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Lipid phosphorylation by a diacylglycerol kinase suppresses ABA biosynthesis to regulate plant stress responses

Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 342-358页

作者： Jianwu Li Shuaibing Yao sang-Chul kim Xuemin Wang Department of Biology University of Missouri-St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63121USA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA

Lipid phosphorylation by diacylglycerol kinase(DGK)that produces phosphatidic acid(PA)plays important roles in various biological processes,including stress responses,but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.Here,we show that DGK5 and its lipid product PA suppress ABA biosynthesis by interacting withABA-DEFICIENT2(ABA2),a key ABA biosynthesis enzyme,to negatively modulate plant responseto abiotic stress tested in Arabidopsis thaliana.Loss of DGK5 function rendered plants less damaged,whereas overexpression(OE)of DGK5 enhanced plant damage to water and salt stress.The dgk5 mutant plants exhibited decreased total cellular and nuclear levels of PA with increased levels of diacylglycerol,whereas DGK5-OE plants displayed the opposite effect.Interestingly,we found that both DGK5 and PA bind to the ABA-synthesizing enzyme ABA2 and suppress its enzymatic activity.Consistently,the dgk5 mutant plants exhibited increased levels of ABA,while DGK5-OE plants showed reduced ABA levels.In addition,we showed that both DGK5 and ABA2 are detected in and outside the nuclei,and loss of DGK5 function decreased the nuclear association of ABA2.We found that both DGK5 activity and PA promote nuclear association of ABA2.Taken together,these results indicate that both DGK5 and PA interact with ABA2 to inhibit its enzymatic activity and promote its nuclear sequestration,thereby sup-pressing ABA production in response to abiotic stress.Our study reveals a sophisticated mechanism by which DGK5 and PA regulate plant stress responses.

关键词： diacylglycerol kinase phosphatidic acid diacylglycerol lipid signaling stress responses lipid-protein binding protein-protein interaction Arabidopsis

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Weighted Forwarding in Graph Convolution Networks for Recommendation Information Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1897-1914页

作者： sang-min Lee Namgi kim Department of Computer Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwonKorea

Recommendation Information Systems(RIS)are pivotal in helping users in swiftly locating desired content from the vast amount of information available on the Internet.Graph Convolution Network(GCN)algorithms have been employed to implement the RIS efficiently.However,the GCN algorithm faces limitations in terms of performance enhancement owing to the due to the embedding value-vanishing problem that occurs during the learning process.To address this issue,we propose a Weighted Forwarding method using the GCN(WF-GCN)algorithm.The proposed method involves multiplying the embedding results with different weights for each hop layer during graph learning.By applying the WF-GCN algorithm,which adjusts weights for each hop layer before forwarding to the next,nodes with many neighbors achieve higher embedding values.This approach facilitates the learning of more hop layers within the GCN framework.The efficacy of the WF-GCN was demonstrated through its application to various datasets.In the MovieLens dataset,the implementation of WF-GCN in LightGCN resulted in significant performance improvements,with recall and NDCG increasing by up to+163.64%and+132.04%,respectively.Similarly,in the Last.FM dataset,LightGCN using WF-GCN enhanced with WF-GCN showed substantial improvements,with the recall and NDCG metrics rising by up to+174.40%and+169.95%,respectively.Furthermore,the application of WF-GCN to Self-supervised Graph Learning(SGL)and Simple Graph Contrastive Learning(SimGCL)also demonstrated notable enhancements in both recall and NDCG across these datasets.

关键词： Deep learning graph neural network graph convolution network graph convolution network model learning method recommender information systems

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Integration of earth-abundant cocatalysts for high-performance photoelectrochemical energy conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 336-355,I0008页

作者： Joonhee Ma sang Hyun Ahn Soo Young kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Chung-Ang University84 Heukseok-roDongjak-guSeoul 06974Republic of Korea

