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Experimental model standardizing polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel to simulate endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasoundelastography

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第34期26卷 5169-5180页

作者： Elymir S Galvis-García Sergio Sobrino-Cossío Arturo Reding-bernal Yesica Contreras-Marín Karina Solórzano-Acevedo Patricia González-Zavala Rosa M Quispe-Siccha Unidad de Endoscopía Gastrointestinal Hospital General de México"Dr.Eduardo Liceaga"Mexico 06720Mexico Unidad de Endoscopia y Fisiología Digestiva HospitalÁngeles del PedregalMexico 10700Mexico Dirección de Investigación Hospital General de México“Dr.Eduardo Liceaga”Mexico 06720Mexico Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología and Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico Instituto Politécnico Nacional and Hospital General de México"Dr.Eduardo Liceaga"Mexico 06720Mexico Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales and Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Hospital General de México"Dr.Eduardo Liceaga"Mexico 06720Mexico Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico Hospital General de México"Dr.Eduardo Liceaga"Mexico 06720Mexico

BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)and endoscopic ultrasound elastography(EUS-E)simulation lessens the learning curve;however,models lack realism,diminishing *** To standardize the mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)hydrogel for simulating organs and digestive *** PVA hydrogel(Sigma Aldrich,degree of hydrolysis 99%)for simulating EUS/EUS-E lesions was investigated in Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico at Hospital General de México“*** Liceaga”,Mexico *** evaluated physical,contrast,elasticity and deformation coefficient characteristics in lesions,applying Kappa’s concordance and satisfaction questionnaire(Likert 4-points).RESULTS PVA hydrogel showed stable mechanical *** depended on molecular weight(MW)and concentration(C).PVA bblocks with the greatest density showed lowest tensile strength(r=-0.8,P=0.01).Lesions were EUSgraphically *** and heterogeneous examples were created from PVA blocks or PVA phantoms,exceeding(MW2=146000-186000,C9=15%and C10=20%)with a density under(MW1=85000-124000,C1=7%and C2=9%).We calculated elasticity and deformation parameters of solid(blue)areas,contrasting with the norm(Kappa=0.8;high degree of satisfaction).CONCLUSION PVA hydrogels were appropriate for simulating organs and digestive lesions using EUS/EUS-E,facilitating practice and reducing *** amplified skills,while reducing the learning curve.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound simulators in endoscopy Polyvinyl alcohol Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopic ultrasound elastography Strain Elasticity

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感受海运脉动

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中国远洋航务 2014年第8期 32-38页

作者： Peter sand BIMCO

得益于全球经济持续复苏增长，2014年上半年航运市场小幅复苏，供需有所改善，但幅度有限、进展缓慢。预计下半年各板块的表现将好于上半年，但正面与负面因素交织，市场上行仍面临压力。

关键词：脉动海运感受航运市场全球经济

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Laparoscopic approach in gastrointestinal emergencies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第9期22卷 2701-2710页

作者： Rosa M Jimenez Rodriguez Juan José Segura-Sampedro Mercedes Flores-Cortés Francisco López-bernal Cristobalina Martín Verónica Pino Diaz Felipe Pareja Ciuro Javier Padillo Ruiz Department of Surgery Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio 41013 Sevilla Spain Hospital Universitario Son Espases 07010 Palma de Mallorca Spain

This review focuses on the laparoscopic approach to gastrointestinal emergencies and its more recent indications. Laparoscopic surgery has a specific place in elective procedures, but that does not apply in emergency situations. In specific emergencies, there is a huge range of indications and different techniques to apply, and not all of them are equally settle. We consider that the most controversial points in minimally invasive procedures are indications in emergency situations due to technical difficulties. Some pathologies, such as oesophageal emergencies, obstruction due to colon cancer, abdominal hernias or incarcerated postsurgical hernias, are nearly always resolved by conventional surgery, that is, an open approach due to limited intraabdominal cavity space or due to the vulnerability of the bowel. These technical problems have been solved in many diseases, such as for perforated peptic ulcer or acute appendectomy for which a laparoscopic approach has become a wellknown and globally supported procedure. On the other hand, endoscopic procedures have acquired further indications, relegating surgical solutions to a second place; this happens in cholangitis or pancreatic abscess drainage. This endoluminal approach avoids the need for laparoscopic development in these diseases. Nevertheless, new instruments and new technologies could extend the laparoscopic approach to a broader array of potentials procedures. There remains, however, a long way to go.

