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Climate and fire drivers of forest composition and openness in the Changbai Mountains since the Late Glacial

森林生态系统:英文版 2023年第4期10卷 448-458页

作者： Meng Meng sandy p.harrison Dongmei Jie Nannan Li Baojian Liu Dehui Li Guizai Gao Honghao Niu School of Geographical Sciences Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China Geography&Environmental Science University of ReadingWhiteknightsReadingRG66AHUK Leverhulme Centre for Wildfires Environment and SocietyImperial College LondonSouth KensingtonLondonSW72BWUK Key Laboratory of Geographical processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of EducationChangchun130024China Institute for peat and Mire Research State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation RestorationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology Ministry of EducationChangchun130024China HaiZhou Senior High School Lianyungang222023China College of Resources and Environment Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang050010China School of Archaeology Jilin UniversityChangchun130015China

Ongoing climate changes have a direct impact on forest growth;they also affect natural fire regimes,with further implications for forest *** of how these will affect forests on decadal-to-centennial timescales is *** we use reconstructions of past vegetation,fire regimes and climate during the Holocene to examine the relative importance of changes in climate and fire regimes for the abundance of key tree species in northeastern *** reconstructed vegetation changes and fire regimes based on pollen and charcoal records from Gushantun *** then used generalized linear modelling to investigate the impact of reconstructed changes in summer temperature,annual precipitation,background levels of fire,fire frequency and fire magnitude to identify the drivers of decadal-to-centennial changes in forest openness and *** in climate and fire regimes have independent impacts on the abundance of the key tree *** variables are generally more important than fire variables in determining the abundance of individual *** is the only determinant of forest openness,but summer temperature is more important than precipitation for individual tree taxa with warmer summers causing a decrease in cold-tolerant conifers and an increase in warmth-demanding broadleaved *** background level and fire frequency have negative relationships with the abundance of most tree taxa;only pinus increases as fire frequency *** magnitude of individual fires does not have a significant impact on species abundance on this *** climate and fire regime characteristics must be considered to understand changes in forest composition on the decadal-to-centennial *** are differences,both in sign and magnitude,in the response of individual tree species to individual drivers.

关键词： Forest composition Climate change Fire regime Fire frequency Changbai Mountains Holocene Generalized linear model

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Analysis of mid-spatial frequency wavefront distortions from a liquid-cooled flash-lamp pumped Nd:phosphate laser amplifier

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High power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 24-29页

作者： pierre-Marie Dalbies sandy Cavaro Edouard Bordenave Nathalie Blanchot Julien G.Moreau Jérôme Neauport CEA CESTA Le BarpFrance

Mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformation can be deleterious for the operation of high-energy laser systems. When fluid cooled high-repetition-rate amplifiers are used, the coolant flow is likely to induce such detrimental mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformations. Here, we describe the design and performance of a 90 mm × 90 mm aperture, liquid-cooled Nd:phosphate split-slab laser amplifier pumped by flash-lamps. The performance of the system is evaluated in terms of wavefront aberration and gain at repetition rates down to 1 shot per minute. The results show that this single cooled split-slab system exhibits low wavefront distortions in the medium to large period range, compatible with a focus on target, and despite the use of liquid coolant traversed by both pump and amplified wavelengths. This makes it a potential candidate for applications in large high-energy laser facilities.

关键词： flash-lamp pumping high-power laser laser cooling neodymium glass wavefront error

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Does variable stand structure associated with multi-cohort forests support diversity of ground beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) communities in the central Nearctic boreal forest？

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 1191-1202页

作者： Erica p. Barkley Jay R. Malcolm sandy M. Smith M. Isabel Bellocq Faculty of Forestry University of Toronto 33 Willcocks Street Toronto ON M5S 3B3 Canada Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución IEGEBA(CONICET-UBA) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

Multi-cohort management （MCM） that retains a range of stand structures （age and size class） has been proposed to emulate natural disturbance and improve management in the Nearctic boreal forest. Although MCM forests contain both single- and multi-aged stands of mixed tree sizes, little is known about how variable stand structure affects associated fauna and biodiversity. Here, we examine the relationship between ground beetle （Coleoptera, Carabidae） communities and stand characteristics across a range of forest structure （=cohort classes）. Given that MCM classes are defined by the distribution of their tree-stem diameters, we ask whether parameters associated with these distributions （Weibull） could explain observed variation in carabid communities, and if so, how this compares to traditional habitat variables such as stand age, foliage complexity or volume of downed woody debris. We sampled carabids using weekly pitfall collections and compared these with structural habitat variables across a range of cohort classes （stand structure and age since disturbance） in 18 sites of upland mixed boreal forests from central Canada. Results showed that richness and diversity of carabid communities were similar among cohort classes. Weibull parameters from the diameter distribution of all stems were the strongest predictors of variation in carabid communities among sites, but vertical foliage complexity, understory thickness, and percentage of deciduous composition were also significant. The abundance of several carabid forest specialists was strongly correlated with tree canopy height, the presence of large trees, and high vertical foliage complexity. Our results demonstrate that variable forest structure, as expected under MCM, may be useful in retaining the natural range of ground beetle species across the central Nearctic boreal forest.