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)energy conversion has emerged as a promising and efficient approach to sustainable energy harvesting and storage.By utilizing semiconductor photoelectrodes,PEC devices can harness solar energy and drive electrochemical reactions such as water splitting or carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction to generate clean fuels and value-added chemicals.However,PEC energy conversion faces several challenges such as high overpotential,sluggish reaction kinetics,charge carrier recombination,and stability issues,which limit its practical implementation.Recently,significant research has been conducted to improve the overall conversion efficiency of PEC devices.One particularly promising approach is the use of cocatalysts,which involves introducing specific cocatalysts onto the photoelectrode surface to promote charge separation,improve reaction kinetics,and reduce the overpotential,thereby enhancing the overall performance of PEC energy conversion.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in the earth-abundant cocatalysts for PEC water splitting and CO_(2) reduction.The main earth-abundant catalysts for the PEC water splitting include transition-metal dichalcogenide(TMD)-based materials,metal phosphides/carbides,and metal oxides/hydroxides.Meanwhile,PEC-CO_(2)RR was divided into C_(1) and C_(2+)based on the final product since various products could be produced,focusing on diverse earth-abundant materials-based cocatalysts.In addition,we provide and highlight key advancements achieved in the very recent reports on novel PEC system design engineering with cocatalysts.Finally,the current problems associated with PEC systems are discussed along with a suggested direction to overcome these obstacles.

关键词： Solar energy Photo-electrochemical Water splitting CO_(2)reduction Cocatalysts

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Defect Detection Model Using Time Series Data Augmentation and Transformation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1713-1730页

作者： gyu-Il kim Hyun Yoo Han-Jin Cho Kyungyong Chung Department of Computer Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Contents Convergence Software Research Institue Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Department of Energy IT Engineering Far East UniversityEumsung-gun27601Korea Division of AI Computer Science and Engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea

Time-series data provide important information in many fields,and their processing and analysis have been the focus of much research.However,detecting anomalies is very difficult due to data imbalance,temporal dependence,and noise.Therefore,methodologies for data augmentation and conversion of time series data into images for analysis have been studied.This paper proposes a fault detection model that uses time series data augmentation and transformation to address the problems of data imbalance,temporal dependence,and robustness to noise.The method of data augmentation is set as the addition of noise.It involves adding Gaussian noise,with the noise level set to 0.002,to maximize the generalization performance of the model.In addition,we use the Markov Transition Field(MTF)method to effectively visualize the dynamic transitions of the data while converting the time series data into images.It enables the identification of patterns in time series data and assists in capturing the sequential dependencies of the data.For anomaly detection,the PatchCore model is applied to show excellent performance,and the detected anomaly areas are represented as heat maps.It allows for the detection of anomalies,and by applying an anomaly map to the original image,it is possible to capture the areas where anomalies occur.The performance evaluation shows that both F1-score and Accuracy are high when time series data is converted to images.Additionally,when processed as images rather than as time series data,there was a significant reduction in both the size of the data and the training time.The proposed method can provide an important springboard for research in the field of anomaly detection using time series data.Besides,it helps solve problems such as analyzing complex patterns in data lightweight.

关键词： Defect detection time series deep learning data augmentation data transformation

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Health risks of pest control and disinfection workers after the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 350-363页

作者： Yun-Hee Choi Da-An Huh Lita kim sang ji Lee Kyong Whan Moon Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoul 02841South Korea BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoul 02841South Korea Institute of Sciences Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoul 02841South Korea Department of Health and Environmental Science Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoul 02841South Korea

The exposure patterns of pest control and disinfection workers have changed after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak,but the health risks of chemical exposure have not been assessed.We identified these workers’chemical exposure patterns and risks before and after the COVID-19 outbreak.We used data conducted between 2018(pre-pandemic)and 2021(post-pandemic)from three-year cross-sectional surveys on pest control and disinfection workers.Inhalation and dermal exposure concentrations were estimated using equations based on a biocidal product risk assessment model from the Korean National Institute of Environmental Research.The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of chemicals were calculated using the United States Environmental Protection Agency risk assessment model.We found that the annual work frequency(50^(th)percentile)of foggers using disinfectants increased the most among all the work types,from 140 uses/year to 176 uses/year after the COVID-19 outbreak.Moreover,all chemicals’non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks increased regardless of exposure routes.In the worst scenario(95^(th)percentile),the margin of exposure for citric acid,benzethonium chloride,benzyl-C12-16-alkyldimethyl chlorides,and sodium chlorite of inhalation exposure,and isopropyl alcohol and benzyl-C12-16-alkyldimethyl chlorides of dermal exposure were acceptable(>100)before the COVID-19outbreak but became unacceptable(10^(-6))before and after the COVID-19 outbreak but comparatively high after the COVID-19 outbreak.Additionally,significantly more workers experienced health symptoms after the COVID-19outbreak(p<0.05),with the most common being muscle lethargy(31%),skin/face stinging(28.7%),and breath shortness/neck pain(24.1%).

