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Low-dose amitriptyline combined with proton pump inhibitor for functional chest pain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第30期19卷 4958-4965页

作者： Se Woo Park Hyuk lee hyun Jik lee Jun Chul Park Sung Kwan Shin sang Kil lee Yong Chan lee Ji Eun Kim Department of Internal Medicine Institute of GastroenterologyYonsei University College of Medicine Biostatistics Collaboration Unit Yonsei University College of Medicine

AIM:To investigate the efficacy of amitriptyline with proton pump inhibitor(PPI)for the treatment of functional chest pain(FCP).METHODS:This was a randomized,open-label trial investigating the addition of low dose amitriptyline(10 mg at bedtime)to a conventional dose of rabeprazole(20 mg/d)(group A,n = 20)vs a double-dose of rabeprazole(20 mg twice daily)(group B,n = 20)for patients with FCP whose symptoms were refractory to *** primary efficacy endpoints were assessed by global symptom score assessment and the total number of individuals with > 50% improvement in their symptom ***:The between-group difference in global symptom scores was statistically significant during the last week of treatment(overall mean difference;3.75 ± 0.31 vs 4.35 ± 0.29,the between-group difference;P 50%,whereas only 26.3% of patients in group B had a similar treatment response(70.6% vs 26.3%,P = 0.008).Specifically,patients in group A had a significantly greater improvement in the domains of body pain and general health perception than did patients in group B(52.37 ± 17.00 vs 41.32 ± 12.34,P = 0.031 and 47.95 ± 18.58 vs 31.84 ± 16.84,P = 0.01,respectively).CONCLUSION:Adding amitriptyline to a PPI was more effective than a double-dose of PPI in patients with FCP refractory to a conventional dose of PPI.

关键词： Functional chest pain Proton pump inhibitor Amitriptyline

Acetylsalicylic acid for metal stent in malignant distal common bile duct obstruction:A randomized controlled trial

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第5期21卷 493-499页

作者： Jin Ho Choi Kyong Joo lee Woo hyun Paik Namyoung Park Jung Won Chun sang Hyub lee Ji Kon Ryu Yong-Tae Kim Department of Internal Medicine Liver Research InstituteSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of MedicineWonjuKorea

Background:Endoscopic biliary drainage is the treatment of choice for patients with malignant distal common bile duct ***-expandable metal stents have clinical advantages including an increased duration of patency that may be prolonged by acetylsalicylic acid(ASA)*** aim of this study was to investigate whether ASA had a positive effect on the patency of self-expandable metal stents compared with ***:This prospective,multicenter,double-blinded,and randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted from October 2017 to May 2020 in *** who underwent palliative endoscopic biliary drainage with self-expandable metal stents for malignant distal bile duct obstruction were enrolled,and allocated to ASA treatment or *** study outcomes were the rate of stent dysfunction at 6 months,duration of stent patency,risk factors for stent dysfunction,and any adverse ***:Interim analysis included 24 and 28 patients in the ASA and placebo groups,*** was no significant difference between the ASA and placebo groups in stent dysfunction(25.0%vs.20.7%,P=0.761)or the duration of stent patency(150.97±10.55 vs.158.07±8.70 days,P=0.497).Six patients experienced suspected ASA-related adverse events,and there was one lethal ***:ASA did not prolong stent *** study was terminated early because of the possibility of serious adverse events related to ASA treatment of these patients receiving palliative care.

