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Gut microbiota in preterm infants receiving breast milk or mixed feeding

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 135-145页

作者： sandra gabriela sánchez-gonzález Bárbara gabriela Cárdenas-del-Castillo Elvira Garza-gonzález Gerardo R Padilla-Rivas Isaías Rodríguez-Balderrama Consuelo Treviño-Garza Fernando Félix Montes-Tapia Gerardo C Palacios-saucedo Anthony Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Manuel Enrique de-la-O-Cavazos Department of Pediatrics Hospital Universitario“Dr.JoséEleuterio González”Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico Department of Pediatric surgery Hospital Universitario"Dr.JoséEleuterio González"Monterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico

BACKGROUND Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in newborns,with very-low-birthweight infants usually experiencing several complications.Breast milk is considered the gold standard of nutrition,especially for preterm infants with delayed gut colonization,because it contains beneficial microorganisms,such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria.AIM To analyze the gut microbiota of breastfed preterm infants with a birth weight of 1500 g or less.METHODs An observational study was performed on preterm infants with up to 36.6 wk of gestation and a birth weight of 1500 g or less,born at the University Hospital Dr.JoséEleuterio gonzález at Monterrey,Mexico.A total of 40 preterm neonates were classified into breast milk feeding(BM)and mixed feeding(MF)groups(21 in the BM group and 19 in the MF group),from October 2017 to June 2019.Fecal samples were collected before they were introduced to any feeding type.After full enteral feeding was achieved,the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16s rRNA gene sequencing.Numerical variables were compared using student’s t-test or using the Mann–Whitney U test for nonparametric variables.Dominance,evenness,equitability,Margalef’s index,Fisher’s alpha,Chao-1 index,and shannon’s diversity index were also calculated.REsULTs No significant differences were observed at the genus level between the groups.Class comparison indicated higher counts of Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the initial compared to the final sample of the BM group(Ps of Gammaproteobacteria were detected in the final than in the initial sample(P=0.040).According to the Margalef index,Fisher’s alpha,and Chao-1 index,a decrease in species richness from the initial to the final sample,regardless of the feeding type,was observed(Ps,Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria,with Proteobacteria being the most abundant.However,no significant differences were observed between the initial and final samples

关键词： Gut microbiota Human milk Preterm infant Proteobacteria Very low birth weight 16s rRNA

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Detection and determination of undeclared synthetic caffeine in weight loss formulations using HPLC-DAD and UHPLC-Ms/Ms

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 366-372页

作者： Carine Viana gabriela M.Zemolin Thaís R.Dal Molin Luciana Gobo sandra Maria Ribeiro gabriela C.Leal gabriela Z.Marcon Leandro M.de Carvalho Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical sciences Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Center of Health sciences Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Department of Chemistry Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM)

Caffeine is present in products marketed for weight loss, with the purpose of increasing thermogenesis and lipid metabolism. The dosage declared by the product manufacturer, or even its presence, is not always correctly described on the label. This work aimed to investigate the undeclared synthetic caffeine in weight loss formulations by a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection(HPLC-DAD) method. From one hundred products purchased through Brazilian e-commerce, seventeen contained caffeine, either naturally or synthetically added to formulation. The caffeine-containing samples were confirmed by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Ms/Ms) method, and adulteration was clearly proven in five products. The content highest caffeine contained 448.8 mg per dose. Other irregularities were also found; nevertheless, the most serious was the addition of synthetic drugs without asking the consumers. Additional drugs expose the consumer to more possible side-effects as well as deleterious drug interactions. Intentional adulteration with any unlabeled substance is typically motivated by a desire to increase or alter the claimed effect of the marketed product to gain a commercial advantage.

关键词： Undeclared synthetic caffeine Weight loss formulations HPLC-DAD UHPLC-Ms/Ms

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Microbiota modification by probiotic supplementation reduces colitis associated colon cancer in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第18期24卷 1995-2008页

作者： Maria Carolina s Mendes Daiane sM Paulino sandra R Brambilla Juliana A Camargo gabriela F Persinoti José Barreto C Carvalheira Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Brazilian Bioethanol science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE) Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM)

