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The delivery of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2(NDRG2)self-amplifying mRNA via modified lipid nanoparticles as a potential treatment for drug-resistant and metastatic cancers

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Medical Review 2024年第3期4卷 235-238页

作者： sandra e.reznik Amit K.Tiwari Vivek Chavda Charles R.Ashby Jr. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensUSA Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUSA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little RockUSA Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology L.M.College of Pharmacy AhmedabadIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensNY 11439USA

The protein,N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2(NDRG2),a tumor suppressor,is significantly decreased or absent in many types of *** is a significant negative correlation between the levels of NDRG2 and the development and progression of cancer tumor recurrence and tumor invasion,in different *** contrast,the in vitro and in vivo overexpression of the NDRG2 protein decreases the proliferation,growth,adhesion and migration of many types of cancer *** in vitro overexpression of NDRG2 increases the efficacy of certain anticancer drugs in specific types of cancer *** hypothesize that the delivery of the mRNA of the NDRG2 protein,encapsulated by lipid nanoparticles,could represent a potential treatment of metastatic and drug-resistant *** would be accomplished using a self-amplifying mRNA that encodes the NDRG2 protein and an RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase,obtained from an in vitrotranscribed(IVT)*** IVT mRNA would be encapsulated in a lipid *** efficacy of the nanoformulation would be determined in cultured cancer cells and if the results are positive,nude mice transplanted with either drug-resistant or metastatic drug-resistant cancer cells,would be treated with the nanoformulation and monitored for efficacy and adverse *** the appropriate preclinical studies indicate this formulation is efficacious and safe,it is possible it could be evaluated in clinical trials.

关键词： N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2(NDRG2) cancer self-amplifying mRNA nanoparticle

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Critical review of strategies for CO_2 delivery to large-scale microalgae cultures

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2219-2228页

作者： Qi Zheng Xiaoyin Xu Gregory J.O.Martin sandra e.Kentish Peter Cook Centre for CCS Research Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne Algal Processing Group Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne

Microalgae have great, yet relatively untapped potential as a highly productive crop for the production of animal and aquaculture feed, biofuels, and nutraceutical products. Compared to conventional terrestrial crops they have a very fast growth rate and can be produced on non-arable land. During microalgae cultivation, carbon dioxide(CO_2) is supplied as the carbon source for photosynthesising microalgae. There are a number of potential CO_2 supplies including air, flue gas and purified CO_2. In addition, several strategies have been applied to the delivery of CO_2 to microalgae production systems, including directly bubbling CO_2-rich gas, microbubbles, porous membrane spargers and non-porous membrane contactors. This article provides a comparative analysis of the different CO_2 supply and delivery strategies and how they relate to each other.

关键词： Bubble Carbon dioxide Flue gas Bioreactors

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阻燃和抑烟应用的氢氧化镁

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橡胶参考资料 1996年第8期26卷 25-27页

作者： P.Georlette e.reznik O.Kalisky 李婷

前言由于要求减少因燃烧时腐蚀性和毒性材料的散发而造成危险的结果,特别在电缆应用中已做了很大的努力,致力于开发非卤素阻燃剂(NHFR)。氢氧化镁能起到有效非腐蚀性阻燃剂和烟抑制剂的作用。

关键词：氢氧化镁阻燃剂抑烟

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Development of barium@alginate adsorbents for sulfate removal in lithium refining

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2021年第1期15卷 198-207页

作者： Lisa Xu Kaifei Chen George Q.Chen sandra e.Kentish Gang(Kevin)Li Department of Chemical engineering The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

The demand for lithium has been steadily growing in recent years due to the boom of electric *** purity lithium is commonly used in the manufacture of battery grade lithium *** residuals originating from acid leaching of lithium ores must be limited to below 20 mg·L^(−1) during *** are methods to remove sulfate such as membrane processing and chemical precipitation using barium ***,membrane separation is unable to achieve the required purity while chemical precipitation often causes secondary contamination with barium and requires extra filtration processes that lead to increased processing *** this study,we developed a polymeric matrix entrapped with barium ions as a novel adsorbent to selectively adsorb sulfate in aqueous *** adsorbent was prepared by dropwise injection method where alginate droplets were crosslinked with barium to form hydrogel *** a typical scenario,the microcapsules had a diameter of 3 mm and contained 5 wt-%*** microcapsules could successfully reduce sulfate concentration in a solution from 100 to 16 mg·L^(−1),exceeding the removal ***,the microcapsules were mechanically unstable in the presence of an excess amount of ***,calcium ions were added as a secondary crosslinking agent to improve the integrity of the *** two-step Ca/Ba@alginate microcapsules showed an exceptional adsorption performance,reducing the sulfate concentration to as low as 0.02 mg·L^(−1).Since the sulfate selective microcapsules can be easily removed from the aqueous system and do not result in secondary barium contamination,these Ca/Ba@alginate adsorbents will find applications in ultra-refining of lithium in industry.

