 2). The primary outcome was the percent utilization of GA vs deep sedation in each period. Secondary outcomes included oxygen saturation nadir during sedation between periods, as well as procedure duration, and anesthesia-only time between periods and for GA vs sedation cases *** During the study period 238 ERCP or EUS cases were identified for analysis. Statistical testing was employed and a P multiple comparisons was used. General anesthesia use was significantly lower in era 2 compared to era 1 with the same trend between era 2 and 3(P = 0.012 and 0.045 respectively). The oxygen saturation nadir during sedation was significantly higher in era 2 compared to era 3(P me within each era was significantly longer under GA compared to deep sedation(P ≤ 0.007) as was the anesthesia-only time(P ≤ 0.001).CONCLUSION High-flow nasal oxygen availability was associated with decreased GA utilization and improved oxygenation for ERCP and EUS during sedation.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopy Sedation Anesthesia Oxygenation High flow nasal oxygen

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Amaranthus roxburghianus root extract in combination with piperine as a potential treatment of ulcerative colitis in mice

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2013年第3期11卷 206-212页

作者： Sunil A.Nirmal Jayashri m.Ingale Shashikant R.Pattan sanjay B.Bhawar Department of Pharmacognosy Pravara Rural College of PharmacyLoni 413736MaharashtraIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pravara Rural College of PharmacyLoni 413736MaharashtraIndia Department of Pharmacology Pravara Rural College of PharmacyLoni 413736MaharashtraIndia

OBJECTIVE： The present work was undertaken to determine the effects of Amaranthus roxburghianus Nevski. （Amaranthaceae） root alone and in combination with piperine in treating ulcerative colitis （UC） in mice. mETHODS： Swiss albino mice were divided into seven groups （n = 6）. Standard group received prednisolone （5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally）. Treatment groups received hydroalcoholic extract of roots of A. roxburghianus （50 and 100 mg/kg, per oral） and a combination of hydroalcoholic extract of roots of A. roxburghianus （50 and 100 mg/kg, per oral） and piperine （5 mg/kg, per oral）. Ulcer index, colitis severity, myeloperoxidase （mPO）, malondialdehyde and glutathione were estimated from blood and tissue. Column chromatography of the extract was done and purified fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy （GC-mS）. RESULTS： Treatment with the combination of hydroalcoholic extract of A. roxburghianus and piperine showed minimal ulceration, hemorrhage, necrosis and leucocyte infiltration by histopathological observation. Acetic acid increased mPO levels in blood and colon tissue to 355 U/mL and 385 U/mg, respectively. The combination of hydroalcoholic extract of A. roxburghianus （100 mg/kg） and piperine （5 mg/kg） significantly decreased mPO in blood and tissue to 182 U/mL and 193 U/mg, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. Similarly, this combination significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels and increased glutathione levels in blood and tissue. Various phytoconstituents were detected by GC-mS. CONCLUSION： The combination of hydroalcoholic extract of A. roxburghianus and piperine is effective in the treatment of UC and the effects are comparable with the standard drug prednisolone. 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl, eugenol and benzene, and 1-（1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl）-4-methyl are reported having analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties; they may play a role in the biological activity of A. roxburghianus root.

关键词： Amaranthus plant extracts ulcerative colitis myeloperoxidase malondialdehyde glutathione mice

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A framework to evaluate whether to pool or separate behaviors in a multilayer network

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 101-111页

作者： Annemarie VAN DER mAREL sanjay PRASHER Chelsea CARmINITO Claire L.O'CONNELL Alexa PHILLIPS Bryan m.KLUEVER Elizabeth A.HOBSON Department of Biological Sciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH45221USA United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterFlorida Field StationGainesvilleFL32641USA

A multilayer network approach combines different network layers,which are connected by interlayer edges,to create a single mathematical *** networks can contain a variety of information types and represent different aspects of a ***,the process for selecting which information to include is not always *** data on 2 agonistic behaviors in a captive population of monk parakeets(myiopsitta monachus),we developed a framework for investigating how pooling or splitting behaviors at the scale of dyadic relationships(between 2 individuals)affects individual-and group-level social *** designed 2 reference models to test whether randomizing the number of interactions across behavior types results in similar structural patterns as the observed *** the behaviors were correlated,the first reference model suggests that the 2 behaviors convey different information about some social properties and should therefore not be ***,once we controlled for data sparsity,we found that the observed measures corresponded with those from the second reference ***,our initial result may have been due to the unequal frequencies of each ***,our findings support pooling the 2 *** of how selected measurements can be affected by data properties is warranted,but nonetheless our framework disentangles these efforts and as a result can be used for myriad types of behaviors and *** framework will help researchers make informed and data-driven decisions about which behaviors to pool or separate,prior to using the data in subsequent multilayer network analyses.

关键词： behavioral interactions monk parakeet myiopsitta monachus network analysis social context social relationships

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multiyear Observations of Deposition-mode Ice Nucleating Particles at Two High-Altitude Stations in India

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第12期34卷 1437-1446页

作者： Sandeep D.WAGH Baban NAGARE sanjay D.mORE P.Pradeep KUmAR Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences Savitribai Phule Pune University Indian Institute of Tropical meteorology Pashan Skymet Weather Services Pvt Ltd.

