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Drought sensitivity of beech on a shallow chalk soil in northeastern Germany - a comparative study

Forest Ecosystems 2017年第1期4卷 45-54页

作者： Marieke van der Maaten-Theunissen Hanna Bummerstede Janette Iwanowski Tobias Scharnweber Martin Wilmking Ernst van der Maaten Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology University of Greifswald Soldmannstr 15 17487 Greifswald Germany

Background： We compare the climate sensitivity of European beech （Fagus sylvatica L.） in two forest nature reserves in northeastern Germany. The one reserve, Schlossberg, is characterized by shallow chalk soils, whereas in the other reserve, EIdena, soils are deeper and more developed. Little is known about the drought sensitivity of beech on shallow chalk soils. Methods： We collected increment cores at both research sites and established climate-growth relationships. Inter- tree variability was assessed by employing linear mixed-effect models. Results： We expected to find distinctively higher drought sensitivity at Schlossberg due to limited water availability, but find only marginal differences in growth responses. At both sites, drought is the major climatic factor driving tree growth. Adaptations in tree architecture and an underestimation of the water holding capacity of shallow chalk soils are discussed as possible reasons for not finding more distinct climate responses. In analyzing climate-growth relationships, we specifically focused on growth responses of individual trees but observed only low inter-tree variability at both sites. Evident is a shift in climate response patterns from the first to the second half of the twentieth century with previous-year drought conditions becoming more important than current-year drought. This shift is discussed in relation to a warming trend over that same period, as well as possible trends in masting behavior of beech. Conclusion： The investigated beech trees on the shallow chalk soil are only slightly more drought sensitive than beech trees on the reference site with deeper and more developed soils.

关键词： Climate-growth relationships Dendroecology Inter-tree variability Temporal stability Drought stress

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Direct evidence of microbiological water quality changes on bacterial quantity and community caused by plumbing system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第6期34卷 175-183页

作者： Jun Li Anran Ren Ed van der Mark Gang Liu Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dunea Water Company Plaza of the United Nations 11-15Zoetermeer 2700 ATthe Netherlands Sanitary engineering Department of Water managementFaculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2600 GAthe Netherlands

Drinking water quality deteriorates from treatment plant to customer taps, especially in the plumbing system. There is no direct evidence about what the differences are contributed by plumbing system. This study compared the water quality in the water main and at customer tap by preparing a sampling tap on the water main. The biomass was quantified by adenosine triphosphate(ATP) and the microbial community was profiled by 454 *** results showed that in distribution pipes, biofilm contributed >94% of the total biomass,while loose deposits showed little contribution(< 2%) because of the low amount of loose deposits. The distribution of biological stable water had minor effects on the microbiocidal water quality regarding both quantity(ATP 1 ng/L vs. 1.7 ng/L) and community of the bacteria. Whereas the plumbing system has significant contribution to the increase of active biomass(1.7 ng/L vs. 2.9 ng/L) and the changes of bacterial community. The relative abundance of Sphingomonas spp. at tap(22%) was higher than that at water main(2%), while the relative abundance of Pseudomonas spp. in tap water(15%) was lower than that in the water from street water main(29%). Though only one location was prepared and studied, the present study showed that the protocol of making sampling tap on water main offered directly evidences about the impacts of plumbing system on tap water quality, which makes it possible to distinguish and study the processes in distribution system and plumbing system separately.

关键词： Drinking water distribution system Plumbing system Microbiological water quality Sampling program 454 pyrosequencing

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Identifying prognostic factors for conservative treatment outcomes in servicemen with chronic exertional compartment syndrome treated at a rehabilitation center

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Military Medical Research 2018年第3期5卷 199-206页

作者： Mariette Z.Meulekamp Peter van der Wurff Alfred van der Meer Cees Lucas Research and Development Military Rehabilitation CentreAardenburgDoomthe Netherlands Department of Physiotherapy HU University of Applied SciencesUtrechtthe Netherlands Department of Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics and BioinformaticsAcademic Medical CentreUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands

Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome(CECS) is a condition of pain induced by exercise, and it is characterized by muscle swelling and impaired muscle function in the lower leg. Given the diversity in the diagnosis and treatment of CECS, it is desirable to determine variables pertaining to prognosis and recovery. The purpose of this study is to identify prognostic factors for conservative treatment outcomes in servicemen with CECS who were treated at a Military Rehabilitation ***: Patients from all military services were referred from the special unit for lower leg pain at the Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Descriptive analysis was used to report the characteristics of the participants and their baseline measurements. Group differences were analyzed using a Student's t-test or MannWhitney U test, according to the normality of the data distribution. Differences between the pre-and postintervention outcomes were evaluated using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. To evaluate the magnitude of prognostic factors, a univariate logistic regression analysis was performed. The prognostic factors included age, body mass index, body fat percentage, self-efficacy beliefs, foot malalignment, intramuscular pressure, other comorbidities, protein and creatine use, smoking, alcohol use, complaint duration, physical demands, and duration of military ***: After the rehabilitation period, we observed 25 patients with a successful outcome, which was defined as a reduction in pain(≥2 points) during the capacity test measured using a verbal rating scale and 20 patients with an unsuccessful outcome. Factors demonstrating a limited increased odds ratio for an unsuccessful outcome included smoking, alcohol use, intramuscular pressure, a complaint duration of more than 6 months, and physical demands of service. However, these factors did not reach ***: This study did not identify any prognostic factors that predict the

