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Characterizing changes in land cover and forest fragmentation from multitemporal Landsat observations(1993-2018)in the Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve,Nepal

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 159-170页

作者： Yali Zhang sandeep sharma Manjit Bista Mingshi Li College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityLongpan Road 159Nanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Madanbhandari PathKathmandu 44600Nepal Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityLongpan Road 159Nanjing 210037People’s Republic of China

Natural forces and anthropogenic activities greatly alter land cover,deteriorate or alleviate forest fragmentation and affect *** land cover and forest fragmentation dynamics have become a focus of concern for natural resource management agencies and biodiversity conservation ***,there are few land cover datasets and forest fragmentation information available for the Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve(DHR)of Nepal to develop targeted biodiversity conservation *** this study,these gaps were filled by characterizing land cover and forest fragmentation trends in the *** five Landsat images between 1993 and 2018,a support vector machine algorithm was applied to classify six land cover classes:forest,grasslands,barren lands,agricultural and built-up areas,water bodies,and snow and ***,two landscape process models and four landscape metrics were used to depict the forest fragmentation *** showed that forest cover increased from 39.4%in 1993 to 39.8%in ***,grasslands decreased from 38.2%in 1993 to 36.9%in *** forest shrinkage was responsible for forest loss during the period,suggesting that the loss of forest cover reduced the connectivity between forest and nonforested *** was the dominant component of the forest restoration process,implying that it avoided the occurrence of isolated *** maximum value of edge density and perimeter area fractal dimension metrics and the minimum value of aggregation index were observed in 2011,revealing that forests in this year were most *** specific observations from the current analysis can help local authorities and local communities,who are highly dependent on forest resources,to better develop local forest management and biodiversity conservation plans.

关键词： Land cover Forest fragmentation Spatial process model Fragstats

A Middleware for Polyglot Persistence and Data Portability of Big Data PaaS Cloud Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1625-1647页

作者： Kiranbir Kaur sandeep sharma Karanjeet Singh Kahlon Department of Computer Engineering and Technology Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar143001India Department of Computer Science and Applications Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar143001India

Vendor lock-in can occur at any layer of the cloud stack-Infrastructure,Platform,and *** paper covers the vendor lock-in issue at Platform as a Service(PaaS)level where applications can be created,deployed,and managed without worrying about the underlying *** applications and their persisted data on one PaaS provider are not easy to port to another *** overcome this issue,we propose a middleware to abstract and make the database services as *** middleware supports several SQL and NoSQL data stores that can be hosted and ported among disparate PaaS *** facilitates the developers with data portability and data migration among relational and NoSQL-based cloud *** databases are fundamental to endure Big Data applications as they support the handling of an enormous volume of highly variable data while assuring fault tolerance,availability,and *** implementation of the middleware depicts that using it alleviates the efforts of rewriting the application code while changing the backend database system.A working protocol of a migration tool has been developed using this middleware to facilitate the migration of the database(move existing data from a database on one cloud to a new database even on a different cloud).Although the middleware adds some overhead compared to the native code for the cloud services being used,the experimental evaluation on Twitter(a Big Data application)data set,proves this overhead is negligible.

关键词： Cloud computing platform as a service middleware polyglot persistence SQL NoSQL data migration tool Twitter data set

Site-Specific Nitrogen Management in Dry Direct-Seeded Rice Using Chlorophyll Meter and Leaf Colour Chart

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 72-81页

作者： Ali Mohamed ALI Harmit Singh THIND sandeep sharma YADVINDER-SINGH Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University Department of Soil Fertility and Microbiology Desert Research Centre

The need to maintain high rice yields and improve fertilizer nitrogen(N)-use efficiency has fueled the use of tools such as leaf colour chart(LCC) and chlorophyll meter(SPAD meter) in managing fertilizer N based on colour of the leaf. Field experiments were conducted during 2011 to 2013 at Ludhiana, India to assess the need for basal N application and to establish critical threshold values of leaf greenness as measured by LCC and SPAD meter for formulating strategies for in-season management of fertilizer N in dry direct-seeded rice(DDSR). Avoiding application of N at sowing did not adversely affect rice grain yield, indicating that basal N application in DDSR was not necessary and might lead to reduced N-use efficiency. Monitoring N uptake rate during the growing season of DDSR suggested that N uptake rate peaked at the two growth stages: maximum tillering(42 to 56 days after sowing(DAS))and panicle initiation stages(70 to 84 DAS). Using the Cate-Nelson procedure, critical LCC and SPAD meter values for fertilizer N application worked out to be 4 and 37, respectively. Real-time fertilizer N management strategy based on applying 30 kg N ha-1whenever SPAD meter or LCC readings fell below the critical values maintained optimum rice yields along with higher N-use efficiency than that observed by following blanket recommendation for fertilizer N in the region. The fixed-time variable-dose strategy consisted of applying prescriptive doses of 20 kg N ha-1at 14 DAS and 30 kg N ha-1at 28 DAS and corrective doses of 30, 40 or 50 kg N ha-1at 49 and 70 DAS depending upon LCC shade to be ≥ 4, 4–3.5, or < 3.5 and SPAD meter readings to be ≥ 40, 40–35, or< 35, respectively. This strategy also resulted in optimal rice yield along with higher N-use efficiency as compared to the blanket recommendation. This study revealed that in DDSR, fertilizer N could be managed more efficiently using the tools of LCC and SPAD meter than the current blanket recommendation.

