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Expert elicitations of smallholder agroforestry practices in Seychelles:A SWOT-AHP analysis

区域可持续发展(英文) 2023年第3期4卷 282-295页

作者： Daniel ETONGO Uvicka BRISTOL Terence Epule EPULE Ajith BANDARA sandra SINON James Michel Blue Economy Research Institute University of SeychellesAnse Royale1348Seychelles Department of Environmental Sciences University of SeychellesAnse Royale1348Seychelles International Water Research Institute Mohammed VI University PolytechnicBen Guerir43150Morocco Agrifood research and development unit University of Quebec in Abitibi-Témiscamingue(UQAT)QuebecJ0Z 3B0Canada Department of Computing and Information Systems University of SeychellesAnse Royal1348Seychelles Department of Agriculture Ministry of AgricultureClimate Change and Environment(MACCE)Victoria445Seychelles

Agroforestry can leverage the co-benefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation while conserving biodiversity and restoring degraded and deforested *** preference of relevant stakeholders regarding agroforestry practices enhances sustainable land management through strategic decision-making in Seychelles and other island states.A suitable approach for assessing stakeholders'preferences of agroforestry is the implementation of the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats(SWOT)approach in combination with the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)*** entry point of this study is an extensive literature review process,during which 28 SWOT factors were *** SWOT factors were deliberated on during a half-day workshop with agricultural experts who agreed on 20 SWOT factors that reflect the local realities of the Seychelles through a consensus *** the SWOT-AHP approach,focus group discussions were conducted to examine the perceptions of researchers and extension workers about the adoption of agroforestry in *** results indicated that the positive aspects of smallholder agroforestry outweigh the negative *** example,increased agricultural production,control runoff and soil erosion receive the highest scores among the strength factors perceived by researchers and extension workers,*** willingness of international organizations to fund agroforestry-related projects and the existence of native tree species on farmlands have the highest scores among the opportunity *** lack of education,information,and communication between the government and farmers,and the small land size and crop competition have the highest scores among the weakness ***,change in government policies on land use has the highest score among the threat factors by researchers,whereas the most significant threat is climate change and variability for the extension *** provision for a 30-year land lease agreement in

关键词： Smallholder farmers Agroforestry Climate resilience Extension worker Strengths weaknesses opportunities and threats(SWOT) Analytic hierarchy process(AHP) Seychelles

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Assessment of food supplementation and surveillance as techniques to reduce damage caused by black capuchin monkeys Sapajus nigritus to forest plantations

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 581-590页

作者： sandra Bos MIKICH Laboratory of Ecology (Laborat6rio de Ecologia) Embrapa Florestas Caixa Postal 319 CEP 83411-000 Colombo PR Brazil Black Capuchin Monkey Program (Programa Macaco-prego) National Fund for the Control of Forest Pests (Fundo Nacional de Controle de Pragas Florestais) Dieter Liebsch Environmental Consulting (Dieter Liebsch Consultoria Ambiental) Curitiba PR Brazil dieterliebsch@yahoo.com.br

Black capuchin monkeysSapajus nigritusare among several mammalian species that damage forest plantations, primarily plantations of pine trees (Pinusspp.) in South Brazil. Management practices to reduce these damages include supplementary food offerings and plantation surveillance. To assess the efficiency of these techniques, four treatments were evaluated: feeding (F, with supplementary bananas and maize), surveillance (S,in situ, wherein men patrolled the plantations, deterring the monkeys), feeding + surveillance (FS) and control (no procedures) (C). The efficiency assessment of each treatment involved the number of recorded primate sightings in the treatments with the presence of guards (S and FS) and a damage inventory of the outskirts of the experimental points immediately before and after the experiment. These data were complemented by a simultaneous study of the availability of fruit, the primary item in the diet of this primate species, in the remnant native forest in the study area. Most sightings ofS. nigritusoccurred early in the morning, and in general, sightings were inversely proportional to the availability of native fruits. This trend was most evident in treatment FS, most likely due to the presence of food. Treatments F and FS exhibited higher percentages of damage, indicating that these are inefficient management techniques. Treatment S exhibited the lowest damage rate, but at a high cost, making this technique difficult to apply over large expanses. The development of other management techniques, such as environmental enrichment and the use of deterrents, is recommended to minimize the damage caused by capuchins in forest plantations.