关键词： Lower leg pain Observational study Rehabilitation

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Skewed superstatistical distributions from a Langevin and Fokker-Planck approach

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第34期56卷 3633-3638页

作者： van der STRAETEN Erik BECK Christian Queen Mary University of London School of Mathematical Sciences

The superstatistics concept is a useful statistical method to describe inhomogeneous complex systems for which a system parameter βfluctuatesonalargespatio-temporal scale. Inthispaper weanalyze ameasuredtimeseriesofwindspeed fluctuationsandextract the superstatistical distribution function f(β) directly from the data. We construct suitable Langevin and Fokker-Planck models with a position dependent β-field and show that they reduce to standard type of superstatistics in the overdamped limit.

关键词：普朗克复杂系统统计方法时间尺度分布函数位置相关不均匀过阻尼

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An unexpected role for ergothioneine

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National Science Review 2015年第4期2卷 382-383页

作者： Zedu Huang Wilfred A.van der Donk Institute for Genomic Biology Department of Chemistry Howard Hughes Medical InstituteUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Ever since the appearance of atmospheric oxygen,organisms have needed ways to protect themselves from damage caused by oxidative ***(GSH,Fig.1A)is the dominant organothiol in eukarya to detoxify products formed from o... 详细信息

关键词： EGT MSH An unexpected role for ergothioneine

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Influence of surgical suture properties on the tribological interactions with artificial skin by a capstan experiment approach

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Friction 2017年第1期5卷 87-98页

作者： Tianhui REN Xiangqiong ZENG Emile van der HEIDE School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of the Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Advanced Lubricating Materials Laboratory Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 ChinaLaboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology University of Twente Enschede 7500AE the Netherlands Laboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology University of Twente Enschede 7500AE the NetherlandsTU Delft Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Stevinweg 1 Delft 2628 CN the Netherlands

Tribological interactions between surgical suture and human tissue play an important role in the stitching *** purpose of the paper is to understanding the tribological behavior of surgical suture interacting with artificial skin,with respect to surgical suture material and structure,by means of a capstan experiment approach and a contact area *** results indicated that structure and surface topography of the surgical suture had a pronounced effect on the tribological *** apparent coefficient of friction of vicryl surgical suture was the smallest among the three surgical suture *** the sliding velocity increased,or the applied load decreased,the coefficient of friction ***,stick-slip phenomena were observed during the sliding procedure.

关键词： friction sliding surgical suture artificial skin capstan experiment

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Mechanochemical spinodal decomposition: a phenomenological theory of phase transformations in multi-component, crystalline solids

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 133-141页

作者： Shiva Rudraraju Anton van der Ven Krishna Garikipati Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA Department of Mathematics University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

We present a phenomenological treatment of diffusion-driven martensitic phase transformations in multi-component crystalline solids that arise from non-convex free energies in mechanical and chemical *** treatment describes diffusional phase transformations that are accompanied by symmetry-breaking structural changes of the crystal unit cell and reveals the importance of a mechanochemical spinodal,defined as the region in strain–composition space,where the free-energy density function is *** approach is relevant to phase transformations wherein the structural order parameters can be expressed as linear combinations of strains relative to a high-symmetry reference *** governing equations describing mechanochemical spinodal decomposition are variationally derived from a free-energy density function that accounts for interfacial energy via gradients of the rapidly varying strain and composition fields.A robust computational framework for treating the coupled,higher-order diffusion and nonlinear strain gradient elasticity problems is *** the local strains in an inhomogeneous,transforming microstructure can be finite,the elasticity problem must account for geometric *** evaluation of available experimental phase diagrams and first-principles free energies suggests that mechanochemical spinodal decomposition should occur in metal hydrides such as ZrH_(2−2c).The rich physics that ensues is explored in several numerical examples in two and three dimensions,and the relevance of the mechanism is discussed in the context of important electrode materials for Li-ion batteries and high-temperature ceramics.

