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Understanding the role of rumen epithelial host-microbe interactions in cattle feed efficiency

Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 41-53页

作者： sang weon na Le Luo Guan Department of Agricultural Food&Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Feed efficiency is one of the economically important traits for the cattle industry that affects profit(feed costs)and the environment(production of manure and methane).Due to that feed efficiency is driven by multi-factors,mechanisms contributing to the animal to animal variation in this trait have not been well defined,limiting the development of precision feeding strategies to improve the herd production efficiency.Rumen microbial fermentation and volatile fatty acids(VFA)production have been recently reported to be associated with cattle feed efficiency,however the roles of rumen epithelial function in feed efficiency are less studied although the rumen epithelium has an important function in VFA absorption and metabolism which can affect host feed efficiency.Rumen epithelium is colonized with a diverse microbial population,termed epimural microbiota,which has proposed functions in tissue development,barrier and inflammation,urea transport,and oxygen scavenging,suggesting that they can affect rumen epithelial functions and subsequently cattle feed efficiency.Especially,prospective functions of epimural microbiota,enhanced rumen immunity and increased rumen epithelial thickness,might contribute to less nutritional requirement for tissue recuperation.Thus,the understanding of the functions of rumen epithelium,epimural microbiota,and rumen epithelial host-microbe interactions is essential to identify their roles in contributing to feed efficiency.In this review,we will focus on to date research findings on the structure of rumen epithelium,epimural microbiota,and epithelial host-microbe interactions together with their functions and how these are associated with feed efficiency,aiming to provide insights on future directions to study rumen epithelial host-microbe interactions and improve the rumen functions in cattle.

关键词： Ruminant Feed efficiency Rumen epithelium Epimural microbiota Microbiome

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Perforated duodenal ulcer presenting with massive hematochezia in a 30-month-old child

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第38期15卷 4853-4855页

作者： na Mi Lee Sin weon Yun Soo Ahn Chae Byoung Hoon Yoo Seong Jae Cha Byung Kook Kwak Department of Pediatrics College of MedicineChung-Ang University Department of General Surgery College of MedicineChung-Ang University Department of Radiology College of MedicineChung-Ang University

Peptic ulcer disease is uncommon in children and rarely suspected as a cause of abdominal complaints in this age group; the diagnosis is therefore made almost exclusively when complications develop. Peptic ulcer disease is usually not considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients. We present the case of a 30-month-old boy with duodenal perforation due to a peptic ulcer without a known etiology. The patient was admitted through the emergency department due to severe hematochezia and ongoing anemia; he presented with neither abdominal pain nor abdominal distension. There were no medical problems, and no drugs, such as corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, had been prescribed or administered recently. We tried to control the active bleeding by medical treatment including arterial embolization, but the active bleeding was not controlled. Finally, an exploratory laparotomy was performed. A discrete anterior perforation with active bleeding of the duodenal wall was found. After the operation, there were no complications and the patient recovered fully.

关键词：十二指肠溃疡病穿孔便血孩子鉴别诊断活动性消化性

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PSCA, Cox-2, and Ki-67 are independent, predictive markers of biochemical recurrence in clinically localized prostate cancer： a retrospective study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第4期19卷 458-462页

作者： Sung Han Kim weon Seo Park Bo Ram Park Jungnam Joo Jae Young Joung Ho Kyung Seo Jinsoo Chung Kang Hyun Lee Department of Urology Center for Prostate Cancer Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang Korea Department of Pathology Center for Prostate Cancer Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang Korea Department of Statistics Biometric Research Branch Clinical Research Coordination Center Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang Korea.

Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer, with half of all patients going on to develop metastases. To better identify patients at high risk for prostate cancer progression and reduce prostate cancer-related mortality, improved prognostic factors are required. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry （IHC） to determine the prognostic values of multiple tissue biomarkers in hormone-na＇l＇ve prostatectomy specimens of prostate cancer. Using 510 prostatectomy specimens collected between 2002 and 2012, IHC analysis was performed for Cerb-2, Cyclin D1, VEGF, EGFR, Rb, PSCA, p53, Bcl-2, Cox-2, PMS2, and Ki-67 on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the predictive risk factors for biochemical recurrence （BCR） of prostate cancer. During a median 44-month follow-up, 128 （25.1%） patients developed BCR. A multivariate regression analysis revealed that Ki-67 （hazard ratio [HR]. 1.60, P = 0.033）, PSCA （HR： 0.42, P 〈 0.001）, and Cox-2 （HR： 2.05, P = 0.003） were the only significant prognostic tissue markers of BCR. Resection margin status （HR： 1.67, P = 0.010）, pathologic pTO/l/2 stage （vs pT3/4; HR： 0.20, P = 0.002）, preoperative PSA levels （HR.. 1.03, P 〈 0.001）, biopsied （HR： 1.30, P = 0.022） and pathologic （HR： 1.42, P = 0.005） Gleason scores, and prostate size （HR： 0.97, P = 0.003） were significant clinicopathologic factors. The expression of Ki-67, PSCA, and Cox-2 biomarkers along with other clinicopathologic factors were prognostic factors for BCR in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy.

