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Association between Hyperglycemia, C-Reactive Protein and Other Risk Factors in Patients at Cardiovascular Risk

Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2016年第1期6卷 16-24页

作者： sandra maria barbalho Ricardo José Toffano Marcelo Dib Bechara Karina Rodrigues Quesada Marie Oshiiwa Claudemir Gregório Mendes Marcia Rocha Gabaldi Department of Biochemistry and Celular Biology Medical School of Marília UNIMAR Marília Brazil Food and Technology School of Marília (FATEC) Sao Paulo Brazil Department of the Cardiac Surgery Unit and Hemodynamics Medical School UNIMAR (Hospital Beneficente UNIMAR) Marília Brazil

Type 2 diabetes (DM2) is a syndrome characterized by postprandial hyperglycemia normally due to peripheral resistance to insulin and accounts for approximately 90% of diabetes cases worldwide and it is usually related to dyslipidemia, overweight/obesity and physical inactivity and increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to compare the metabolic and inflammatory profile of hyperglycemic with non-hyperglycemic subjects in a group of patients undergoing coronary arteriography. Our group of patients showed that 63.16% presented glycaemia above 99 mg/dL (from the hyperglycemic patients, 31 individuals were classified as glucose intolerant and 29 as diabetic). Significant differences were found for glycaemia, LDL-c (Low Density Lipoprotein), and hs-CRP (high sensitivity C reactive protein) levels. Nevertheless it is possible to observe that patients with higher glycaemia showed increased values of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL-c, Castelli Index I and II and estimative of LDL-c size particle and decreased HDL-c (High Density Lipoprotein) values. The comparison between hs-CRP levels and biochemical parameters shows significant differences for Body Mass Index, Triglycerides, HDL-c and the estimative of LDL-c particle. Also, the presence of Metabolic Syndrome is more prevalent in patients with high levels of hs-CRP. Diabetes patients have more significant increase in morbidity and mortality than the general population frequently due to further complications associated with the resistance to insulin. It is indispensable to outline the anthropometric and biochemical profile from hyperglycemic patients in order to work on secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

关键词： Hyperglycemia C-Reactive Protein Angiography Castelli Index Lipids

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The Current and Future Role of Drugs and Probiotics in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2015年第8期3卷 76-85页

作者： Maricelma da Silva Soares de Souza sandra maria barbalho Ricardo de Alvares Goulart Antonely de Cássio Alves de Carvalho Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marília Marília S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marília and Food Technology School (FATEC) Marília S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Department of Gastroenteology University Hospital-UNIMAR Marília S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Diagnostic Center in Gastroenterology Ibaiti Paraná Brazil

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and other auto-inflammatory disorders are conditions caused by chronic and persistent intestinal inflammation, which is mainly represented by Ulcerative Colitis (UC) or Crohn’s Disease (CD), both of which typically arise as chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa. Doctor’s main focus for treating IBD is the decrease on inflammation processes when the disease is active and promotes the maintenance of inflammation at normal levels. However, to deal with these two parameters is not easy, because the drugs usually used are related to several side effects and they are not totally effective to reduce inflammation and to keep the remission. Authors agree that the therapy approach should include drugs, dietary intervention and use of alternative substances as probiotics. The standard treatment approach for patients with CD and UC is traditionally done with the use of anti-inflammatory agents, like corticosteroids, mesalamine, immunomodulators such as azathioprine and methotrexate, and biologic agents such as infliximab and others. Probiotics are known as viable micro-organisms (or live microorganisms or live microbial dietary supplements) that may promote beneficial physiologic or therapeutic properties when used correctly. The interest in the role of these substances in improving human health is the reason of several researches. They may be used to help the immune system, to control gastro-intestinal infections and to prevent several diseases. Prebiotics, symbiotics, and probiotics may be helpful as adjuvants in the treatment of IBD. Probiotics are normally well-tolerated and are associated with few side effects which are undoubtedly important in the treatment of any disease.