关键词： microstructure phase chemical

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Artificial intelligence for characterization of diminutive colorectal polyps:A feasibility study comparing two computer-aided diagnosis systems

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第1期5卷 11-22页

作者： Quirine Eunice Wennie van der Zander Ramon M Schreuder Ayla Thijssen Carolus H J Kusters Nikoo Dehghani Thom Scheeve Bjorn Winkens Mirjam C M van der Ende-van Loon Peter H N de With Fons van der Sommen Ad A M Masclee Erik J Schoon Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands GROW School for Oncology and ReproductionMaastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDNetherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Catharina Hospital EindhovenEindhoven 5602 ZANetherlands Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBNetherlands Department of Methodology and Statistics Maastricht UniversityPostbus 6166200 MD MaastrichtNetherlands School for Public Health and Primary Care Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDNetherlands

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)has potential in the optical diagnosis of colorectal *** To evaluate the feasibility of the real-time use of the computer-aided diagnosis system(CADx)AI for ColoRectal Polyps(AI4CRP)for the optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps and to compare the performance with CAD EYE^(TM)(Fujifilm,Tokyo,Japan).CADx influence on the optical diagnosis of an expert endoscopist was also *** AI4CRP was developed in-house and CAD EYE was proprietary software provided by *** CADxsystems exploit convolutional neural *** polyps were characterized as benign or premalignant and histopathology was used as gold ***4CRP provided an objective assessment of its characterization by presenting a calibrated confidence characterization value(range 0.0-1.0).A predefined cut-off value of 0.6 was set with values0.76).Self-critical AI4CRP’s diagnostic performances excluded low confidence *** AI4CRP use was feasible and performed on 30 patients with 51 colorectal ***-critical AI4CRP,excluding 14 low confidence characterizations[27.5%(14/51)],had a diagnostic accuracy of 89.2%,sensitivity of 89.7%,and specificity of 87.5%,which was higher compared to *** EYE had a 83.7%diagnostic accuracy,74.2%sensitivity,and 100.0%*** performances of the endoscopist alone(before AI)increased nonsignificantly after reviewing the CADx characterizations of both AI4CRP and CAD EYE(AI-assisted endoscopist).Diagnostic performances of the AI-assisted endoscopist were higher compared to both CADx-systems,except for specificity for which CAD EYE performed *** Real-time use of AI4CRP was *** confidence values provided by a CADx is novel and self-critical AI4CRP sho

关键词： Artificial intelligence Colorectal polyp characterization Computer aided diagnosis Diminutive colorectal polyps Optical diagnosis Self-critical artificial intelligence

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Dispersal of invasive species by drifting

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 818-827页

作者： M.C. van RIEL G. van der VELDE A. BIJ DE VAATE Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology Section Aquatic Animal Ecology Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands Team Freshwater Ecology DLO-Alterra P.O. Box 47 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis EO. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands Waterfauna Hydrobiologisch Adviesbureau Oostrandpark 30 8212 AP Lelystad The Netherlands

Drifting can be an effective way for aquatic organisms to disperse and colonise new areas. Increasing connectivity between European large rivers facilitates invasion by drifting aquatic macroinvertebrates. The present study shows that high abundances of invasive species drift in the headstream of the river Rhine. Dikerogammarus villosus and Chelicorophium cur- vispinum represented up to 90% of the total of drifting macroinvertebrates. Drift activity shows seasonal and diel patterns. Most species started drifting in spring and were most abundant in the water column during the summer period. Drift activity was very low during the winter period. Diel patterns were apparent; most species, including D. villosus, drifted during the night. Drifting macroinvertebrates colonised stony substrate directly from the water column. D. villosus generally colonised the substrate at night, while higher numbers of C. curvispinum colonised the substrate during the day. It is very likely that drifting functions as a disper- sal mechanism for crustacean invaders. Once waterways are connected, these species are no longer necessarily dependent on dispersal vectors other than drift for extending their distribution range

关键词： Amphipods Invaders Colonization Drift Daily rhythms Seasonal variation

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More bricks in the wall against SARS-CoV-2 infection:involvement of γ9δ2 T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第7期17卷 771-772页

作者： Ger Rijkers Trees Vervenne Pieter van der Pol St.Elisabeth Hospital TilburgThe Netherlands Admiral De Ruyter Hospital GoesThe Netherlands Science Department University College RooseveltMiddelburgThe Netherlands

The SARS-CoV-2 virus which emerged in late December 2019 had reached pandemic proportions by March 2020.1 Host defence mechanisms against this new member of the corona virus family will include innate immunity,humoral,and cellular immune responses,of yet unknown relative *** CD8^(+) αβTCR cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells are mainly responsible for detection and elimination of virus infected cells,with a special role for the CD94/NK group 2 member A(NKG2A)receptor as reported by Zheng et *** this journal.2,3 We want to report yet another brick in the wall against SARS-CoV-2 infection,made of a subset of γδTCR T cells.

关键词： NKG2A involvement infection

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