关键词： Biocide Disinfection Health risk assessment Occupational exposure Pest control

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TonEBP expression is essential in the IL-1β–induced migration and invasion of human A549 lung cancer cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 151-161页

作者： HEE JU SONG TAEHEE kim HAN NA CHOI SOO JIN kim sang DO LEE Department of Physiology School of MedicineChungnam National UniversityDaejeon35015Korea

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers,in part because it readily metastasizes.The tumor microenvironment,comprising blood vessels,fibroblasts,immune cells,and macrophages[including tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)],is closely related to cancer cell growth,migration,and invasion.TAMs secrete several cytokines,including interleukin(IL)-1β,which participate in cancer migration and invasion.p21-activated kinase 1(PAK1),an important signaling molecule,induces cell migration and invasion in several carcinomas.Tonicityresponsive enhancer-binding protein(TonEBP)is also known to participate in cancer cell growth,migration,and invasion.However,the mechanisms by which it increases lung cancer migration remain unclear.Therefore,in this study,we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which IL-1βand TonEBP affect lung cancer cell migration and invasion.We found that A549 cocultured-MΦ-secreted IL-1βinduced A549 cell migration and invasion via the PAK1 pathway.TonEBP deficiency reduced A549 cell migration and invasion and increased responsiveness to IL-1β–induced migration and invasion.PAK1 phosphorylation,which was promoted by IL-1β,was reduced when TonEBP was depleted.These results suggest that TonEBP plays an important role in IL-1βinduction and invasiveness of A549 cells via the PAK1 pathway.These findings could be valuable in identifying potential targets for lung cancer treatment.

关键词： Lung cancer TonEBP Tumor microenvironment Tumor-associated macrophage IL-1β

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Efficacy of adjuvant mitomycin-C and triamcinoloneimpregnated nasal packing for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 480-484页

作者： sang Yoon kim Christopher B Chambers Jung Hyo Ahn Department of Ophthalmology Pusan National University Yangsan HospitalPusan National University School of MedicineResearch Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyYangsanGyeongnam 50612Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Harborview Medical CenterUniversity of Washington MedicineSeattleWashington 98109USA

●AIM:To compare the success rate and complications of adjuvant use of mitomycin C and triamcinoloneimpregnated biodegradable nasal packing(TABP)in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).And to evaluate the efficacy of combining intraoperative mitomycin C and TABP for endoscopic DCR.●METHODS:A total of 198 eyes of 148 patients who underwent endoscopic DCR for acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction were retrospectively analysed.The patients were randomly divided into three groups:Group A included patients treated without intraoperative mitomycin C but with TABP,Group B included patients treated without triamcinolone but with intraoperative mitomycin C and normal saline-impregnated nasal packing,and Group C included patients treated with intraoperative mitomycin C and TABP.●RESULTS:The results revealed no significant difference in the overall success rates between Groups A(86.8%)and B(89.2%;P=0.377).However,Group C(97.5%)showed a significantly higher overall success rate than Groups A and B.The incidence of granulomas was significantly lower in group C(5%)than in Groups A(20.8%)and B(15.2%;P=0.009).Other complications,such as crust,synechiae,and revision surgery,did not differ significantly among the three groups.●CONCLUSION:The combination of intraoperative mitomycin C and TABP effectively prevents granulomas and enhances surgical success rate.Additionally,there is no statistically significant difference observed between the use of mitomycin C or TABP alone.