关键词：管理技术效率评估卷尾猴人工林食物损失灵长类动物种植园

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Biochemical and Physiological Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves to Moderate Mechanical Stimulation

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第3期92卷 901-920页

作者： Iva Šutevski Klara Krmpotić sandra Vitko Nataša Bauer Eva Fancev Mario Cifrek Željka Vidaković-Cifrek Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia

Mechanical stimulation of plants can be caused by various abiotic and biotic environmental *** from the negative consequences,it can also cause positive changes,such as acclimatization of plants to stress ***,it is necessary to study the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying the response of plants to mechanical *** aim was to evaluate the response of model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to a moderate force of 5 N(newton)for 20 s,which could be compared with the pressure caused by animal movement and weather conditions such as heavy *** stimulated leaves were sampled 1 h after exposure and after a recovery period of 20 *** study a possible systemic response,unstimulated leaves of treated plants were collected 20 h after exposure alongside the stimulated leaves from the same *** effect of stimulation was assessed by measuring oxidative stress parameters,antioxidant enzymes activity,total phenolics,and photosynthetic *** leaves showed increased lipid peroxidation 1 h after treatment and increased superoxide dismutase activity and phenolic oxidation rate after a 20-h recovery *** photosynthetic performance after the 20-h recovery period,the effective quantum yield of the photosystem II was lower in the stimulated leaves,whereas photochemical quenching was lower in the unstimulated leaves of the treated *** quenching was lower in the stimulated leaves 1 h after *** study suggested that plants sensed moderate force,but it did not induce pronounced change in metabolism or photosynthetic *** component analysis distinguished three groups–leaves of untreated plants,leaves analysed 1 h after stimulation,while stimulated and unstimulated leaves of treated plants analysed 20 h after treatment formed together the third *** grouping of stimulated and unstimulated leaves of treated plants could indicate signal transducti

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana mechanical stimulation oxidative stress antioxidant enzymes photosynthetic performance systemic response

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Targeting MYC-driven lymphoma:lessons learned and future directions

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第2期6卷 205-222页

作者： sandra Martínez-Martín Marie-Eve Beaulieu Laura Soucek 无 Peptomyc S.L. Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Preclinical&Translational Research Program Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology(VHIO)Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterra 08193Spain InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats(ICREA) Barcelona 08010Spain

MYC plays a central role in tumorigenesis by orchestrating cell proliferation,growth and survival,among other transformation *** particular,MYC has often been associated with *** fact,MYC overexpressing lymphomas such as high-grade B-cell lymphoma(HGBL)and double expressor diffuse large B-cell lymphomas(DLBCL),are considered addicted to *** such a context,MYC targeting therapies are of special interest,as MYC withdrawal is expected to result in tumor ***,whether high MYC levels are always predictive of increased sensitivity to these approaches is not clear *** though no MYC inhibitor has received regulatory approval to date,substantial efforts have been made to investigate avenues to render MYC a druggable ***,we summarize the different classes of molecules currently under development,which mostly target MYC indirectly in aggressive B-cell lymphomas,paying special attention to subtypes with MYC/BCL2 or BCL6 translocations or overexpression.

关键词： High-grade B-cell lymphoma double expressor lymphoma MYC MYC therapies

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Enabling Virtual Met Masts for wind energy applications through machinelearning-methods

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2023年第1期11卷 26-42页

作者： sandra Schwegmann Janosch Faulhaber Sebastian Pfaffel Zhongjie Yu Martin Dörenkämper Kristian Kersting Julia Gottschall Fraunhofer IWES Küpkersweg 7026129 OldenburgGermany Fraunhofer IEE Königstor 5934119 KasselGermany Technical University of Darmstadt Karolinenplatz 564289 DarmstadtGermany Hessian Center for AI(hessian.AI) Mornewegstraße 3064293 DarmstadtGermany

As wind is the basis of all wind energy projects, a precise knowledge about its availability is needed. For ananalysis of the site-specific wind conditions, Virtual Meteorological Masts (VMMs) are frequently used. VMMsmake use of site calibrated numerical data to provide precise wind estimates during all phases of a wind energyproject. Typically, numerical data are used for the long-term correlation that is required for estimating theyield of new wind farm projects. However, VMMs can also be used to fill data gaps or during the operationalphase as an additional reference data set to detect degrading sensors. The value of a VMM directly dependson its ability and precision to reproduce site-specific environmental conditions. Commonly, linear regressionis used as state of the art to correct reference data to the site-specific conditions. In this study, a frameworkof 10 different machine-learning methods is tested to investigated the benefit of more advanced methods ontwo offshore and one onshore site. We find significantly improving correlations between the VMMs and the reference data when using more advanced methods and present the most promising ones. The K-NearestNeighbors and AdaBoost regressors show the best results in our study, but Multi-Output Mixture of GaussianProcesses is also very promising. The use of more advanced regression models lead to decreased uncertainties;hence those methods should find its way into industrial applications. The recommended regression models canserve as a starting point for the development of end-user applications and services.