关键词： Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Immunomodulators Biological Agents Probiotics

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Association between Neck Circumference and Glycemia in Adolescents

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2018年第3期8卷 61-69页

作者： Cláudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi Karina Quesada sandra maria barbalho Deisiane de Cassia Mulato Mirela Moris Tassiana Minardi Vitoria Esborini Nogueira Fernanda Fioravanti Bernardo Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition University of Marília (UNIMAR) S&atildeo Paulo Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition Faculty of Food Technology of Marília (FATEC) S&atildeo Paulo Brazil

Background: The determination of glycemia is an essential element for the diagnosis of diabetes or possible glycemic alterations. The body composition and fat distribution are related to this parameter. The neck circumference (NC) is an anthropometric measure that has been used to evaluate the overweight and accumulation of subcutaneous fat in the upper body, regardless of age. It is also a useful tool to predict insulin resistance and other risk factors. This research aimed to study the relationship between the NC and glycemia in adolescents and, thus, to analyze the applicability of this anthropometric measure in the screening of glycemic alterations in this group. Methods: The study population consisted of 600 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. Data on sex, birth date, NC, fasting blood glucose and stage of sexual maturation was collected. Results: The evolution of sexual maturation generated a significant difference in the NC in both sexes, but not affected glycemia. Thus, the association between NC and glycemia was investigated according to this parameter. Among the pre-pubertal adolescents, the NC was significantly higher among those who had glycemia within borderline values, and the opposite occurred among pubertal adolescents. Among post-pubertal adolescents, NC was similar between the two groups. A negative correlation was found in all adolescents, as well as among those who were in the pubertal and post-pubertal stages of sexual maturation. Differently, adolescents in the pre-pubertal stage showed a positive correlation between the NC and the biochemical parameters. Conclusion: This study showed that the relationship between the NC and glycemia varies according to the stage of sexual maturation. As this maturation factor is rarely considered in the glycemic alteration screening, the use of the NC in this age group is not safe and requires further investigations.

关键词： Adolescents Glycemia Neck Circumference Sexual Maturation Puberty

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Lipid Accumulation Product: Reliable Marker for Cardiovascular Risk Detection?

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第3期11卷 267-277页

作者： Lidiane Aparecida Vila Pires Ricardo José Tofano sandra maria barbalho Claudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi Marcelo Dib Bechara Viviane Alessandra Capelluppi Tofano Jesselina Francisco dos Santos Haber Eduardo Federighi Baisi Chagas Ana maria Gonçalvez Milla Karina Quesada School of Medicine University of Marília (UNIMAR) Marília S&#227 o Paulo Brazil Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation University of Marilia (UNIMAR) S&#227 o Paulo Brazil Cardiology Unit of the UNIMAR Beneficent Hospital (HBU) Marilia S&#227 o Paulo Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition Faculty of Food Technology of Marília Marília S&#227 o Paulo Brazil CENID (Interdisciplinary Center on Diabetes)—UNIMAR—Marília S&#227 o Paulo Brazil

The Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is a clinical marker of visceral obesity and has been proposed as a simple, inexpensive, and accurate tool to estimate cardiovascular risk and mortality. The aim of this study was to verify the association of LAP with anthropometric, biochemical, visceral adiposity index and IR in adults and the elderly. This single cross-section center clinical study, with experimental, analytical, primary, and observational design, included 210 participants. Anthropometric (Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Neck Circumference (NC)), LAP, Visceral Adipose Index (VAI), and biochemical parameters (fasting glycemia, insulinemia (to calculate the Homa-IR index), total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, and triglycerides) were evaluated. The results showed that by separating the sample into three groups (adequate BMI and WC, adequate BMI and elevated WC, and elevated BMI and WC), the group with high BMI and WC showed a high value of LAP and VAI compared to the other groups, with a significant difference. Still, the data show a positive and significant correlation when relating the LAP with VAI, HOMA-IR, BMI, WC, NC, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and Diastolic Blood Pressure. It also showed an inversely proportional relationship when associating LAP with HDL-c (p

关键词： Lipid Accumulation Product Obesity. Visceral Obesity Metabolic Syndrome Cardiovascular Risk

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COVID-19 and Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2020年第4期10卷 236-244页

作者： Vitor Fernando Bordin Miola Ana Rita de Oliveira dos Santos Bárbara de Oliveira Zanuso maria Eduarda Guelfi Pinto João Paulo Galleti Pillon Jesselina Francisco dos Santos Haber Ricardo de Alvares Goulart sandra maria barbalho Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marília (UNIMAR) S&atildeo Paulo Brazil Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation University of Marilia (UNIMAR) S&atildeo Paulo Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition Faculty of Food Technology of Marília S&atildeo Paulo Brazil

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic state in response to the number of infected and killed by COVID-19. Gestational diabetes (GD) is characterized by physiological changes making pregnant women even more vulnerable to viral respiratory infections, such as SARS-CoV-2. For these reasons and due to the restriction of data related to DMG and the involvement by COVID-19, the importance of raising information about these two conditions is evident. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a literature review about the complications of COVID-19 in patients with GD. MEDLINE-PubMed, EMBASE, and Scielo databases were searched and followed the PRISMA guidelines. Only four studies were included in the systematic review. The complications and mortality are more significant in pregnant women with diabetes since hyperglycemia promotes immune changes in the inflammatory state and worsens insulin resistance. The imbalance in the immune response favors the development of infections, the most likely being viral respiratory infections. On the other hand, other studies show insufficient recent evidence to indicate that pregnant women are more susceptible to infection with severe acute coronavirus respiratory syndrome. There are divergences between studies concerning complications related to COVID-19 in patients with GD. In view of this scenario and from the information obtained, it is noted that the literature is scarce regarding the worsening of COVID-19 in patients with GD. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research on these mechanisms that may justify their correlation.

