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A comparative study of the morphometry of sperm head components in cattle, sheep, and pigs with a computer-assisted fluorescence method

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 840-843页

作者： Jesus L Yaniz Sara Capistros sandra vicente-fiel Carlos O Hidalgo Pilar Santolaria TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences University of Zaragoza Huesca Spain Animal Genetics and Reproduction Area Regional Agrifood Research and Development Service (SERIDA) 33394 Deva Gijan Spain

The aim of this study was to compare the sperm nuclear and acrosomal morphometry of three species of domestic artiodactyls; cattle （Bos taurus）, sheep （Ovis aries）, and pigs （Sus scrofa）. Semen smears of twenty ejaculates from each species were fixed and labeled with a propidium iodide-Pisum sativum agglutinin （PI/PSA） combination. Digital images of the sperm nucleus, acrosome, and whole sperm head were captured and analyzed. The use of the PI/PSA combination and CASA-Morph fluorescence-based method allowed the capture, morphometric analysis, and differentiation of most sperm nuclei, acrosomes and whole heads, and the assessment of acrosomal integrity with a high precision in the three species studied. For the size of the head and nuclear area, the relationship between the three species may be summarized as bull 〉 ram 〉 boar. However, for the other morphometric parameters （length, width, and perimeter）, there were differences in the relationships between species for sperm nuclei and whole sperm heads. Bull sperm acrosomes were clearly smaller than those in the other species studied and covered a smaller proportion of the sperm head. The acrosomal morphology, small in the bull, large and broad in the sheep, and large, long, and with a pronounced equatorial segment curve in the boar, was species-characteristic. It was concluded that there are clear variations in the size and shape of the sperm head components between the three species studied, the acrosome being the structure showing the most variability, allowing a clear distinction of the spermatozoa of each species.

关键词： artiodactyls computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis fluorescence microscopy image analysis sperm morphometry

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Comparison of different statistical approaches to evaluate morphometric sperm subpopulations in men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 819-823页

作者： Jesus L Yaniz sandra vicente-fiel Caries Soler Pilar Recreo Teresa Carretero Araceli Bono Jose M Berne Pilar Santolaria TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences Higher Polytechnic School University of Zaragoza Ctra. Cuarte S/N 22071 Huesca Spain Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology University of Valencia 46100 Burjassot Valencia Spain R+D Department Proiser R+D Scientific Park University of Valencia 46980 Paterna Valencia Spain TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Departament of Human Anatomy and Histology Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences of Huesca Plaza Universidad 3 22002 Huesca Spain TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Hospital General San Jorge de Huesca Area de Urologla Av. Martfnez de Velasco 36 22004 Huesca Spain

This study was designed to characterize morphometric sperm subpopulations in normozoospermic men by using different statistical methods and examining their suitability to classify correctly different sperm nuclear morphologies present in human ejaculates. Ejaculates from 21 normozoospermic men were collected for the study. After semen collection and analysis, samples were prepared for morphometric determination. At least 200 spermatozoa per sample were assessed for sperm morphometry by computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis （CASA-Morph） using fluorescence. Clustering and discriminant procedures were performed to identify sperm subpopulations from the morphometric data obtained. Clustering procedures resulted in the classification of spermatozoa into three morphometric subpopulations （large-round 30.4%, small-round 46.6%, and large-elongated 22.9%）. In the second analysis, using discriminant methods, the classification was made independently of size and shape. Three morphological categories according to nuclear size （small 〈10.90 μm^2, intermediate 10.91-13.07 μm^2, and large 〉13.07 μm^2） and four categories were defined on 400 canonical cells （100 × 4） from 10 men according to sperm nuclear shape （oval, pyriform, round, and elongated）. Thereafter, the resulting classification functions were used to categorize 4200 spermatozoa from 21 men. Differences in the class distribution were observed among men from both clustering and discriminant procedures. It was concluded that the combination of CASA-Morph fluorescence-based technology with multivariate cluster or discriminant analyses provides new information on the description of different morphometric sperm subpopulations in normal individuals, and that important variations in the distribution of morphometric sperm subpopulations may exist between men, with possible functional implications.