关键词： Biodiversity conservation Boreal forest Carabidae Forest structure Ground beetles Multi-cohortmanagement Tree diameter distribution

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Young-onset colorectal cancer:A review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第8期13卷 856-866页

作者： Joy Zhou Done sandy H Fang Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMD 21287United States Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineJohns Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMD 21287United States

Despite the general decrease in overall incidence of colorectal cancer since the early 1990s,the incidence of colorectal cancer in patients less than 50 years old has nearly doubled.A systematic review was performed using the pubMed database(2011-2020)and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(2011-2021)to identify studies(published in English)evaluating epidemiologic,clinical,hereditary,and molecular features;as well as evaluation,management,and prognosis of youngonset colorectal cancer *** search yielded a total of 3401 articles,after applying our inclusion *** fully reviewed 94 full-length *** systematic review demonstrates the increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer and highlights the importance of being hypervigilant for the differential diagnosis colorectal cancer when evaluating a young adult who presents with gastrointestinal symptoms.

关键词： Young-onset colorectal cancer Early-onset colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer Genetic Young adult Hereditary

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Iron infusion and newer intravenous iron formulations

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第15期134卷 1889-1890页

作者： Tim Aung sandy T.Aung Star Medical Centre-Woodridge Logan CentralQLD 4114Australia Top Health Doctors-Underwood UnderwoodQLD 4119Australia Logan Hospital QLD 4131Australia

To the Editor:Iron deficiency(ID)and ID anemia(IDA)are common health problems *** World Health Organization(2011)estimated that 34%of the global population(>2 billion)is affected by anemia and that the most common type was ID(50%of total anemia),which primarily affects women of reproductive age.*1*Although intravenous(IV)iron has been used to treat ID and IDA for more than six decades,its use in primary care settings has been infrequent compared with its use in tertiary centers due to the historical concern of anaphylaxis,among *** newer(non-dextran)IV formulations,which allow complete or near-complete replacement in a single sitting of 15 to 30 min,have an improved safety profile,and better tolerability,efficacy,and effectiveness compared with oral iron *** are suited for administration in the primary care or community practices in a proper *** oral iron remains the first-line therapy for iron replacement in most guidelines,its common side effects of gastric upset and constipation,and the need to take it regularly for months to replenish iron stores,often result in *** iron injection is no longer favorable because of pain,skin discoloration and requirement of multiple injections.

关键词： intravenous infusion formulation

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Tracking Co-evolution of Behavior and Relationships with Mobile phones

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2012年第2期17卷 136-151页

作者： Wen Dong Bruno Lepri sandy pentland MIT Media Laboratory Cambridge MA 02142 USA FBK Povo-Trento Italy

The co-evolution of social relationships and individual behavior in time and space has important implications, but is poorly understood because of the difficulty of closely tracking the everyday life of a com- plete community. We offer evidence that relationships and behavior co-evolve in a student dormitory, based on monthly surveys and location tracking through resident cellular phones over a period of nine months. We demonstrate that a Markov jump process could capture the co-evolution in terms of the rates at which resi- dents visit places and friends. Our co-evolution model will be useful in bridging sensor networks data and organizational dynamics theories, simulating different ways to shape behavior and relationships, and turning mobile phone data into data products.