关键词： biomarker immunohistochemistry prostatectomy recurrence tissue microarray

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High Frequency Sporophytes Regeneration from the Spore Culture of the Endangered Aquatic Fern <i>Isoetes coreana</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 14-20页

作者： Myung Jin Oh Changkyun Kim Hye Ryun na Hyunchur Shin Jang R. Liu Hong-Keun Choi Suk weon Kim Biological Resources Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) Daejeon South Korea Department of Biological Science Ajou University Suwon South Korea Department of Life Science Soonchunhyang University Asan South Korea Green Bio Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) Daejeon South Korea.

Using a mixed culture of megaspores and microspores from I. coreana, we established high frequency sporophyte regeneration system. After 20 days of culturing in MS basal medium, microscopic examination showed significant morphological changes and the microspore released numerous small vesicles into the culture medium. Megaspores also showed dramatic morphological changes during its incubation time in culture. The spore wall was cracked by the expansion of the megaspore (about 2 times increase in diameter). Simultaneously, brown spots were observed on the surface of the megaspores. The frequency of female gametophytes developing from immature megaspores cultured in MS basal liquid medium (pH 7) supplemented with 1 mgl-1 GA3 was 46%. However, these female gametophytes derived from megaspore only culture could not differentiate into sporophytes. The mixed culture of microspores and megaspores resulted in successful sporophyte regeneration. The highest frequency (12.3%) of green sporophyte regeneration from mixed spore culture occurred when the cultures were maintained at 25℃ under cool-white fluorescent light (40 μmol·m-2·s-1) with a 16 h photoperiod. Regenerated sporophytes were transferred to a test tube containing vermiculite and a sand mixture and left there until they had three leaves. After root growth and the fifth leaf had emerged, more than 95% of the regenerated sporophytes were successfully transferred to the soil and grown to mature plants. The sporophyte regeneration system established in this study could be successfully used for the restoration of the endangered aquatic species, I. coreana.

关键词： Aquatic Fern Isoetes coreana Spore Culture Sporophyte Regeneration

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尼可地尔在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗不稳定心绞痛时对心肌的保护作用

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首都食品与医药 2017年第22期24卷 160-160页

作者： Ju Han Kim Myung Ho Jeong Kyung Ho Yun Kye Hun Kim Dong Koo Kang Seo na Hong sang Yup Lim sang Hyun Lee Yun sang Lee Young Joon Hong Hyung Wook Park weon Kim Young Keun Ahn Jeong Gwang Cho Jong Chun Park Jung Chaee Kang 田玉敬北京四环科宝制药有限公司 100070

心肌损伤通常在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)过程中出现,并且损伤可以通过对心肌酶的测试使之容易被监控。众所周知,尼可地尔是三磷酸腺苷ATP-敏感的K+通道的开启器,通过减小作用电位从而具有抗心律失常效应和保护心脏作用。比如,通过松... 详细信息

心肌损伤通常在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)过程中出现,并且损伤可以通过对心肌酶的测试使之容易被监控。众所周知,尼可地尔是三磷酸腺苷ATP-敏感的K+通道的开启器,通过减小作用电位从而具有抗心律失常效应和保护心脏作用。比如,通过松弛血管平滑肌以减少微冠状动脉血流阻力。研究尼可地尔的心肌保护作用,IOna研究(尼可地尔对心绞痛的作用)即大规模对稳定型心绞痛进行的研究表明,尼可地尔口服给药能够减少冠心病致死率和非致命型心肌梗塞或胸痛意外住院治疗。目前已经对数个不稳定心绞痛(UAP)或急性心肌梗塞病人进行了尼可地尔心脏保护效应的研究评估,但还没有进行大规模研究。此研究的目的在于通过对经尼可地尔注射并PCI治疗12~48h后的不稳定心绞痛患者的心肌酶进行评估来预期考察尼可地尔的心脏保护作用。

关键词：尼可地尔介入治疗不稳定心绞痛心肌保护

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尼可地尔在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗不稳定心绞痛时对心肌的保护作用

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首都食品与医药 2018年第1期25卷 104-104页

（接2017年12月下）3讨论PCI治疗中的冠状动脉疾病患者均出现了心肌肌钙蛋白浓度升高的现象,这是由于PCI过程中心肌细胞被破坏所致。然而,心肌肌钙蛋白浓度并没有很好地被用于监测成功PCI之后对心肌细胞的破坏作用。心肌肌钙蛋白是控制... 详细信息

（接2017年12月下）3讨论PCI治疗中的冠状动脉疾病患者均出现了心肌肌钙蛋白浓度升高的现象,这是由于PCI过程中心肌细胞被破坏所致。然而,心肌肌钙蛋白浓度并没有很好地被用于监测成功PCI之后对心肌细胞的破坏作用。心肌肌钙蛋白是控制心肌收缩的一种蛋白,且在正常的血液中不会被检测到,因为它是心脏特性指标,

关键词：经皮冠状动脉介入治疗心肌细胞不稳定心绞痛保护作用尼可地尔心肌肌钙蛋白蛋白浓度冠状动脉疾病

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