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Treatment of hepatitis B virus infection in children and adolescents

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第36期27卷 6053-6063页

作者： Mariangela Stinco Chiara Rubino sandra trapani Giuseppe Indolfi Department of Health Sciences Pediatric SectionMeyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence 50139Italy Department Neurofarba University of Florence and Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence 50139Italy

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality *** children acquire the infection perinatally or during early childhood and develop a chronic hepatitis characterized by a high viral replication and a low-inflammation phase of infection,with normal or only slightly raised *** a conservative approach in children is usually recommended,different therapies exist and different therapeutic approaches are *** main goals of antiviral treatment for children with chronic HBV infection are to suppress viral replication and to warn the disease progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma,although these complications are rare in *** United States Food and Drug Administration(USFDA)and European Medicines Agency(EMA)have approved interferon alfa-2b for children aged 1 year and older,pegylated interferon alfa-2a and lamivudine for children aged 3 years and older,entecavir for use in children aged 2 years and older,and adefovir for use in those 12 years of age and *** disoproxil fumarate is approved by EMA for children aged 2 years and older and by USFDA for treatment in children aged 12 years and ***,EMA has approved the use of tenofovir alafenamide for treatment of children aged 12 years and older or for children weighing more than 35 kg independent of *** narrative review will provide the framework for summarizing indications to antiviral therapy in the management of chronic HBV infection in children and adolescents.

关键词： Hepatitis B Children Adolescents Antiviral therapy Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate Entecavir Interferon

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Kounis syndrome:a clinical entity penetrating from pediatrics to geriatrics

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第5期17卷 294-299页

作者： Mattia Giovannini Ioanna Koniari Francesca Mori Silvia Ricci Luciano De Simone Silvia Favilli sandra trapani Giuseppe Indolfi Nicholas George Kounis Elio Novembre Allergy Unit Department of Pediatrics Meyer Children’s University Hospital Electrophysiology and Device Department University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust Department of Health Sciences University of Florence Meyer Children’s Hospital Pediatric Cardiology Unit Meyer Children’s University Hospital Department of Neurofarba University of Florence Meyer Children’s Hospital Department of Cardiology Patras University School of Medicine

1 Introduction Kounis syndrome constitutes a coronary hypersensitivity disorder defined by the association of an anaphylactoid,anaphylactic,allergic or hypersensitivity reaction with an acute coronary syndrome,in a physiopathological context involving various interrelated and interacting inflammatory cells,such as mast-cells,eosinophils and platelets.[1,2]Similar entities to Kounis syndrome might involve cerebral and mesenteric arteries.

关键词： Age Classification Coronary artery disease Kounis syndrome Myocardial infarction

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