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Self expandable metallic stents Randomized controlled trial Acetylsalicylic acid

Ultra-low concentration of total organic carbon in ultrapure water using ion-exchange resin embedding silanized magnetic nanoparticles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第6期32卷 11-17页

作者： Jung Joon lee Jihyeon Park Bo-hyun Kim Sunjong lee Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea Korea Institute of Industrial Technology 89 Yangdaegiro-gilIpjang-myeonCheonan-si 31056South Korea

Regeneration of pure water is an important issue not only for the healthy life but also for the fine control of precise processes in various *** important issue in ultrahigh purified water is to reduce the amount of total organic carbon(TOC).Herein,we introduce a new approach to reduce the TOC using the surface silanized nanoparticles,in which the magnetic nanoparticles(mNPs)are silanized and then complexed with ion exchange resin(IER)*** Fe3O4 mNPs are surface modified by using high concentrated vinyltrimethoxysilane(VTMS)and then adhered on the surface of IER *** surface modified mNPs have a thick-shell of polysiloxane layer varying from 5 to 22 nm depending on the amount of VTMS used,which leads the significant increase of specific surface *** IER beads embedding VTMS-silanized mNPs achieves about 7μg/L of the TOC level in ultrapure water system,which is two orders less than 228μg/L of the feeding water and one order less than 96μg/L from the system using pristine IER *** result is mainly attributed to the polysiloxane layer forming broccoli-like surface structure and some part by the vinyl group of VTMS exposed to the amines in the water.

关键词： Total organic carbon Ultrapure water Magnetic nanoparticle Ion-exchange resin Hybrid structure

Revision of bilateral self-expandable metallic stents placed using the stent-in-stent technique for malignant hilar biliary obstruction

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第5期17卷 437-442页

作者： Jun Hyuk Son Hee Seung lee sang Hyub lee Seungmin Bang Jinwoo Kang Woo hyun Paik Ji Kon Ryu Yong-Tae Kim Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Internal Medicine Inje University Ilsan Paik HospitalGoyangKorea Department of Internal Medicine Institute of GastroenterologyYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology SMG-SNU Boramae Medical CenterSeoulKorea

Background: Endoscopic biliary decompression using bilateral self-expandable metallic stent(SEMS) placed using the stent-in-stent(SIS) technique is considered favorable for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction(MHBO). However, occlusion of the bilateral SIS placement is frequent and revision can be challenging. This study was performed to investigate the efficacy, the long-term patency and the appropriate approach for revision of occluded bilateral SIS placement in unresectable MHBO. Methods: From January 2011 to July 2016, thirty-eight patients with unresectable MHBO underwent revision of occluded bilateral SIS placement. Clinical data including success rates and patency of revision, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The technical success rate of revision was 76.3%. The clinical success rate of revision was 51.7% and mean patency of revision was 49.1 days. No significant predictive factor for clinical failure of revision was observed. The cell size of SEMS was not found to have significant effects on clinical success rates or revision patency. Conclusions: Revision of occluded bilateral SIS placement for MHBO showed fair patency and clinical success rate. Revision method and cell size of SEMS were not found to influence clinical outcomes.

关键词： Malignant hilar biliary obstruction Self-expandable metallic stent Stent-in-stent Revision

Current Progress on the Geological Record of Microbialites and Microbial Carbonates

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第1期88卷 260-275页

作者： CHEN Jitao lee Jeong-hyun Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University

This paper reviews the current progress and problems in the study of microbialites and microbial carbonates. Microbialites and microbial carbonates, formed during growth of microbes by their calcification and binding of detrital sediment, have recently become one of the most popular geological topics. They occur throughout the entire geological history, and bear important theoretical and economic significances due to their complex structures and formative processes. Microbialites are in place benthic microbial buildups, whereas microbial carbonates can be classified into two categories： stabilized microbial carbonates（i.e., carbonate microbialites, such as stromatolites and thrombolites） and mobilized microbial carbonates（i.e., microbial carbonate grains, such as oncoids and microbial lumps）. Various texture, structures, and morphologies of microbialites and microbial carbonates hamper the systematic description and classification. Moreover, complex calcification pathways and diagenetic modifications further obscure the origin of some microbialites and microbial carbonates. Recent findings of abundant sponge spicules in previously identified ＂microbialites＂ challenge the traditional views about the origins of these ＂microbialites＂ and their implications to reef evolution. Microbialites and microbial carbonates did not always flourish in the aftermath of extinction events, which, together with other evidences, suggests that they are affected not only by metazoans but also by other geological factors. Their growth, development, and demise are also closely related to sea-level changes, due to their dependence on water depth, clarity, nutrient, and sunlight. Detailed studies on microbialites and microbial carbonates throughout geological history would certainly help understand causes and effects of major geological events as well as the coevolution of life and environment.