关键词： Minimally invasive surgery Gastrointestinal surgery Emergency surgery Digestive emergencies Abdominal emergencies

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Utilizing rs-fMRI’s Mean to Localize Seizure Focus

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Open Journal of Radiology 2015年第2期5卷 92-103页

作者： Byron bernal Magno R. Guillen Kathryn Zamora Nolan Altman Department of radiology Miami Children’s Hospital Miami USA

Purpose: We present for the first time the utilization of an average of the resting-state time points (rs-Mean) to localize epilepsy focus in a group of pediatric patients with medical refractory epilepsy. Materials and Methods: Twenty nine pediatric patients had drug-resistant epilepsy, and 22 subject controls underwent rs-fMRI. Comparison among group means was performed. Regions of Interest (ROI) derived from the nuclear medicine studies (GS) and the focal hyperintensities yielded by the rs-Mean were converted into ellipsoids. Euclidian Distance (ED) among the isocenters of each ROI pair per patient was found. Matching of ROIs was accepted if the ED was equal or less than 50 mm. Group comparison was performed utilizing two-tail T-test. Statistical significance was accepted with p values < 0.01. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the patient and normal control’s rs-Mean (p < 0.001, t (49) = 5.186;CI (95%) = [512.73, 1161.46]). The rs-Mean findings matched the GS findings in epilepsy patients in 72.4% of cases. The rs-Mean was positive matching GS in 6 of 9 (66.6%) MR-non-lesional cases. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that rs-Mean in intractable epilepsy patients differs from normal subjects, and that it may demonstrate the epileptogenic focus in a significant number of patients.

关键词： Epilepsy Seizures fMRI Resting-State SPECT Intractable Epilepsy

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航运业受到贸易保护主义的挑战

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中国远洋海运 2018年第12期 68-69+9页

作者： Peter sand

随着贸易壁垒的叠升,资本流出新兴市场经济体,地缘政治风险不断攀升,由此带来的不利影响已显而易见。概览全球新出口订单/商品两年来首次出现下降,全球PMI指数从8月的50.3降至9月的49.7,结束了两年的稳定贸易增长。此外,产量扩张速率降... 详细信息

随着贸易壁垒的叠升,资本流出新兴市场经济体,地缘政治风险不断攀升,由此带来的不利影响已显而易见。概览全球新出口订单/商品两年来首次出现下降,全球PMI指数从8月的50.3降至9月的49.7,结束了两年的稳定贸易增长。此外,产量扩张速率降至两年来的最低值52.4%。而如果把视角拉长,会发现2012-2016年全球贸易增长十分缓慢。这是在表明全球贸易正回归低速增长新常态吗?很可能是。在经历了2016和2017两年的经

关键词：航运业全球经济 GDP 全球贸易经济体 IMF

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徘徊于高运力高成本低运价之间

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中国远洋海运 2012年第2期 39-42+10页

作者： Peter sand 波罗的海国际航运理事会

2011年航运三大板块集装箱、干散货和油轮市场都处于需求低增长和运力高增长的供需严重失衡态势,运价呈低位震荡走势。一、全球经济由于欧美债务危机的影响,全球经济陷入二次衰退的风险在增加。2011年欧美等西方经济体经济增速明显下滑... 详细信息

2011年航运三大板块集装箱、干散货和油轮市场都处于需求低增长和运力高增长的供需严重失衡态势,运价呈低位震荡走势。一、全球经济由于欧美债务危机的影响,全球经济陷入二次衰退的风险在增加。2011年欧美等西方经济体经济增速明显下滑,私人消费需求萎缩导致进口需求下降,同样出口也在下降。美国制

关键词：运力集装箱船拆解运输能力货柜船货船低运价干散货船油轮市场成品油轮运力供给

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Continuous Apomorphine Infusion in Patients with Advanced Parkinson’s Disease with Varying Degrees of Functional Impairment

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第10期6卷 393-403页

作者： Gabriel Salazar Marta Fragoso Jonatan Martí Noelia Martín Rosó bernal Neurology Department Hospital Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa Barcelona Spain Day-Hospital Nursing Department Hospital Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa Barcelona Spain

Introduction: Continuous apomorphine infusion (CAI) is effective in improving complications in advanced Parkinson’s disease (APD). The effectiveness and tolerance of CAI in patients with APD with varying degrees of functional impairment was studied. Methods: In this comparative observational study, consecutive APD who started treatment with CAI were included. They were classified into two groups of functional impairment: A) moderate (Schwab and England (S & E) = 60% - 80% and Hoehn and Yahr (H & Y) = 2 - 3;Group (A), and (B) severe (S & E 3;Group B). Clinical follow-up was performed with concomitant medication and CAI adjustment at 3, 6 and 12 months. Clinical evaluation included a dyskinesia diary and AIMS, S & E, NPI, NMSS and HADS questionnaires. Results: Eighteen patients participated (A = 9 and B = 9) with EP diagnosed 7 (A) and 13 (B) years before. Their baseline dose of levodopa was 728 mg (A) and 925 mg (B), which did not change during follow-up. Dopamine agonists were progressively reduced in both groups. Progressive titration of CAI resulted in abandonment of apomorphine bolus administration. Both groups experienced improvements in all variables, higher in group A;motor fluctuations = 69% (A), 53% (B);AIMS = 82% (A), 71 (B);S & E = 32% (A), 18% (B);NMS = 62% (A), 19% (B);NPI = 75% (A), 50% (B);HADS (anxiety) = 26% (A), 21% (B);HADS (depression) = 52% (A), 31% (B). Adverse effects were generally mild and resolved without reducing CAI dose. There were no withdrawals. Conclusions: Patients with APD and moderate functional impairment treated with CAI may obtain greater functional, cognitive and emotional improvement than patients more severely affected.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Apo Morphine Continuous Dopaminergic Stimulation