关键词： COVID-19 Diabetes Mellitus Gestational Diabetes Hyperglycemia

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Association of Vitamin D Levels with the Metabolic Profile and Sexual Maturation Stage of Adolescents

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2018年第4期8卷 114-124页

作者： Jesselina Francisco Dos Santos Haber Karina Quesada Renata Nunes Lopes Daniela Oliveira Silva Juliana Medeiros Silva Sabrina Antonelli Cardoso Thiago Fernando Luz Cláudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi sandra maria barbalho Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry School of Medicine University of Marília (UNIMAR) S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Departme of Biochemistry and Nutrition Faculty of Food Technology of Marília (FATEC) S&atilde o Paulo Brazil

The deficiency of Vitamin D (VD) is widely prevalent worldwide in adults, but many studies show that this deficiency also affects adolescents and may be considered a global public health problem. The VD levels are particularly significant in adolescents since it influences several aspects of growth, development, and puberty. During this phase of life, both girls and boys develop reproductive aspects, and secondary sexual characteristics and the adequate nutritional status appear to be the prerequisite for normal pubertal development. Due to the importance of VD in adolescents, the objective of this study was to investigate the association of the levels of this vitamin with glycemic, lipid, and anthropometric profile and sexual maturation stages of adolescents. Anthropometric (weight and height) and biochemical (fasting glycemia, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, and triglycerides) data and VD levels were collected in 67 adolescents. 66% of the adolescents showed VD sufficiency, 28% insufficiency, and 6% showed the deficiency. There was a significant difference in VD levels between the stages of sexual maturation for boys and girls. Overweight patients had lower serum VD levels. The correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between VD and fasting glycemia and HDL-c, but with no significant difference. A negative correlation was observed between VD and cholesterol, LDL-c and triglycerides, but also with no significant difference. Once VD is crucial for bone health, and as it seems it is necessary to the homeostasis of glycemia, lipids, and body weight, we suggest that more studies should be conducted to confirm the precise role of this vitamin in the promotion and maintenance of health in this population.

关键词： Adolescents Vitamin D Glycemia Lipids Obesity

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Effects of <i>Pereskia aculeata</i>Miller on the Biochemical Profiles and Body Composition of Wistar Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2015年第7期3卷 82-89页

作者： Maricelma da Silva Soares de Souza sandra maria barbalho Elen Landgraf Guiguer Adriano Cressoni Araújo Patrícia Cincotto dos Santos Bueno Flávia maria Vasquez Farinazzi-Machado Larissa maria de Lara Lima Beatriz Clivati da Silva Claudemir Gregório Mendes Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marília Marília Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition Faculty of Food Technology of Marília (FATEC) Marília Brazil

Pereskia aculeata Miller commonly known as “ora-pro-nobis” has been used extensively in folclore medicine. Plant belongs to the family Cactacea and it is found in the Brazil (reaching Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul states). The purpose was to evaluate the effects of plant on biochemical and corporal profiles of Wistar rats. The 80 animals were divided randomly into 4 groups by sex (n = 10 females and 10 males per group) as follows: G1 group (water/rat food ad libitum);G2 group (drink A: commercial condensed milk, sugar and water/rat food ad libitum);G3 group (drink B: P. aculeata juice/rat food ad libitum);G4 group (drink C: commercial condensed milk, sugar and P. aculeate juice/rat food ad libitum). After 35 days their biochemical and corporal profiles were analyzed (cholesterol, glycemia, triglycerides, HDL-c, AST, ALT, Lee Index, weight and visceral fat). Intake of the plant caused no changes in the lipid profile of Wistar rats. However, intake in male rats of the same prevented the increase in triglycerides front of a hypercaloric diet. There were significant changes in glycemic index due to the high carbohydrate content of the plant. The plant was effective in reducing the levels of AST and ALT in male rats and ALT only in females. The use of the plant did not cause significant changes in the index of Lee but the Pereskia aculeata Miller may reduce visceral fat gain in female with a regular diet.

关键词： Pereskia aculeata Wistar Rats Glycemia Lipids Visceral Fat

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