关键词： computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis man sperm subpopulations

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Computer-assisted sperm morphometry fluorescence-based analysis has potential to determine progeny sex

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 858-862页

作者： Pilar Santolaria Alfredo Pauciullo Miguel A Silvestre sandra vicente-fiel Leyre Villanova Alain Pinton Juan Viruel Ester Sales Jesus L Yaniz TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences Higher Polytechnic School University of Zaragoza Ctra. Cuarte SIN 22071 Huesca Spain Department of Agriculture Forest and Food Sciences University of Torino Largo Paolo Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology University of Valencia 469100 Burjassot Valencia Spain UMR 1388 INRA-ENVT INPT Animal Cytogenetis GenPhySE National veterinary school of Toulouse 23 Chemin des Capelles 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3 France Mediterranean Institute of marine and terrestrial Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE) University of Aix Marseille Chemin de la Batterie des Lions 13007 Marseille France TECNOGAM research group Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA) Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Higher Polytechnic School University of Zaragoza Ctra. Cuarte S/N 22071 Huesca Spain

This study was designed to determine the ability of computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis （CASA-Morph） with fluorescence to discriminate between spermatozoa carrying different sex chromosomes from the nuclear morphometrics generated and different statistical procedures in the bovine species. The study was divided into two experiments. The first was to study the morphometric differences between X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa （SX and SY, respectively）. Spermatozoa from eight bulls were processed to assess simultaneously the sex chromosome by FISH and sperm morphometry by fluorescence-based CASA-Morph. SX cells were larger than SY cells on average （P 〈 0.001） although with important differences between bulls. A simultaneous evaluation of all the measured features by discriminant analysis revealed that nuclear area and average fluorescence intensity were the variables selected by stepwise discriminant function analysis as the best discriminators between SX and SY. In the second experiment, the sperm nuclear morphometric results from CASA-Morph in nonsexed （mixed SX and SY） and sexed （SX） semen samples from four bulls were compared. FISH allowed a successful classification of spermatozoa according to their sex chromosome content. X-sexed spermatozoa displayed a larger size and fluorescence intensity than nonsexed spermatozoa （P 〈 0.05）. We conclude that the CASA-Morph fluorescence-based method has the potential to find differences between X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa in bovine species although more studies are needed to increase the precision of sex determination by this technique.

关键词： bull computer-assisted sperm morphometry analysis sexing sperm morphometry

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Tocotrienol isoforms:The molecular mechanisms underlying their effects in cancer therapy and their implementation in clinical trials

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 1-11页

作者： Maria Younes Ghady Loubnane Christopher Sleiman sandra Rizk Department of Natural Sciences Lebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon

Tocotrienols are found in a variety of natural sources,like rice bran,annatto seeds and palm oil,and have been shown to have several health-promoting properties,particularly against chronic diseases such as *** incidence of cancer is rapidly increasing around the world,not only a result of continued aging and population growth,but also due to the adoption of aspects of the Western lifestyle,such as high-fat diets and low-physical *** literature provides strong evidence that tocotrienols are able to inhibit the growth of various cancers,including breast,lung,ovarian,prostate,liver,brain,colon,myeloma and pancreatic *** findings,along with the reported safety profile of tocotrienols in healthy human volunteers,encourage further research into these compounds’potential use in cancer prevention and *** current review provided detailed information about the molecular mechanisms of action of different tocotrienol isoforms in various cancer models and evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of different vitamin E analogues on important cancer hallmarks,such as cellular proliferation,apoptosis,angiogenesis and ***/PubMed and Scopus databases were used to identify recently published articles that investigated the anticancer effects of vitamin E derivatives in various types of cancer in vitro and in vivo along with clinical evidence of adjuvant chemopreventive *** an overview of pre-clinical studies,we describe several completed and ongoing clinical trials that are paving the way for the successful implementation of tocotrienols in cancer chemotherapy.