Ice nucleating particle(INP) measurements were made at two high-altitude stations in India. Aerosols collected on filter paper at Girawali Observatory, Inter University Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics(IGO), and at the Radio Astronomy Center, Ooty(RAC), were activated in deposition mode using a thermal gradient diffusion chamber to determine the INP concentrations. The measurement campaigns at IGO were conducted during 2011, 2013 and 2014, and at RAC during 2013 and 2014. When the aerosol samples were exposed to an ice supersaturation of between 5% and 23% in the temperature range-17.6?C to-22?C, the maximum INP number concentration at IGO and RAC was 1.0 L-1and 1.6 L-1, respectively.A maximum correlation coefficient of 0.76 was observed between the INP number concentration and ice supersaturation. The airmass trajectories analyzed for the measurement campaigns showed that the Arabian Desert and arid regions were the main INP contributors. Elemental analysis of particles showed the presence of Na, Cl, Si, Al, Fe, Cu, Co, Cd, S, mn and K, as well as some rare-Earth elements like mo, Ru, La, Ce, V and Zr. When aerosols in the size range 0.5–20 μm were considered, the fraction that acted as INPs was 1 : 104to 1 : 106at IGO, and 1 : 103to 1 : 104at RAC. The higher ratio of INPs to aerosols at RAC than IGO may be attributable to the presence of rare-Earth elements observed in the aerosol samples at RAC, which were absent at IGO.

关键词： ice nuclei diffusion chamber aerosol high-altitude observation

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Effect of rare earth(Nd^(3+))metal doping on structural,morphological,optical and magnetic traits of Zn-mg nano-ferrites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第11期41卷 1763-1770,I0004页

作者： Rohit Jasrotia Nisha Kumari Ritesh Verma Suman Sachin Kumar Godara Jahangeer Ahmed Saad m.Alshehri Bidhan Pandit sanjay Kumar Himanshi Shubham Sharma Kirti Pradip K.maji School of Physics&materials Science Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management SciencesSolanHimachal Pradesh173229India Himalayan Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology Shoolini UniversityBajholSolanH.P173229India Department of Physics Baddi University of Emerging Science and TechnologyMakhnumajraBaddiHimachal Pradesh173205India Department of Physics Amity University HaryanaGururgram122413India Department of mathematics School of Basic and Applied SciencesMaharaja Agrasen UniversityBaddiH.P174103India Department of Apparel and Textile Technology Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar143005India Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering Universidad Carlos III de MadridAvenida de la Universidad 3028911LeganésMadridSpain School of Advanced Chemical Sciences Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management SciencesSolanHimachal Pradesh173229India Dept.of Polymer&Process Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeSaharanpurUttar Pradesh247001India

Herein,we report the synthesis of Zn_(0.7)mg_(0.3)Nd_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)(where,x=0,0,0,01,0,02)ferrite nanoparticles by employing the sol-gel auto-combustion *** X-ray diffraction(XRD)pattern suggests the formation of a pure cubic structure,without any impurity phase,with an Fd3m space group at room *** increasing doping amount,the crystallite size is reported as 35-41 nm,while the lattice parameters rise from 0.8381 to 0.8395 *** emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEm)images show the formation of spherical grains with agglomerated morphology in all the samples,with grain sizes ranging from 49 to 103 *** dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX)and elemental mapping investigation confirm the chemical purity of all the *** transform infrared(FTIR)analysis shows the presence of two prominent peaks around 440 and 560 cm^(-1)that correspond to the octahedral and tetrahedral *** addition,the existence of five Raman active vibratio nal modes in all produced specimens again confirms the structural purity of all the *** m-H curve shows that saturation magnetization(m_(s))first increases from 14.98 to 28.22 emu/g and then decreases to 18.98emu/g with increasing doping *** is due to the A-B type super-exchange interaction for the synthesized *** variation in coercivity(H_(c))and magnetic anisotropy(K_(1))suggest the thermal stability of all the samples and can be utilized in transformers and solenoids.

关键词： magnetic nanoparticles Saturation magnetization Sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis Super-exchange interaction Cubic crystal structure Rare earths

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Population structure and regeneration patterns of tree species in climate-sensitive subalpine forests of Indian western Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 343-349页

作者： sanjay Gairola R. S. Rawal N. P. Todaria Arvind Bhatt School of Agricultural Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville Campus G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Department of Forestry and Natural Resources H.N.B. Garhwal University School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalWestville Campus