关键词： microbialite microbial carbonate reef calcification calcimicrobe

Adaptive Electrospinning System Based on Reinforcement Learning for Uniform‑Thickness Nanofiber Air Filters

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第2期5卷 617-631页

作者： Seok Hyeon Hwang Jin Yeong Song hyun Il Ryu Jae Hee Oh Seungwook lee Donggeun lee Dong Yong Park sang Min Park School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National University63‑2 Busan University‑roGeumjeong‑guBusan 46241South Korea Smart Manufacturing Technology R&D Group Korea Institute of Industrial Technology320 Techno Sunhwan‑roYuga‑eupDalseong‑gunDaegu 42994Republic of Korea

Electrospinning is a simple and versatile method to produce nanofiber ***,owing to bending instability that occurs during the electrospinning process,electrospinning has frequently produced a non-uniform-thickness nanofiber filter,which deteriorates its air ***,an adaptive electrospinning system based on reinforcement learning(E-RL)was developed to produce uniform-thickness nanofiber *** E-RL accomplished a real-time thickness measurement of an electrospun nanofiber filter by measuring the transmitted light through the nanofiber filter using a camera placed at the bottom of the collector and converting it into thickness using the Beer–Lambert *** on the measured thickness,the E-RL detected the non-uniformity of the nanofiber filter thickness and manipulated the movable collector to alleviate the non-uniformity of the thickness by a pre-trained reinforcement learning(RL)*** the training of the RL algo-rithm,the nanofiber production simulation software based on the empirical model of the deposition of the nanofiber filter was developed,and the training process of the RL algorithm was repeated until the optimal policy was *** the training process with the simulation software,the trained model was transferred to the adaptive electrospinning *** the movement of the collector under the optimal strategy of RL algorithm,the non-uniformity of such nanofiber filters was significantly reduced by approximately five times in standard deviation and error for both simulation and *** finding has great potential in improving the reliability of electrospinning process and nanofiber filters used in research and industrial fields such as environment,energy,and biomedicine.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofiber filter Uniform thickness Reinforcement learning Deep Q-network

Etching characteristics of thin SiON films using a liquefied perfluorocarbon precursor of C_6F_(12)O with a low global warming potential

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第10期22卷 135-144页

作者： Junmyung lee Yunho NAM Jongchan lee hyun Woo lee Kwang-Ho KWON Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering Korea UniversitySejong 30019Republic of Korea Department of Aeronautic Computer Engineering Hanseo UniversitySeosan 31962Republic of Korea

Perfluorocarbon gas is widely used in the semiconductor ***,perfluorocarbon has a negative effect on the global environment owing to its high global warming potential(GWP) *** alternative solution is ***,we evaluated the possibility of replacing conventional perfluorocarbon etching gases such as CHF_3 with C_6F_(12)O,which has a low GWP and is in a liquid state at room *** this study,silicon oxynitride(SiON) films were plasma-etched using inductively coupled CF4+C_6F_(12)O+O_2 mixed ***,the etching characteristics of the film,such as etching rate,etching profile,selectivity over Si,and photoresist,were investigated.A double Langmuir probe was used and optical emission spectroscopy was performed for plasma *** addition,a contact angle goniometer and x-ray photoelectron spectroscope were used to confirm the change in the surface properties of the etched SiON film ***,the etching characteristics of the C_6F_(12)O mixed plasma exhibited a lower etching rate,higher SiON/Si selectivity,lower plasma damage,and more vertical etched profiles than the conventional CHF_3 mixed *** addition,the C_6F_(12)O gas can be recovered in the liquid state,thereby decreasing global *** results confirmed that the C_6F_(12)O precursor can sufficiently replace the conventional etching gas.

