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Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Uptake among the Youth in Akuse Township in the lower Manya Krobo Municipality, Ghana

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 72-86页

作者： Raymond Mawusi Amenya Stephen Manortey Millicent Ofori Boateng sandra Kushitor Edward Sutherland Ensign Global College Kpong Ghana

Background: Access to safe and effective contraception is crucial for sexual and reproductive health to be at its best. This allows improved pregnancy results and the avoidance of unintended births. Teenagers’ views on using contraceptives are influenced by the information available at their disposal. The study assessed the influential factors affecting the utilization of modern contraceptives among the youth in Akuse in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Methods: The data for the study were gathered from 378 consented youth aged 15 - 24 years using a quantitative cross-sectional study design and a well-structured questionnaire. Person’s Chi-Square test was adopted to measure the association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables. logistic regression models were utilized to measure the odds of the factors influencing modern contraceptive use among the respondents. Results: The results of the study suggested a high knowledge level of contraceptives;however, the prevalence of utilization was low. The level of education and age were factors found to influence the uptake of contraceptives. A bivariate analysis to examine the association between selected socio-demographic variables revealed that educational level (p = 0.044), religious affiliation (p = 0.002), and ethnicity (p = 0.016) were statistically associated with modern contraceptive use among the respondents. All other tested demographic variables including the age groups, gender, marital status, and residential status proved otherwise at the observed p-values greater than the 0.05 threshold. Respondents who indicated staying with partners were 6.79 times more likely to use contraceptives compared to their counterparts staying with a parent, after controlling for all other covariates. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that high contraceptive knowledge influences the choice of contraceptive preferred by the youth, and contraceptive use is also influenced by the a

关键词： Determinants Modern Contraceptive Youth Akuse Ghana

The anthocyanin's role on the food metabolic pathways,color and drying processes:An experimental and theoretical approach

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 91-110页

作者： sandra Peñaloza Cornelio Delesma Jesús Muñiz lópez-Ortiz A. Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoPriv.Xochicalco s/nCol.CentroTemixco62580MorelosMexico

This review is intended to cover the works related to the anthocyanin behavior in food that is subjected to *** experimental and theoretical results available in scientific literature are *** increase in anthocyanin concentration has been observed upon thermal ***,a conclusive explanation is still *** accessible studies suggest an increase in concentration during maturations,which could be related to the enzymatic *** possible enzymes involved in such a procedure have also been covered,including their role played in the *** possible activation mechanisms and the related factors such as temperature,pH,oxygen contents and the presence of UV-light irradiation were also ***,the metabolic pathways were also explored including experimental evaluation and theoretical models based on atomistic methodologies such as density functional theory(DFT).This review is aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the probable mechanisms behind the increase of anthocyanin concentration during drying.

关键词： Anthocyanin Metabolic pathway PAl CHS UFGT HPlC Theoretical model

Sensorial Evaluation and Physical Chemical Characterization of a Beverage Based on Whey and β-Glucans as a Potential Prevention of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 770-789页

作者： Adriana Hernandez Santana Andrea Jimena Valdés Alvarado sandra Karina Espinoza Stephany Bernardeth lanza Aguilar Food Science Department Zamorano Pan-American Agricultural School Tegucigalpa Honduras

Whey and B-glucans are functional food ingredients that contribute to the prevention of non-communicable diseases. The objective of the study was to develop a functional beverage based on whey, B-glucans, and blackberry concentrate for the prevention of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, determining its sensory, physicochemical, and nutritional qualities. The following phases were developed: 1) formulation with 75%, 85%, and 90% whey and 25%, 15%, and 10% blackberry concentrate, with a fixed amount of 0.243 g β-glucans in 100 ml;2) microbiological analysis to ensure the safety of the beverage;3) sensory analysis with untrained panelists to assess the degree of preference (appearance, color, odor, flavor, viscosity, acidity, sweetness), and general acceptance, with a seven-point hedonic scale to rate the level of acceptability;4) physicochemical and nutritional characterization of the beverage with the highest acceptance. An experimental design using complete random blocks was employed. Data analysis was performed with variance (ANDEVA) and mean DUNCAN separation at a 95% confidence level, using SAS®. A correlation study was conducted on acceptance analysis. A nutritional label was developed for the control beverage and the treatment with the highest acceptance. The formulation with 75% whey, 25% blackberry concentrate, and 0.243 g of β-glucan obtained the highest acceptance, with flavor and sweetness being the attributes that contributed to its acceptance. Nutritionally, the beverage with 80 cal, would be considered fortified with fiber (2 g), free of cholesterol, sodium, and saturated fat, according to the Central American Technical Regulation on Nutritional labeling (Version 67.01.60:10). It is recommended that the effect of this beverage be measured to determine the benefits.