关键词： barium@alginate microcapsules dropwise injection sulfate removal lithium

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Marginal zone B cells are naturally reactive to collagen type II and are involved in the initiation of the immune response in collagen-induced arthritis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第4期8卷 296-304页

作者： Cecilia Carnrot Kajsa e Prokopec Kristina Rasbo Mikael CI Karlsson sandra Kleinau Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Department of Medicine Unit of Clinical Allergy ResearchThe Karolinska InstituteSolnaSweden

Antibodies against type II collagen(CII)are essential for development of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA),but how and where the B-cell response to CII is initiated is not fully *** show here that naive DBA/1 mice display naturally reactive IgM and IgG anti-CII producing B cells prior to *** CII-reactive B cells were observed in the spleen and recognized as marginal zone(MZ)B *** CII immunization,CII-specific B cells expanded rapidly in the spleen,in contrast to the lymph nodes,with the initial response derived from MZ B cells and later by follicular(FO)B *** was evident despite that the MZ B cells were subject to stringent tolerance mechanisms by having a greater Fc gamma receptor IIb expression than the FO B ***,the MZ B cells migrated to the FO areas upon immunization,possibly providing antigen and activating FO T cells and subsequently FO B ***,around CIA onset increased numbers of IgG anti-CII producing FO B cells was seen in the spleen,which was dominated by IgG2a-and IgG2b-positive *** data demonstrate that CII-reactive MZ B cells are present before and expand after CII immunization,suggesting an initiating role of MZ B cells in the development of CIA.

关键词： arthritis B cells collagen type II eLISpot marginal zone mice

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Catalytic domain of PDC-e2 contains epitopes recognized by antimitochondrial antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第8期16卷 973-981页

作者： sandra Braun Christoph Berg sandra Buck Michael Gregor Reinhild Klein Department of Internal Medicine University of Tuebingen Department of Internal Medicine University of Tuebingen

AIM:To search for further immunodominant peptides of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex e2-component (PDC-e2) recognized by antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). MeTHODS:Sera from 95 patients with PBC were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against 33 synthetic overlapping peptides (25 amino acids; aa) covering the entire length of the e2-subunit of PDC-e2. Furthermore,the inner lipoyl peptide 167-184 was used in an unlip oylated and a lipoylated form as well as coupled to ovalbumin. Sera from 11 AMA negative/ANA posit ive PBC patients,63 patients with other liver disorders and 22 healthy blood donors served as ***:Of the 95 PBC-sera,74% reacted with the peptide 475-499 and 58% with the pept ide 407-431 located within the catalytic domain of PDC-e2. Patients with other disorders or healthy controls were positive in only up to 18%. Antibodies to the unlipoylatedand lip oylated pept ide 167-184 within the inner lipoyl domain were found in only 5% and 11% of the PBC sera,respectively; using ovalbumin-coupled peptides,the incidence increased up to 57% (unlipoylated form). CONCLUSION:Peptides within the catalytic site of PDC-e2 rather than the previously reported lipoyl binding peptide 167-184 may represent major immunodomin ant epitopes recognized by AMA in PBC.

关键词： Anti-M2 epitope mapping e2-subunit Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Inner lipoyl domain Active site Catalytic domain Primary biliary cirrhosis

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Hyper-chaos encryption using convolutional masking and model free unmasking

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第5期23卷 161-166页

作者：齐国元 sandra Bazebo Matondo Department of electrical engineerin Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria

In this paper, during the masking process the encrypted message is convolved and embedded into a Qi hyper-chaotic system characterizing a high disorder degree. The masking scheme was tested using both Qi hyper-chaos and Lorenz chaos and indicated that Qi hyper-chaos based masking can resist attacks of the filtering and power spectrum analysis, while the Lorenz based scheme fails for high amplitude data. To unmask the message at the receiving end, two methods are proposed. In the first method, a model-free synchronizer, i.e. a multivariable higher-order differential feedback controller between the transmitter and receiver is employed to de-convolve the message embedded in the receiving signal. In the second method, no synchronization is required since the message is de-convolved using the information of the estimated derivative.