关键词： dacryocystorhinostomy endoscopic mitomycin C triamcinolone biodegradable

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Metabolic relationships between marine red algae and algae‑associated bacteria

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 298-314页

作者： Kyung Hyun kim Jeong Min kim Ju Hye Baek sang Eun Jeong Hocheol kim Hwan Su Yoon Che Ok Jeon Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Hannam UniversityDaejon 34054Republic of Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Mutualistic interactions between marine phototrophs and associated bacteria are an important strategy for their success-ful survival in the ocean,but little is known about their metabolic relationships.Here,bacterial communities in the algal sphere(AS)and bulk solution(BS)of nine marine red algal cultures were analyzed,and Roseibium and Phycisphaera were identified significantly more abundantly in AS than in BS.The metabolic features of Roseibium RMAR6-6(isolated and genome-sequenced),Phycisphaera MAG 12(obtained by metagenomic sequencing),and a marine red alga,Porphyridium purpureum CCMP1328(from GenBank),were analyzed bioinformatically.RMAR6-6 has the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce B vitamins(B1,B2,B5,B6,B9,and B12),bacterioferritin,dimethylsulfoniopropionate(DMSP),and phenylacetate that may enhance algal growth,whereas MAG 12 may have a limited metabolic capability,not producing vitamins B9 and B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophores,but with the ability to produce bacitracin,possibly modulating algal microbiome.P.purpureum CCMP1328 lacks the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce vitamin B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophore.It was shown that the nitrogen-fixing ability of RMAR6-6 promoted the growth of P.pur-pureum,and DMSP reduced the oxidative stress of P.purpureum.The metabolic interactions between strain RMAR6-6 and P.purpureum CCMP1328 were also investigated by the transcriptomic analyses of their monoculture and co-culture.Taken together,potential metabolic relationships between Roseibium and P.purpureum were proposed.This study provides a bet-ter understanding of the metabolic relationships between marine algae and algae-associated bacteria for successful growth.

关键词： Metabolic relationship Marine red algae Symbiotic bacteria Roseibium Phycisphaera Porphyridium

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Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons,motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1584-1592页

作者： Jong Mi Park Masoud Rahmati sang Chul Lee Jae Il Shin Yong Wook kim Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease itself.Stem cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of teratogenicity.We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal model.We searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,2023.The study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control groups.We use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the meta-analysis.Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational test.Among the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons.Subgro

关键词： animal animal experimentation mesenchymal stem cells models Parkinson’s disease stem cell transplantation

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Effect of organic mineral supplementation in reducing oxidative stress in Holstein calves during short‑term heat stress and recovery conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 812-825页

作者： A-Rang Son Seon-Ho kim Mahfuzul Islam Michelle Miguel Ye Pyae Naing sang-Suk Lee Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory Department of Animal Science and TechnologySunchon National UniversitySuncheon 57922Korea Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka 1207Bangladesh

Background This study investigated the effects of inorganic and organic minerals on physiological responses,oxidative stress reduction,and rumen microbiota in Holstein bull calves(123.81±9.76 kg;5 months old)during short-term heat stress(HS)and recovery periods.Eight Holstein calves were randomly assigned to four treatment groups:no mineral supplementation(Con),inorganic minerals(IM),organic minerals(OM),and high-concentration organic minerals(HOM)and two thermal environments(HS and recovery)using 4×2 factorial arrangement in a crossover design of four periods of 35 d.Calves were maintained in a temperature-controlled barn.The experimental period consisted of 14 d of HS,14 d of recovery condititon,and a 7-d washing period.Results Body temperature and respiration rate were higher in HS than in the recovery conditions(P0.05).The principal coordinate analysis represented that the overall rumen microbiota was not influenced by mineral supplementation;however,temperature-induced microbial structure shifts were indicated(PERMANOVA:P<0.05).At the phylum level,Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased,whereas Fibrobacteres,Spirochaetes,and Tenericutes increased(P<0.05),under HS conditions.The genus Treponema increased under HS conditions,while Christensenella was higher in recovery conditions(P<0.05).Conclusion HOM supplementation during HS reduced cor

关键词： Antioxidant status Heat stress Holstein bull calves Organic mineral supplementation Oxidative stress

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