关键词： Fatty Acids Fatty liver Glucans Whey

Competencies in Computer Security and Resolution of Technological Problems in Higher Education Students

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第4期12卷 171-185页

作者： Esteban Pérez Flores Alejandra Aldrette Malacara sandra R. Murillo Cano Vittorio Zanella Palacios Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas Universidad Aut&#243noma de Baja California Mexicali M&#233xico Decanato de Ingenierí as Universidad Popular Aut&#243noma Del Estado de Puebla Puebla M&#233xico

Starting from the importance of preserving our information and protecting our devices against attacks on their vulnerabilities, this article aims to establish the level of knowledge in computer security and problem-solving of students at a university in northwest Mexico. This research has a quantitative approach where the European Framework of Digital Competencies for Citizenship was used as a reference to identify and establish the level of the competencies that were evaluated. The IKANOS Test was used as a data collection tool. The results show that students know the importance of keeping their devices safe and how valuable the information found on them is. On the other hand, the results also show a considerable percentage of students who do not have the knowledge and are at a basic level of knowledge to solve technical problems with their devices.

关键词： Digital literacy Cybersecurity DigComp Digital Skills Data Protection

Single-cell transcriptome atlases of soybean root and mature nodule reveal new regulatory programs that control the nodulation process

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 69-91页

作者： Sergio Alan Cervantes-Perez Prince Zogli Sahand Amini sandra Thibivilliers Sutton Tennant Md Sabbir Hossain Hengping Xu Ian Meyer Akash Nooka Pengchong Ma Qiuming Yao Michael J.Naldrett Andrew Farmer Olivier Martin Samik Bhattacharya Jasper Klaver Marc libault Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68503USA Division of Plant Science and Technology College of AgricultureFoodand Natural ResourcesUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65211USA Interdisciplinary Plant Group of Missouri-Columbia ColumbiaMO 65211USA School of Computing University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68503USA Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility Center for BiotechnologyUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA National Center for Genome Resources Santa FeNM 87505USA INRAE UniversiteParis-SaclayInstitut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris SaclayIPS2Batiment 630 Plateau du MoulonRue Noetzlin91192 Gif sur Yvette CedexFrance Resolve Biosciences Monheim am RheinGermany Present address:The School of Plant Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Present address:GAlY Co. 100 Hood Park Dr.BostonMA 02126USA

The soybean root system is *** addition to being composed of various cell types,the soybean root system includes the primary root,the lateral roots,and the nodule,an organ in which mutualistic symbiosis with N-fixing rhizobia occurs.A mature soybean root nodule is characterized by a central infection zone where atmospheric nitrogen is fixed and assimilated by the symbiont,resulting from the close cooperation between the plant cell and the *** date,the transcriptome of individual cells isolated from developing soybean nodules has been established,but the transcriptomic signatures of cells from the mature soybean nodule have not yet been *** single-nucleus RNA-seq and Molecular Cartography technologies,we precisely characterized the transcriptomic signature of soybean root and mature nodule cell types and revealed the co-existence of different sub-populations of ***-infected cells in the mature soybean nodule,including those actively involved in nitrogen fixation and those engaged in *** of the single-cell-resolution nodule transcriptome atlas and the associated gene co-expression network confirmed the role of known nodulation-related genes and identified new genes that control the nodulation *** instance,we functionally characterized the role of GmFWl3,a plasma membrane microdomain-associated protein that controls rhizobial *** study reveals the unique cellular complexity of the mature soybean nodule and helps redefine the concept of cell types when considering the infection zone of the soybean nodule.

关键词： soybean root nodule single-cell RNA-seq nanodomains

Polymer Fiber Rigid Network with High Glass Transition Temperature Reinforces Stability of Organic Photovoltaics

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Nano-Micro letters 2024年第11期16卷 56-69页

作者： Qiao Zhou Cenqi Yan Hongxiang li Zhendong Zhu Yujie Gao Jie Xiong Hua Tang Can Zhu Hailin Yu sandra P.Gonzalez lopez Jiayu Wang Meng Qin Jianshu li longbo luo Xiangyang liu Jiaqiang Qin Shirong lu lei Meng Frédéric laquai Yongfang li Pei Cheng College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China KAUST Solar Center Physical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China Department of Material Science and Technology Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000People’s Republic of China

Organic photovoltaics(OPVs)need to overcome limitations such as insufficient thermal stability to be *** reported approaches to improve stability either rely on the development of new materials or on tailoring the donor/acceptor morphology,however,exhibiting limited ***,it is timely to develop an easy method to enhance thermal stability without having to develop new donor/acceptor materials or donor–acceptor compatibilizers,or by introducing another third ***,a unique approach is presented,based on constructing a polymer fiber rigid network with a high glass transition temperature(T_(g))to impede the movement of acceptor and donor molecules,to immobilize the active layer morphology,and thereby to improve thermal stability.A high-T_(g) one-dimensional aramid nanofiber(ANF)is utilized for network *** OPVs with ANF network yield superior thermal stability compared to the ANF-free *** ANF network-incorporated active layer demonstrates significantly more stable morphology than the ANF-free counterpart,thereby leaving fundamental processes such as charge separation,transport,and collection,determining the device efficiency,largely *** strategy is also successfully applied to other photovoltaic *** strategy of incorporating a polymer fiber rigid network with high T_(g) offers a distinct perspective addressing the challenge of thermal instability with simplicity and universality.