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A novel motion tracking system for evaluation of functional rehabilitation of the upper limbs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第19期8卷 1773-1782页

作者： ngel Gil-Agudo Ana de los Reyes-Guzmán Iris Dimbwadyo-Terrer Benito Peasco-Martín Alberto bernal-Sahún Patricia López-Monteagudo Antonio del Ama-Espinosa José Luis Pons Department of Biomechanics and Technical Aids National Hospital for Spinal Cord Injury Health Department Indra SystemsAlcobendas Madrid Spain Bioengineering Group Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) Arganda del ReyMadrid Spain

Upper limb function impairment is one of the most common sequelae of central nervous system in jury, especially in stroke patients and when spinal cord injury produces tetraplegia. Conventional assessment methods cannot provide objective evaluation of patient performance and the effec tiveness of therapies. The most common assessment tools are based on rating scales, which are inefficient when measuring small changes and can yield subjective bias. In this study, we designed an inertial sensorbased monitoring system composed of five sensors to measure and analyze the complex movements of the upper limbs, which are common in activities of daily living. We devel oped a kinematic model with nine degrees of freedom to analyze upper limb and head movements in three dimensions. This system was then validated using a commercial optoelectronic system. These findings suggest that an inertial sensorbased motion tracking system can be used in patients who have upper limb impairment through data integration with a virtual realitybased neurorehabili tation system.

关键词： neural regenerationtion tracking upperroregenerationbrain injury spinal cordmb: neurorehabilitationnjury kinematic analysis inertial measurement mo-virtual reality sensors grants-supported paper neu-

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2015航迹与行瞻

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中国远洋航务 2015年第7期 30-34页

作者： Peter sand BIMCO

2015年集装箱和散货运输市场依然受困于运力供需失衡以及运价低迷，尤其散货需求的大幅萎缩，即使运力增长降至十年最低也难以支撑市场运价。令航运人稍感安慰的是，原油和成品油油轮市场的持续走强，给仍处低谷的航运市场带来一抹亮色。

关键词：业务板块

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Suitability of the Composite Made of Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes-Polyvinylpyrrolidone for Culturing Invertebrate <i>Helix aspersa</i>Neurons

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2017年第2期5卷 41-50页

作者： Juan bernal-Martinez Rafael Godínez-Fernández Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal Biophysical Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department Universidad Aut&oacute noma Metropolitana Iztapalapa M&eacute xico City M&eacute xico Department of Engineering and Chemistry of Materials Centro de Investigaci&oacute n y Materiales Avanzados S.C. Chihuahua M&eacute xico

Carbon nanotubes have been used as scaffolds for tissue engineering. However, the identification of these nanomaterials disperses in biological solutions and their direct interaction with nerve cells is still controversial. The aim of this work is to characterize the topographic and ultra-structural distribution of the composite made of multi wall carbon nanotubes-polyvinylpyrrolidone (MWCNTs-PVP) deposited on the Helix aspersa neurons and over glass coverslip. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Confocal Microscopy (CM) studies were done to analyze the properties of such MWCNTs-PVP composite. The cerebral ganglion of Helix aspersa was treated and incubated with MWCNTs-PVP, fixing it in paraformaldehyde at 4% and was observed with SEM and CM. Although the nanotubes were not labeled or stained with fluorescent compounds, the MWCNTs-PVP deposited on glass and on nerve cells, was observed by the confocal microscope in the reflection mode. In SEM studies, it was observed that MWCNTs-PVP was attached to the surface on neurons. Moreover, in CM studies, it was possible to observe that MWCNTs-PVP was attached to the neuronal membrane, crossing the cell membrane and getting into the cytoplasm. These results support the hypothesis that carbon nanotubes interact with the neuronal cell membrane and can be useful for neuronal tissue engineering. In addition, these results open new alternatives for toxicological studies, in order to elucidate the cytotoxicity of MWCNTs-PVP composite in neurons and other excitable cells.

关键词： Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes Functional Scaffolds Neurons Helix aspersa Tissue Engineering Brain Repair

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