关键词： Virtual Met Mast(VMM) Wind power Machine learning Reanalysis data Site assessment Weather Research and Forecasting Model(WRF) Measure-Correlate-Predict(MCP)

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Australian children living with rare diseases:health service use and barriers to accessing care

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第7期19卷 701-709页

作者： Suzy Teutsch Yvonne Zurynski Guy DEslick Marie Deverell John Christodoulou Helen Leonard Troy Dalkeith sandra LJJohnson Elizabeth JElliott Faculty of Medicine and Health Discipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustraliaAustralian Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit Kids ResearchSydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadNSWAustralia Australian Institute of Health Innovation Center for Healthcare Resilience and Implementation Scienceand NHMRC Partnership Centre in Health System SustainabilityMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustraliaFaculty of Medicine and HealthDiscipline of Child and Adolescent HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Government Department of Health Western Australia PerthWAAustralia Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services Royal Children's HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Paediatrics The University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWAAustralia Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service Sydney Children's Hospitals NetworkWestmeadNSWAustralia

Background Children with rare diseases experience challenges at home and school and frequently require multi-disciplinary *** aimed to determine health service utilization by Australian children with rare diseases and barriers to access-ing *** Parents completed an online survey on health professional and emergency department(ED)presentations,hospi-talization,and barriers to accessing *** barriers to service access included residential location(city,regional,remote)and child health-related functioning,determined using a validated,parent-completed measure-of-function *** Parents of 462 children with over 240 rare diseases completed the *** with the general population,these children were more likely to be hospitalized[odds ratio(OR)=17.25,95%confidence interval(CI)=15.50-19.20]and present to the ED(OR=4.15,95%CI=3.68-4.68)or a family physician(OR=4.14,95%CI=3.72-4.60).Child functional impairment was nil/mild(31%),moderate(48%)or severe(22%).Compared to children with nil/mild impair-ment,those with severe impairment were more likely to be hospitalized(OR=13.39,95%CI=7.65-23.44)and present to the ED(OR=11.16,95%CI=6.46-19.27).Most children(75%)lived in major cities,but children from regional(OR=2.78,95%CI=1.72-4.55)and remote areas(OR=9.09,95%CI=3.03-25.00)experienced significantly more barriers to healthcare access than children from major *** included distance to travel,out-of-pocket costs,and lack of specialist medical and other health *** Children with rare diseases,especially those with severe functional impairment have an enormous impact on health services,and better integrated multidisciplinary services with patient-centered care are *** must be improved for children living in rural and remote settings.

关键词： Access Health functioning Health service use Rare diseases

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Catalytic domain of PDC-E2 contains epitopes recognized by antimitochondrial antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第8期16卷 973-981页

作者： sandra Braun Christoph Berg sandra Buck Michael Gregor Reinhild Klein Department of Internal Medicine University of Tuebingen Department of Internal Medicine University of Tuebingen

AIM:To search for further immunodominant peptides of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2-component (PDC-E2) recognized by antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). METHODS:Sera from 95 patients with PBC were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against 33 synthetic overlapping peptides (25 amino acids; aa) covering the entire length of the E2-subunit of PDC-E2. Furthermore,the inner lipoyl peptide 167-184 was used in an unlip oylated and a lipoylated form as well as coupled to ovalbumin. Sera from 11 AMA negative/ANA posit ive PBC patients,63 patients with other liver disorders and 22 healthy blood donors served as ***:Of the 95 PBC-sera,74% reacted with the peptide 475-499 and 58% with the pept ide 407-431 located within the catalytic domain of PDC-E2. Patients with other disorders or healthy controls were positive in only up to 18%. Antibodies to the unlipoylatedand lip oylated pept ide 167-184 within the inner lipoyl domain were found in only 5% and 11% of the PBC sera,respectively; using ovalbumin-coupled peptides,the incidence increased up to 57% (unlipoylated form). CONCLUSION:Peptides within the catalytic site of PDC-E2 rather than the previously reported lipoyl binding peptide 167-184 may represent major immunodomin ant epitopes recognized by AMA in PBC.