关键词： basal N application critical value grain yield leaf greenness N-use efficiency

OsbZIP76 interacts with OsNF-YBs and regulates endosperm cellularization in rice (Oryza sativa)

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第12期62卷 1983-1996页

作者： Baixiao Niu Hui Deng Tingting Li sandeep sharma Qianbin Yun Qianru Li Zhiguo E Chen Chen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310000China Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Institute of Agricultural SciencesBHUVaranasi 221005India

Following double fertilization,plant endosperm nuclei undergo syncytial divisions,followed by synchro-nous *** is a key event during endosperm development,but our understanding of its regulation is limited to *** this study we show that OsbZIP76 regulates cellularization in rice(Oryza sativa).Activation of OsbZIP76 coincided with the initiation of cellularization,and its knockdown or knockout mutants exhibited precocious *** involved in en-dosperm development or starch biosynthesis were pre-maturely activated in the osbzip76 *** a putative transcription factor,OsbZIP76 alone lacked transcriptional activation activity;however,it interacted with the nuclear factor Y(NF-Y)family transcription factors OsNF-YB9 and OsNF-YB1 in yeast and in ***76 and OsNF-YB9 were predominantly expressed in the endosperm and the proteins *** of osnf-yb1 and osbzip76 mu-tants showed reduced size and reduced apparent amylose *** parent-of-origin-dependent expression of OsbZIP76 is variable in different rice *** sum-mary,OsbZIP76 is an endosperm-expressed imprinted gene that regulates endosperm development in rice.

关键词： sativa) (Oryza endosperm

Changes in soil biochemical indicators at different wheat growth stages under conservation-based sustainable intensification of rice-wheat system

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1871-1880页

作者： Tanushree Bera sandeep sharma H.S.Thind Yadvinder-Singh H.S.Sidhu M.L.Jat Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) CIMMYT National Agricultural Science Complex

Soil microbes play critical roles in soil biogeochemistry, soil biological health and crop productivity. The current study evaluated the effects of tillage and residue management on changes in soil biochemical indicators at different growth stages of wheat after 5 years of rice-wheat system. Nine treatment combinations of tillage, crop establishment and crop residue management included three main plot treatments applied to rice:(1) conventional till direct dry seeded rice(CTDSR),(2) zero till direct dry seeded rice(ZTDSR), and(3) conventional puddled manual transplanted rice(CTPTR) and three subplot treatments in subsequent wheat:(1) conventional tillage with rice residue removed(CTW-R),(2) zero tillage with rice residue removed(ZTW-R) and(3) zero tillage with rice residue retained as surface mulch(ZTW+R). Irrespective of rice treatments, ZTW+R treatment had higher soil biochemical indicators compared with ZTW-R and CTW-R at all the growth stages of wheat. Generally, all the biochemical indicators were the highest at the flowering stage of wheat. Residual effect of rice treatments was also significant on biochemical quotients in wheat, which were the highest under ZTDSR followed by CTDSR and CTPTR. The present study provided three sensitive and reliable biochemical indicators(microbial biomass, basal soil respiration and microbial quotient) which respond rapidly to change in tillage and residue management practices in RWS of South Asia.

关键词： microbial metabolic quotients tillage practices residue retention cropping system

Techno-economic and environmental impact analysis of electric two-wheeler batteries in India

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 147-156页

作者： Gupta, Aman Bose, Ditipriya Tiwari, sandeep sharma, Vikrant Prakash, Jai Aligarh Muslim Univ Zakir Husain Coll Engn & Technol Dept Green Energy & Sustainable Dev Aligarh 202002 Uttar Pradesh India Natl Inst Solar Energy Battery Testing Facil Gurugram Faridabad Rd Gurugram 122003 Haryana India

This paper presents a comprehensive techno-economic and environmental impact analysis of electric two-wheeler batteries in India. The technical comparison reveals that sodium-ion (Na-ion) and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries outperform lead-acid batteries in various parameters, with Na-ion and Li-ion batteries exhibiting higher energy densities, higher power densities, longer cycle lives, faster charge rates, better compactness, lighter weight and lower self-discharge rates. In economic comparison, Na-ion batteries were found to be similar to 12-14% more expensive than Li-ion batteries. However, the longer lifespans and higher energy densities of Na-ion and Li-ion batteries can offset their higher costs through improved performance and long-term savings. Lead-acid batteries have the highest environmental impact, while Li-ion batteries demonstrate better environmental performance and potential for recycling. Na-ion batteries offer promising environmental advantages with their abundance, lower cost and lower toxic and hazardous material content. Efficient recycling processes can further enhance the environmental benefits of Na-ion batteries. Overall, this research examines the potential of Na-ion batteries as a cheaper alternative to Li-ion batteries, considering India's abundant sodium resources in regions such as Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and others.