The population structure of tree species has been explored in order to elucidate regeneration potential of the subalpine forests of Indian western Himalaya. For this study, the subalpine forest area was divided into three strata, i.e., lower altitude （〈3000 m）; mid-altitude （3000-3200 m）; and high altitude （〉3200m）. Considering the major compositional attributes, an increase in altitude came with a significant decline in tree density and the total basal area for all the sites. However, no such clear trends were observed for recruits （i.e., seedlings and saplings）. Seedling density did not exhibit uniform patterns for sites and altitude strata. In general, overall seedling density was greater at the Pindari site compared to the Lata and Tungnath sites. By comparison, significant variation in seedling density along the altitude strata was recorded for the Tungnath and Pindari sites only. Likewise, sapling density patterns varied across the sites and altitude strata, and significant variation in sapling density along the altitude strata was recorded only for the Lata site. At the Pin- daft site, the continuous increase in sapling density along with increasing altitude was revealing. The Pindari forests of exhibited expanding population structure. In contrast, greater accumulation of individuals in the sapling class and sharp decline toward both higher tree classes and lower seedling classes was generally apparent for the Lata and Tungnath sites. This indicates that the replacement in tree size classes from sapling stage is not proportional and the population may decline in the long-term. Considerable variation in patterns of forest and dominant species popula- tion structure were evident across altitude strata. But in all cases irrespective of sites, we found growth at the high-altitude stratum, in the form of entire forests or dominant species. This trend deserves further investigation to explore its relevance under changing climate scenarios.

关键词： population structure regeneration subalpine forest altitude

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Above and below ground organic carbon stocks in a sub-tropical Pinus roxburghii Sargent forest of the Garhwal Himalayas

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Forestry Studies in China 2012年第3期14卷 205-209页

作者： mehraj A.SHEIKH sanjay KUmAR munesh KUmAR Department of Forestry and Natural Resources H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar(Garhwal)Uttarakhand 246174India

Accurate estimates of tree carbon, forest floor carbon and organic carbon in forest soils （SOC） are important in order to determine their contribution to global carbon （C） stocks. However, information about these carbon stocks is lacking. Some studies have investigated regional and continental scale patterns of carbon stocks in forest ecosystems; however, the changes in C storage in dif- ferent components （vegetation, forest floor and soil） as a function of elevation in forest ecosystems remain poorly understood. In this study, we estimate C stocks of vegetation, forest floor and soils of a Pinus roxburghii Sargent forest in the Garhwal Himalayas along a gradient to quantify changes in carbon stock due to differences in elevation at three sites. The biomass of the vegetation changes drastically with increasing elevation among the three sites. The above-ground biomass （AGB） and below-ground biomass （BGB） were highest at site I （184.46 and 46.386 t·ha^-1 respectively） at an elevation of 1300 m followed by site II （173.99 and 44.057 t·ha^-1 AGB and BGB respectively） at 1400 m and the lowest AGB and BGB were estimated at site III （161.72 and 41.301t·ha^-1） at 1500 m. The trend for SOC stock was similar to that of biomass. Our results suggest that carbon storage （in both soil and biomass） is nega- tively correlated with elevation.

关键词： biomass carbon organic carbon stock in soils sub-tropical region Himalayas

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Role of live microbial feed supplements with reference to anaerobic fungi in ruminant productivity: A review

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第3期14卷 550-560页

作者： Anil K Puniya Abdelfattah Z m Salem sanjay Kumar Sumit S Dagar Gareth W Griffith monica Puniya Sreenivas R Ravella Nikhil Kumar Tejpal Dhewa Ravinder Kumar Dairy microbiology Division National Dairy Research Institute Faculy of Veterinary medicine and Animal Science Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Department of Clinical Studies School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania microbial Science Division Agharkar Research Institute Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences Aberystwyth University Department of microbiology Bhaskarcharya College of Applied Sciences University of Delhi

To keep the concept of a safe food supply to the consumers, animal feed industries world over are showing an increasing interest in the direct-fed microbials（DFm） for improved animal performance in terms of growth or productivity. This becomes all the more essential in a situation, where a number of the residues of antibiotics and/or other growth stimulants reach in milk and meat with a number of associated potential risks for the consumers. Hence, in the absence of growth stimulants, a positive manipulation of the rumen microbial ecosystem to enhance the feedstuff utilization for improved production efficiency by ruminants has become of much interest to the researchers and entrepreneurs. A few genera of live microbes（i.e., bacteria, fungi and yeasts in different types of formulations from paste to powder） are infrequently used as DFm for the domestic ruminants. These DFm products are live microbial feed supplements containing naturally occurring microbes in the rumen. Among different DFm possibilities, anaerobic rumen fungi（ARF） based additives have been found to improve ruminant productivity consistently during feeding trials. Administration of ARF during the few trials conducted, led to the increased weight gain, milk production, and total tract digestibility of feed components in ruminants. Anaerobic fungi in the rumen display very strong cell-wall degrading cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities through rhizoid development, resulting in the physical disruption of feed structure paving the way for bacterial action. Significant improvements in the fiber digestibility were found to coincide with increases in ARF in the rumen indicating their role. most of the researches based on DFm have indicated a positive response in nutrient digestion and methane reducing potential during in vivo and/or in vitro supplementation of ARF as DFm. Therefore, DFm especially ARF will gain popularity but it is necessary that all the strains are thoroughly studied for their beneficial

关键词： anaerobic rumen fungi bacterial DFm direct-fed microbials probiotics rumen

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