关键词： Vitamin E Tocotrienols Cancer Molecular mechanism Clinical trials

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Targeting KRAS in pancreatic cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 799-805页

作者： sandra STICKLER BARBARA RATH GERHARD HAMILTON Institute of Pharmacology Medical University of ViennaViennaA-1090Austria

Pancreatic cancer has a dismal prognosis due to late detection and lack of efficient *** Kirsten rat sarcoma virus(KRAS)oncogene is mutated in up to 90%of all pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas(PDACs)and constitutes an attractive target for ***,the most common KRAS mutations in PDAC are G12D(44%),G12V(34%)and G12R(20%)that are not amenable to treatment by KRAS G12C-directed cysteine-reactive KRAS inhibitors such as Sotorasib and Adagrasib that exhibit clinical efficacy in lung *** G12C mutant pancreatic cancer has been treated with Sotorasib but this mutation is detected only in 2%–3%of ***,the KRAS G12D-directed MRTX1133 inhibitor has entered clinical trials and more of such inhibitors are in *** other KRAS mutations may be targeted indirectly via inhibition of the cognate guanosine exchange factor(GEF)Son of Sevenless 1 that drives *** agents seem to provide the means to target the most frequent KRAS mutations in PDAC and to improve patient outcomes.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer PDAC KRAS SOS1 PROTAC

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Pandemic punch:SARS-CoV-2 hits pancreas

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1779-1780页

作者： Ninel Azoitei sandra Heller Alexander Kleger Institute of Molecular Oncology and Stem Cell Biology Ulm UniversityUlmGermany Division of Interdisciplinary Pancreatology Clinic of Internal Medicine IUniversity Hospital UlmUlmGermany

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global health systems,revealing the extensive repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 beyond respiratory ***,traditionally considered a respiratory virus,SARS-CoV-2’s showcased the ability to target multiple organ systems including pancreas,an organ crucial for regulating blood sugar levels and aiding digestion.

关键词： pancreas respiratory traditionally

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Development of PROTACS degrading KRAS and SOS1

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Oncology Research 2024年第8期32卷 1257-1264页

作者： GERHARD HAMILTON MARIE-THERESE EGGERSTORFER sandra STICKLER Institute of Pharmacology Medical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria

The Kirsten rat sarcoma virus—son of sevenless 1(KRAS-SOS1)axis drives tumor growth preferentially in pancreatic,colon,and lung ***,KRAS G12C mutated tumors can be successfully treated with inhibitors that covalently block the cysteine of the switch II binding pocket of ***,the range of other KRAS mutations is not amenable to treatment and the G12C-directed agents Sotorasib and Adragrasib show a response rate of only approximately 40%,lasting for a mean period of 8 *** approach to increase the efficacy of inhibitors is their inclusion into proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs),which degrade the proteins of interest and exhibit much higher antitumor activity through multiple cycles of ***,PROTACs have been developed based on KRAS-or SOS1-directed inhibitors coupled to either von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)or Cereblon(CRBN)ligands that invoke the proteasomal *** of these PROTACs show increased activity in vitro and in vivo compared to their cognate inhibitors but their toxicity in normal tissues is not *** CRBN PROTACs containing thalidomide derivatives cannot be tested in experimental *** to such PROTACS arises through downregulation or inactivation of CRBN or factors of the functional VHL E3 ubiquitin *** highly active KRAS and SOS1 PROTACs have been formulated their clinical application remains difficult.