关键词： social computing human dynamics living labs sensor networks organizational dynamics stochastic process multi-agent model

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Effect of different starch sources in a raw meat-based diet on fecal microbiome in dogs housed in a shelter

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 353-361页

作者： Misa Sandri sandy Sgorlon Elisa Scarsella Bruno Stefanon Department of AgriFood Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of UdineUdine33100Italy

A dietary intervention study was assessed to determine if different sources of starch in homemade diets could significantly modify fecal microbiome of ***-seven adult dogs were enrolled and fed a diet based on a mixture of rice and pasta with fresh raw meat(CD).After 90 d,8 dogs continued to receive CD diet,10 dogs received a diet made of a raw meat and a complementary food with rice as the main source of starch(B1),and 9 dogs were fed a diet with the same raw meat and a complementary food with potato as the main source of starch(B2).Samples of feces were collected from each dog in the mornings at the beginning of the study and after 15 d and analyzed for pH,ammonia N(N-NH3)and total N,short chain fatty acids(SCFA)and lactic *** abundance of fecal microbiota was assessed by sequencing and annotating the V3-V4 regions of the 16S *** starch intake was similar between diets but differed in the in vitro rate digestion and in the resistant starch,which was higher in B2 than in B1 and CD *** fed B2 diet showed lower(ppH but higher(pproportion of lactic *** discriminant analysis of the genera relative abundances indicated a significant(pparison to CD *** results suggest that changes of starch source in a raw meat-based diet have limited effects on fecal microbiome in healthy dogs,but underline a high variability of microbiota among dogs.

关键词： Diets Starch fraction Microbiome Nutrition Canis lupus familiaris

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Examining the Effects of Financial performance Feedback on Corporate Social Responsibility

Examining the Effects of Financial Performance Feedback on C...

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作者： sandy Wongwaiwate 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

Corporate social responsibility(CSR)has been a highly debated topic in these past years,as businesses are looking to move towards more “sociallyresponsible” business ***,CSR has been viewed as a multidimensional *** example,Aguinis and Glavas(2012)define CSR as “context-specific organizational actions and policies that take into account stakeholder's expectations and the triple bottom line of economic,social and environmental performance”.One main stream of CSR research focuses on investigating the antecedents of *** is,scholars have examined the factors that are able to influence whether and why firms initiate CSR *** studies have largely highlighted external *** from the organizational field,which includes groups of organizations to which the firm is aligned,is a key determinant of CSR(Hoffman 1999).In the realm of philanthropic giving,firms take cues from their institutional peers(Marquis and Tilcsik 2016).In addition,the context/climate of the firm's surroundings is identified as a critical factor for determining the firm's CSR activities,particularly in country-specific corporate governance structures(Williams and Aguilera2009),country context(Brammer,pavelin,and porter 2009)and sociocultural environment(Victor and Cullen 1988).Many of these predictors are found in institutional environments and operate *** these external factors have been demonstrated to influence CSR engagement,the decision-making process of a firm to initiate and engage in CSR practices has not been thoroughly *** order to both understand actual decision-making processes and extend the research on CSR,this study places CSR in the context of firm *** from the behavioral theory of the firm(BTOF),which is a theory particularly relevant to firm decision-making,this study aims to explore how financial performance feedback can play a role in determining CSR of a *** this way,a behavioral-theory-bas

关键词： corporate social responsibility behavioral theory of a firm aspirations performance feedback search financial performance

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Sports & exercise massage : comprehensive care in athletics, fitness & rehabilitation Pap/DVD/CD

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丛书名： Mosby's massage career development series

2005年

作者： sandy Fritz

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Removal of copper ions from aqueous solution by adsorption using LABORATORIES-modified bentonite （organo-bentonite）

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012年第1期6卷 58-66页

作者： sandy Velycia MARAMIS Alfin KURNIAWAN Aning AYUCITRA Jaka SUNARSO Suryadi ISMADJI Department of Chemical Engineering Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic UniversitySurabaya 60114Indonesia Australian Research Council(ARC)Centre of Excellence for Elcctromaterials Science Institute for Technology Research and InnovationDeakin UniversityVictoria 3125Australia

Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of the adsorption of copper ions from an aqueous solution using linear alkylbenzene sulfonate （LABORA- TORIES） modified bentonite （organo-bentonite） are reported. Modification of bentonite was performed via microwave heating with a concentration of LABORA- TORIES surfiactant equivalent to 1.5 times that of the cation exchange capacity （CEC） of the raw bentonite. Experimental parameters affecting the adsorption process such as pH, contact time and temperature were studied. Several adsorption equations （e.g., Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips and Toth） with temperature dependency were used to correlate the equilibrium data. These models were evaluated based on the theoretical justifications of each isotherm parameter. The Sips model had the best fit for the adsorption of copper ions onto organo-bentonite. For the kinetic data, the pseudo-second order model was superior to the pseudo-first order model. Thermodynamically, the adsorption of copper ions occurs via chemisorption and the process is endothermic （△H^0〉0）, irreversible （△S^0〉0） and nonspontaneous （△G^0〉0）.

关键词： heavy metal copper adsorption organo-bentonite temperature dependent

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