关键词： electric two-wheelers environmental impact assessment lead-acid batteries lithium-ion batteries sodium-ion batteries techno-economic analysis VEHICLES TECHNOLOGIES HYBRID

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of itraconazole and hydroxy itraconazole in human plasma

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2014年第5期4卷 316-324页

作者： Ashish Dwivedi Bhupinder Singh sandeep sharma R.S.Lokhandae Naveen Dubey Bioanalytical Department Jubilant Life SciencesC-46Sector 62Noida 201307India Jaipur National University JaipurIndia

A highly sensitive, selective, and precise ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of itraconazole and hydroxy itraconazole in human plasma by a single liquid-liquid extraction step. The precursor to product ion transitions of m/z 705.3/392.3, m/z 721.2/408.3 and m/z 708.2/435.4 were used to detect and quantify itraconazole, hydroxy itraconazole and itraconazole-d3 respectively. The lower limit of quantitation was found to be 0.500 ng/mL for itraconazole and 1.00 ng/mL for hydroxy itraconazole. The mean recoveries for itraconazole and hydroxy itraconazole were found to be 100.045% and 100.021%, respectively. This developed method with a chromatographic run time of 2.0 min was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study of 100 mg itraconazole capsule.

关键词： Itraconazole,Hydroxy itraconazole,Ultra-performance liquidchromatography, Human plasma Simultaneous analysis

Improved simultaneous quantitation of candesartan and hydrochlorthiazide in human plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and its application in bioequivalence studies

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2014年第2期4卷 144-152页

作者： Bhupinder Singh Rama S.Lokhandae Ashish Dwivedi sandeep sharma Naveen Dubey Jubiliant Clinsys Limited NoidaNew DelhiIndia Jaipur National University JaipurIndia

A validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometric method （UPLC-MS/MS） was used for the simultaneous quantitation of candesartan （CN） and hydrochlorothiazide （HCT） in human plasma. The analysis was performed on UPLC-MS/MS system using turbo ion spray interface. Negative ions were measured in multiple reaction monitoring （MRM） mode. The analytes were extracted using a liquid-liquid extraction （LLE） method by using 0.1 mL of plasma volume. The lower limit of quantitation for CN and HCT was 1.00 ng/mL whereas the upper limit of quantitation was 499.15 ng/mL and 601.61 ng/mL for CN and HCT respectively. CN d4 and HCT-13Cd2 were used as the internal standards for CN and HCT respectively. The chromatography was achieved within 2.0 min run time using a C18 Pheno-menex, Gemini NX （100 mm ~ 4.6 mm, 5 mm） column with organic mixture：buffer solution （80：20, v/v） at a flow rate of 0.800 mL/min. The method has been successfully applied to establish the bioequivalence of candesartan cilexetil （CNC） and HCT immediate release tablets with reference product in human subjects.

关键词： Candesartan cilexetil Hydrochlorothiazide UPLC MS/MS Bioequivalence Candcsartan cilexetil-hydrochlorothiazide(ATACAND HCT)

Studies on antibacterial activity and biochemical/biophysical properties of phytocystatin purified from <i>Catharanthus roseus</i>(Madagascar Periwinkle): an evergreen subshrub commonly found in district bijnor (U.P.)

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第6期2卷 391-396页

作者： Garima sharma Mukesh Kumar sandeep sharma 不详

In the present study two phytocystatins (thiol protease inhibitors) have been isolated and purified to homogeneity form Catharanthus roseusby a simple two step procedure using ammonium sulphate fractionation and gelfiltration chromatography on Sephacryl- *** two inhibitors were named as CRCI and CRCII (Catharanthus roseuscystatin I and II). CRCI and CRCII were purified with a fold purification of 1333.3, 1348.5 and percent yield of 18.18 and 16.35% respectively. The molecular weight of purified phytocystatins were 19.1 kDa and 16.9 kDa respectively, as determined by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. Effect of denaturants like ureaon CRCI and II was analysed by Fluorescence spectroscopy. Results suggest an unfolding of CRCI and II. FTIR results show that structurally CRCI is different from CRCII. Hydrophobic interactions are observed over a longer timescale (5 - 150 min). Furthermore, fluorescence spectroscopy results show quenching of fluorescence intensity of CRC I and II, although to different extent, due to perturbations of the environment of aromatic residues in the protein. Both the cystatins showed strong inhibitory/antibacterial activity against E. coliand S.

关键词： Plant Cystatins FTIR Fluorescence Spectroscopy Protease Inhibitor Proteins