AIM To investigate the effect of probiotic supplementation during the development of an experimental model of colitis associated colon cancer(CAC). METHODs C57 BL/6 mice received an intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane(10 mg/kg), followed by three cycles of sodium dextran sulphate diluted in water(5% w/v). Probiotic group received daily a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacil us rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium bifidum. Microbiota composition was assessed by 16 sr RNA Illumina Hi seq sequencing. Colon samples were collected for histological analysis. Tumor cytokines was assessed by Real Time-PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction); and serum cytokines by Multiplex assay. All tests were two-sided. The level of significance was set at P s were generated and statistical analysis performed using the software Graph Pad Prism 5.0. The project was approved by the institutional review board committee. REsULTs At day 60 after azoxymethane injection, the mean number of tumours in the probiotic group was 40% lower than that in the control group, and the probiotic group exhibited tumours of smaller size(s no difference in richness and diversity between groups. However, there was a significant difference in beta diversity in the multidimensional scaling analysis. The abundance of the genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Allobaculum, Clostridium XI and Clostridium XVⅢ increased in the probiotic group(P s accompanied by reduced colitis, demonstrated by a 46% reduction in the colon inflammatory index; reduced expression of the serum chemokines RANTEs and Eotaxin; decreased p-IKK and TNF-α and increased IL-10 expression in the colon. CONCLUsION Our results suggest a potential chemopreventive effect of probiotic on CAC. Probiotic supplementation changes microbiota structure and regulates the inflammatory response, reducing colitis and preventing CAC.

关键词： Intestinal microbiota Chemoprevention Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus rhamnosus Bifidobacterium bifidum

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Differential expression of the fractalkine chemokine receptor （CX3CR 1） in human rnonocytes during differentiation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第6期12卷 669-680页

作者： Cecilia Analia Panek Maria Victoria Ramos Maria Pilar Mejias Maria Iimena Abrey-Recalde Romina Iimena Fernandez-Brando Maria soledad Gori gabriela Veronica salamone2 Marina sandra Palermo Laboratorio de Patogenesis e Inmunologfa de Procesos Infecciosos Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX CONICET) Academia Nacional de Medicina Buenos Aires Argentina and Laboratorio de Celulas Presentadoras de Antfgeno y Respuesta Inflamatoria IMEX-CONICET Academia Nacional de Medicina Buenos Aires Argentina

Circulating monocytes （Mos） may continuously repopulate macrophage （MAC） or dendritic cell （DC） populations to maintain homeostasis. MACs and DCs are specialized cells that play different and complementary immunological functions. Accordingly, they present distinct migratory properties. specifically, whereas MACs largely remain in tissues, DCs are capable of migrating from peripheral tissues to lymphoid organs. The aim of this work was to analyze the expression of the fractalkine receptor （CX3CR1） during the monocytic differentiation process. Freshly isolated Mos express high levels of both CX3CR1 mRNA and protein. During the Mo differentiation process, CX3CR1 is downregulated in both DCs and MACs. However, MACs showed significantly higher CX3CR1 expression levels than did DC. We also observed an antagonistic CX3CR1 regulation by interferon （IFN）-γ and interleukin （IL）-4 during MAC activation through the classical and alternative MAC pathways, respectively. IFN-γinhibited the loss of CX3CR1, but IL-4 induced it. Additionally, we demonstrated an association between CX3CR1 expression and apoptosis prevention by soluble fractalkine （sCX3CL1） in Mos, DCs and MACs. This is the first report demonstrating sequential and differential CX3CR1 modulation during Mo differentiation. Most importantly, we demonstrated a functional link between CX3CR1 expression and cell survival in the presence of sCX3CL1.

关键词： dendritic cells fractalkine receptor macrophages monocytes survival

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strategies for the Extraction, Purification and Amplification of Metagenomic DNA from soil Growing sugarcane

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2014年第4期4卷 281-289页

作者： Luis Raúl Gutiérrez-Lucas Juan José Montor-Antonio Nohemí gabriela Cortés-López sandra del Moral División de Estudios de Posgrado Universidad del Papaloapan Tuxtepec México Instituto de Biotecnología. Universidad del Papaloapan Tuxtepec Oaxaca México

Recently, studies were initiated to investigate the metagenome, which represents the genomes of cultured and uncultured microbes, as a rich source for isolation of many novel genes. The meta-genomic approach originated from the molecular analysis of microbial communities, which revealed that the majority of microorganisms in nature were not cultivable by standard culturing techniques. Therefore, most microorganisms in nature have not been characterized. Although numerous methods have been reported for direct DNA isolation and purification from microorganisms in soil, the sample preparation procedures and experimental conditions used in different studies vary widely. soils are therefore one of the most challenging environmental matrices from which to obtain microbial DNA that will support PCR. The Papaloapan River is the second largest river basin in México. For the climatic conditions of this region, there is great diversity in plants, animals and microorganisms. In the Papaloapan region different fruits are grown, however, the main crops are sugarcane and pineapple. In this work the extraction of DNA from soils of sugarcane cultivation was performed. We used PCR tests to assess the quality of DNA extracted from soil by amplifying the 16s rDNA gene. Changes in both protocols were performed;satisfactory results were obtained as to the quality of DNA and gene amplification. These results will allow continuing the metagenomic studies, such as sequencing, library construction and identification of enzymes cellulase and amylase activity. It is the first time these studies were performed in the Papaloapan region.

关键词： Metagenomic soil DNA Metagenome Papaloapan Basin

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