关键词： Inverted organic photovoltaics Thermal stability Aramid nanofibers Morphology control Charge carrier dynamics

HISP-1 Inhibits HSV-1 Infection in Cultured Vero Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 269-288页

作者： sandra D. Adams Kevin T. Bilyk Modukuri V. Ramani Gottumukkala V. Subbaraju Department of Biology Montclair State University Montclair USA Department of Chemistry Andhara University Visakhapatnam India

Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) remains a leading cause of viral disease worldwide and is spread by direct contact with infected lesions. There is no vaccine against HSV-1 infections and there remains a need to identify therapeutics that could reduce the spread. In this study various hispolon compounds were analyzed to determine their antiviral potential against HSV-1 infections in cultured Vero cells. To determine the effects on infectivity and possible mechanisms of inhibition, the following assays were conducted. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were conducted to determine the effect of the compounds on cell viability and the maximum non-cytotoxic concentrations. Antiviral assays measured cell viability, percent inhibition of infection following treatment with the compounds, and the effect on the viral infection cycle. These effects were visualized using inverted light and fluorescent microscopy. Of the 24 hispolons tested, only hispolon pyrazole-1 (HISP-1) demonstrated antiviral effects. HISP-1 was demonstrated to effect early stages in HSV-1 infection in cultured Vero cells (attachment, penetration, and post-penetration). In silico modeling analyses were conducted to analyze the interactions between HISP-1 and viral glycoprotein D (gD). HISP-1 is safe at concentrations tested and is effective in inhibiting infection of HSV-1 in cultured cells. HISP-1 has potential for therapeutic use as an antiviral against HSV-1 infection, could work in synergy with other antivirals that work be a different modality, and could be developed as a component of a topical agent to reduce the spread of HSV-1 infections.

关键词： Hispolon Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Antiviral Curcumin

Extracellular Disintegration of Viral Proteins as an Innovative Strategy for Developing Broad-Spectrum Antivirals Against Coronavirus

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 487-496页

作者： Ke Sun Zhe Ding Xiaoying Jia Haonan Cheng Yingwen li Yan Wu Zhuoyu li Xiaohua Huang Fangxu Pu Entao li Guiyou Wang Wei Wang Yun Ding Gary Wong sandra Chiu Jiaming lan Aiguo Hu Shanghai Key laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237 CAS Key laboratory of Molecular Virology&Immunology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 State Key laboratory of Virology Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceWuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071 Division of life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230027 Department of Clinical laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230001

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has claimedmillions of lives and caused innumerable economic losses ***,state-of-the-art treatments still lag behind the continual emergence of new *** to resolving this issue is developing antivirals to deactivate coronaviruses regardless of their structural ***,we report an innovative antiviral strategy involving extracellular disintegration of viral proteins with hyperanion-grafted enediyne(EDY)*** core EDY generates reactive radical species and causes significant damage to the spike protein of coronavirus,while the hyperanion groups ensure negligible cytotoxicity of the *** EDYs exhibit antiviral activity down to nanomolar concentrations,and the selectivity index of up to 20,000 against four kinds of human coronavirus,including the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant,suggesting the high potential of this new strategy in combating the COVID-19 pandemic and a future“disease X.”

关键词： enediyne broad spectrum antiviral protein disintegration coronavirus polyanions

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诗意的日光

世界建筑 2024年第1期 30-33页

作者：无 louise Gronlund sandra Gonon(摄影) 孙斯坦(译) 丹麦皇家建筑艺术学院建筑与设计研究所 Claus Pryds建筑事务所不详

“诗意的日光”展馆展现了日光的空间品质,人们可以在一系列空间中体验日光的感性、美学以及其诗性的潜力。日光让我们了解自己在世界上的位置,以及我们每天所处的空间。建筑物的整体氛围很大程度上取决于日光。我们很愉快地看到日光从... 详细信息

“诗意的日光”展馆展现了日光的空间品质,人们可以在一系列空间中体验日光的感性、美学以及其诗性的潜力。日光让我们了解自己在世界上的位置,以及我们每天所处的空间。建筑物的整体氛围很大程度上取决于日光。我们很愉快地看到日光从早到晚的变化,并且体验到光明和黑暗如何塑造着我们周围的空间。

关键词：空间品质日光整体氛围诗意体验