关键词： Proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs) Kirsten rat sarcoma virus(KRAS) Son of sevenless 1(SOS1) Von Hippel-Lindau Cereblon

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Design multifunctional Mg–Zr coatings regulating Mg alloy bioabsorption

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zohra Benzarti Sandesh Itani JoséDavid Castro sandra Carvalho Ana Sofia Ramos University of Coimbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Laboratory of Multifunctional Materials and Applications(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are widely used for temporary bone implants due to their favorable biodegradability,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,and close mechanical properties to ***,rapid degradation and inadequate strength limit their *** overcome this,the direct current magnetron sputtering technique is employed for surface coating in Mg-based alloys using various zirconium(Zr)*** approach presents a promising strategy for simultaneously improving corrosion resistance,maintaining biocompatibility,and enhancing strength without compromising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent biodegradability,it has the potential to minimize the need for secondary surgeries,thereby reducing costs and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the corrosion mechanisms of Mg–Zr coatings,denoted Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-doped coatings exhibited columnar growth leading to denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis confirmed the presence of the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting towards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr doping due to lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase of“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr coatings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavior,while Young’s modulus retained a steady value around 80 GPa across all ***,the hardness has significantly improved across all samples’coating,reaching the highest value of(2.2±0.3)GPa for 5 at.%*** testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in corrosion resistance for Mg–Zr coatings containing 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr coating which exhibited a corrosion rate of 32 mm/year,these coatings displayed lower corrosion rates,ranging from 1 to 12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical properties and corrosion resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests potential ability for reducing stress shielding and controlled degradation performance,and consequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr coatings Magnetron sputtering Nanoindentation Corrosion resistance Bone implants

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Quasilinear elliptic problems with exponential growth via the Nehari manifold method: Existence of nonnegative and nodal solutions

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Giovany FIGUEIREDO sandra Moreira Ricardo Ruviaro Address Departamento de Matematica Universidade de Brasilia Departamento de Matematica e Informatica Universidade Estadual do Maranhao Departamento de Matematica Universidade de Brasilia

In this paper we will be concerned with the problem -Δu-1/2Δ(a（x）u2)u+V（x）u=f（u）,x∈R2，where V is a potential continuous and f : R → R is a superlinear continuous function with exponential subcritical or exponential critical growth. We use as a main tool the Nehari manifold method in order to show existence of nonnegative solutions and existence of nodal solutions. Our results complement the classical result of solutions for quasilinear Schrodinger equations via the Nehari method due to Jia-quan Liu, Ya-qi Wang and Zhi-Qiang Wang in the sense that in this article we are considering nonlinearity of the exponential type.

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Towards trustworthy multi-modal motion prediction:Holistic evaluation and interpretability of outputs

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第3期9卷 557-572页

作者： sandra Carrasco Limeros Sylwia Majchrowska Joakim Johnander Christoffer Petersson MiguelÁngel Sotelo David Fernández Llorca Computer Engineering Department Polytechnic SchoolUniversity of AlcalaMadridSpain AI Sweden GothenburgSweden Zenseact AB GothenburgSweden Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping UniversityLinköpingSweden Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSweden European Commission Joint Research CentreSevilleSpain

Predicting the motion of other road agents enables autonomous vehicles to perform safe and efficient path *** task is very complex,as the behaviour of road agents depends on many factors and the number of possible future trajectories can be consid-erable(multi-modal).Most prior approaches proposed to address multi-modal motion prediction are based on complex machine learning systems that have limited ***,the metrics used in current benchmarks do not evaluate all aspects of the problem,such as the diversity and admissibility of the *** authors aim to advance towards the design of trustworthy motion prediction systems,based on some of the re-quirements for the design of Trustworthy Artificial *** focus is on evaluation criteria,robustness,and interpretability of ***,the evaluation metrics are comprehensively analysed,the main gaps of current benchmarks are identified,and a new holistic evaluation framework is ***,a method for the assessment of spatial and temporal robustness is introduced by simulating noise in the perception *** enhance the interpretability of the outputs and generate more balanced results in the proposed evaluation framework,an intent prediction layer that can be attached to multi-modal motion prediction models is *** effectiveness of this approach is assessed through a survey that explores different elements in the visualisation of the multi-modal trajectories and *** proposed approach and findings make a significant contribution to the development of trustworthy motion prediction systems for autono-mous vehicles,advancing the field towards greater safety and reliability.

关键词： autonomous vehicles evaluation interpretability multi-modal motion prediction robustness trustworthy AI

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