关键词： global warming potential perfluorocarbon silicon oxynitride etching characteristics liquid-state perfluorocarbon

IL-1β activates p44/42 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases via different pathways in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第5期12卷 716-722页

作者： Tai sang lee hyun Ju Song Ji Hoon Jeong Young Sil Min Chang Yell Shin Uy Dong Sohn Department of Pharmacology College of PharmacyChung-Ang UniversitySeoul 156-756Republic of Korea Research Laboratory Dong-A Pharmaceuticals Co.LtdKyunggidoRepublic of Korea

AIM： To examine the pathway related to the IL-1β induced activation of mitogen-activated protein （MAP） kinases in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells. METHODS： Culture of the esophageal smooth muscle cells from cat was prepared. Specific inhibitors were treated before applying the IL-β3. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expressions of COX, iNOS and MAP kinases. RESULTS： In the primary cultured cells, although IL-β3 failed to upregulate the COX and iNOS levels, the levels of the phosphorylated forms of 1344142 HAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase increased in both concentration- and time-dependent manner, of which the level of activation reached a maximum within 3 and 18 h, respectively. The pertussis toxin reduced the level of p44/42 MAP kinase phosphorylation. Tyrphostin 51 and genistein also inhibited this activation. Neomycin decreased the density of the p44/42 HAP kinase band to the basal level. Phosphokinase C （PKC） was found to play a mediating role in the IL-1β-induced p44/42 MAP kinase activity. In contrast, the activation of p38 MAP kinase was inhibited only by a pretreatment with forskolin, and was unaffected by the other compounds. CONCLUSION： Based on these results, IL-1β-induced p44/42 MAP kinase activation is mediated by the Gi protein, tyrosine kinase, phospholipase C （PLC） and PKC. The pathway for p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation is different from that of p44/42 MAP kinase, suggesting that it plays a different role in the cellular response to IL- 1β.

关键词： IL-1β MAP kinase Esophageal smoothmuscle cells

Effect of external beam radiotherapy on patency of uncovered metallic stents in patients with inoperable bile duct cancer

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第4期13卷 423-427页

作者： Jun Kyu lee Won Kwon Kwack sang Hyub lee Jin Hee Jung Jae hyun Kwon In Woong Han Jin Ho lee Departments of Internal Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital College of Medicine Dongguk University Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital College of Medicine Seoul National University Radiology Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital Surgery Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital

BACKGROUND： Although biliary decompression with metallic stenting is the preferred treatment for inoperable bile duct cancer（BDC）, maintenance of patency is still *** tried to assess the effectiveness and safety of external beam radiotherapy（EBRT） for prolonging stent patency in patients having uncovered metallic ***： We retrospectively reviewed 50 patients who received endoscopic stenting, of whom 18 received EBRT（RT group） and 32 did not（non-RT group）.RESULTS： No difference was found in baseline characteristics between the two groups. Although stent patency was longer in the RT group than that in the non-RT group（140.7±51.3 vs136.4±34.9 days, P=0.94）, the difference was not statistically significant. There were a lower rate of stent occlusion（27.8% vs50.0% of patients, P=0.12） and a longer overall survival（420.1 ±73.2 vs 269.1±41.7 days, P=0.11） in the RT group than in the non-RT group, and the difference again was not statistically significant. The development of adverse reactions did not differ（55.6% vs 53.1% of patients, P=0.91）. There was no serious adverse reaction in both groups（P=0.99）.CONCLUSIONS： EBRT did not significantly improve stent patency in patients with inoperable BDC having uncovered metallic stents. However, EBRT was safe. Future trials withrefined protocols for better efficacy are expected.

关键词： bile duct cancer radiotherapy survival self-expandable metallic stent patency