关键词： Anti-M2 Epitope mapping E2-subunit Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Inner lipoyl domain Active site Catalytic domain Primary biliary cirrhosis

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Ebola virus VP35 perturbs type I interferon signaling to facilitate viral replication

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第6期38卷 922-930页

作者： Zengguo Cao Chenchen Liu Cheng Peng Yong Ran Yulin Yao Gengfu Xiao Entao Li Zixi Chen Xia Chuai sandra Chiu Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190China National Biosafety Laboratory Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430020China Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of Chin1Hefei230026China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal BiotechnologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant EpigeneticsCollege of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

As one of the deadliest viruses,Ebola virus(EBOV)causes lethal hemorrhagic fevers in humans and nonhuman *** suppression of innate immunity leads to robust systemic virus replication of EBOV,leading to enhanced ***,the mechanism of EBOV-host interaction is not fully ***,we identified multiple dysregulated genes in early stage of EBOV infection through transcriptomic analysis,which are highly clustered to Jak-STAT *** VP35 and VP30 were found to inhibit type I interferon(IFN)***,exogenous expression of VP35 blocks the phosphorylation of endogenous STAT1,and suppresses nuclear translocation of *** serial truncated mutations of VP35,N-terminal 1–220amino acid residues of VP35 were identified to be essential for blocking on type I IFN ***,VP35 of EBOV suppresses type I IFN signaling more efficiently than those of Bundibugyo virus(BDBV)and Marburg virus(MARV),resulting in stable replication to facilitate the ***,this study enriches understanding on EBOV evasion of innate immune response,and provides insights into the interplay between filoviruses and host.

关键词： Ebola virus(EBOV) Type I interferon(IFN)signaling Viral replication

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HBV precore G1896A mutation promotes growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by activating ERK/MAPK pathway

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第5期38卷 680-689页

作者： Baoxin Zhao Hongxiu Qiao Yan Zhao Zhiyun Gao Weijie Wang Yan Cui Jian Li Zhanjun Guo Xia Chuai sandra Chiu Institute of Medical and Health Science Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang050017China Department of Pathogen Biology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang050017China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang050000China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430207China Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is one of the leading causes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The HBV genome is prone to mutate and several variants are closely related to the malignant transformation of liver disease.G1896A mutation(G to A mutation at nucleotide 1896)is one of the most frequently observed mutations in the precore region of HBV,which prevents HBeAg expression and is strongly associated with ***,the mechanisms by which this mutation causes HCC are ***,we explored the function and molecular mechanisms of the G1896A mutation during HBV-associated HCC.G1896A mutation remarkably enhanced the HBV replication in ***,it increased tumor formation and inhibited apoptosis of hepatoma cells,and decreased the sensitivity of HCC to ***,the G1896A mutation could activate ERK/MAPK pathway to enhanced sorafenib resistance in HCC cells and augmented cell survival and ***,our study demonstrates for the first time that the G1896A mutation has a dual regulatory role in exacerbating HCC severity and sheds some light on the treatment of G1896A mutation-associated HCC patients.

关键词： HBV G1896A mutation Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) Proliferation Apoptosis ERK/MAPK

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Pork Meat Quality of Preto Alentejano and Commercial Largewhite Landrace Cross

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第11期12卷 1961-1971页

作者： Alfredo Teixeira sandra Rodrigues Veterinary and Animal Reserch Centre (CECAV) Agrarian School of Polytechnic Institute of BraganaCampus Sta Apolónia Apt.1172Bragan a 5301-855Portugal Mountain Research Centre(CIMO) Agrarian School of Polytechnic Institute of BraganaCampus Sta Apolónia Apt.1172Bragan a 5301-855Portugal

This work aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical characteristics of pork from a local breed （Portuguese black pork called Preto Alentejano） and a commercial breed. Sixteen animals were used, 4 females and 4 males from each breed. Animals had 80-100 kg of live weight. The longissimus muscle between the 5th thoracic vertebra and the 10th lumbar vertebra was used in the analysis. Samples were analysed for protein, fat, pigments, ashes, dry mater, water-holding capacity, and texture. Results of fat and pigments contents indicate signiifcant （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01） differences for all treatments. For protein, ashes, dry mater, water-holding capacity and texture, no signiifcant differences were found for sex. In the analysis of fatty acids composition, ten were detected, being the main ones C16：0, C18：0, C16：1, C18：1, C18：2. There was a predominance of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA）, followed by saturated （SFA） and polyunsaturated （PUFA）. Differences were signiifcant for sex （P〈0.01） and breed （P〈0.01）. Preto Alentejano breed and females presented the higher percentages of SFA （P〈0.01） and MUFA （P〈0.001） fatty acids. Differences between breeds might be due to breed production system and feed differences.

关键词： breed sex pork meat quality

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