关键词： Qi hyper-chaos masking high-order differentiator chaos-based encryption

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Function and regulation of self-reactive marginal zone B cells in autoimmune arthritis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第4期12卷 493-503页

作者： Anna-Karin e Palm Heike C Friedrich Anja Mezger Maya Salomonsson Linda K Myers sandra Kleinau Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Department of Pediatrics University of Tennessee Health ScienceCenter Memphis TN USA

Polyreactive innate-type B cells account for many B cells expressing self-reactivity in the periphery. Improper regulation of these B cells may be an important factor that underlies autoimmune disease. Here we have explored the influence of self-reactive innate B cells in the development of collagen-induced arthritis （CIA）, a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis. We show that splenic marginal zone （MZ）, but not B- 1 B cells exhibit spontaneous IgM reactivity to autologous collagen II in na＇=＇ve mice. Upon immunization with heterologous collagen II in complete Freund＇s adjuvant the collagen-reactive MZ B cells expanded rapidly, while the B-1 B cells showed a modest anti-collagen response. The MZ B cells were easily activated by toll-like receptor （TLR） 4 and 9-1igands in vitro, inducing proliferation and cytokine secretion, implying that dual engagement of the B-cell receptor and TLRs may promote the immune response to self-antigen. Furthermore, collagen-primed MZ B cells showed significant antigen-presenting capacity as reflected by cognate T-cell proliferation in vitroand induction of IgG anti-collagen antibodies in vivo. MZ B cells that were deficient in complement receptors I and 2 demonstrated increased proliferation and cytokine production, while Fcy receptor lib deficiency of the cells lead to increased cytokine production and antigen presentation. In conclusion, our data highlight self-reactive MZ B cells as initiators of the autoimmune response in CIA, where complement and Fc receptors are relevant in controlling the self-reactivity in the cells.

关键词： arthritis complement receptors Fc receptors marginal zone B cells, mice

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Carbon dioxide capture by solvent absorption using amino acids: A review

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2229-2237页

作者： Guoping Hu Kathryn H.Smith Yue Wu Kathryn A.Mumford sandra e.Kentish Geoffrey W.Stevens Peter Cook Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage Research (PCC) Particulate Fluids Processing Centre (PFPC)Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne

The emission of large amounts of carbon dioxide is of major concern with regard to increasing the risk of climate change. Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) has been proposed as an important pathway for slowing the rate of these emissions. Solvent absorption of CO_2 using amino acid solvents has drawn much attention over the last few years due to advantages including their ionic nature, low evaporation rate, low toxicity, high absorption rate and high biodegradation potential, compared to traditional amine solvents. In this review, recent progress on the absorption kinetics of amino acids is summarised, and the engineering potential of using amino acids as carbon capture solvents is discussed. The reaction orders between amino acids and carbon dioxide are typ- ically between 1 and 2. Glycine exhibits a reaction order of 1, whilst, by comparison, lysine, proline and sarcosine have the largest reaction constants with carbon dioxide which is much larger than that of the benchmark solvent monoethanolamine (MeA). Ionic strength, p H and cations such as sodium and potassium have been shown to be important factors influencing the reactivity of amino acids. Corrosivity and reactivity with impurities such as SOx and NOxare not considered to be significant problems for amino acids solvents. The precipitation of CO_2 loaded amino acid salts is thought to be a good pathway for increasing CO_2loading capacity and cutting desorption energy costs if well-controlled. It is recommended that more detailed research on amino acid degradation and overall process energy costs is conducted. Overall, amino acid solvents are recognised as promising potential solvents for car- bon dioxide capture.

关键词： Amino acids Carbon capture Absorption Solvents

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Preservation of sperm of cancer patients： extent of use and pregnancy outcome in a tertiary infertility center

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 382-386页

作者： Amnon Botchan Shiri Karpol Ofer Lehavi Gedalia Paz sandra e Kleiman LeahYogev Haim Yavetz Ron Hauser The Institute for the Study of Fertility Lis Maternity Hospital Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel-Aviv U niversity TeI-Aviv 6423906 Israel

Sperm cryopreservation is the best modality to ensure future fertility for males diagnosed with cancer. The extent to which cryopreserved sperm is actually used for impregnation, the fertility treatment options that are available and the success rates of these treatments have not been investigated in depth. The medical records of 682 patients who cryopreserved sperm cells due to cancer treatment were analyzed. Seventy of these patients withdrew their frozen sperm for fertility treatments over a 20-year period （most within the first 4 years after cryopreservation）. Sperm quality of different malignancies and outcomes of assisted reproduction treatment （ART） for pregnancy achievement in relation to the type of treatment and the type of malignancy were evaluated. The results showed that the rate of using cryo-thawed sperm from cancer patients for fertility treatments in our unit was 10.3%. Sperm quality indices differed between different types of malignancies, with the poorest quality measured in testicular cancer. Conception was achieved in 46 of the 184 ART cycles （25%）, and resulted in 36 deliveries. The use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） methodology yielded a significantly higher pregnancy rate （37.4%） than intrauterine insemination （IUI; 11.5%） and was similar to other groups of infertile couples using these modalities. In vitro fertilization （IVF） failed to produce pregnancies. In conclusion, the rate of use of cryopresseved sperm in cancer patients is relatively low （10.3%）. Achievement of pregnancies by ICSI presents the best option but when there are enough stored sperm samples and adequate quality, I UI can be employed. Cryopreservation is nevertheless the best option to preserve future fertility potential and hope for cancer patients.

关键词： assisted reproduction treatment (ART) cancer pregnancy outcome sperm cryopreservation

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