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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 542-547页

作者： María Norte-Muñoz David García-bernal Diego García-Ayuso Manuel Vidal-Sanz Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain Grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología.Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain

Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical models.Mesenchymal stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration,namely trophic factor deprivation and neuroinflammation.Most studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional improvement.However,little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous system.Here,we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system,focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation.

关键词： adaptive immunity cell therapy central nervous system immune system innate immunity mesenchymal stromal cells neuroregeneration preclinical studies retina transplantation

Removal of chromophoric dissolved organic matter under combined photochemical and microbial degradation as a response to different irradiation intensities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 76-86页

作者： Theis Kragh Kaj sand-Jensen Emil Kristensen Ole Pedersen Mikkel Madsen-Фterbye Department of Biology University of Southern DenmarkSyddanmark 5230Denmark Freshwater Biological Laboratory Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2100Denmark

Throughout the freshwater continuum, Dissolved Organic Carbon(DOC) and the colored fraction, Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Material(CDOM), are continuously being added,removed, and transformed, resulting in changes in the chromophoricity and lability of organic matter over time. We examined, experimentally, the effect of increasing irradiationintensities on the combined photochemical and microbial degradation of CDOM and DOC.This was done by using a simulated mixed water column: aged water from a humic lake was exposed to four irradiation-intensities – representing winter, early and late spring, and summer conditions(0.10, 0.16, 0.36, and 0.58 W/m^(2)) – and compared with dark controls over 37days. We found a linear relationship between CDOM degradation and irradiation-intensities up to 0.36 W/m^(2);the degradation rate saturated at higher intensities, both at specific wavelengths and for broader intervals. After 37 days at high irradiation-intensity, CDOM absorption of irradiation at 340 nm had been reduced by 41%;48% of DOC had been removed and DOC degradation continued to increase. Aromaticity(SUVA254) declined significantly over 37 days at the two lowest but not at the two highest UV-intensities;levels in unexposed control water remained constant. Direct observations of the humic lake showed that CDOM absorption of irradiation(340 nm) declined by 27% from winter to summer. A model based on hydrological CDOM input and CDOM degradation calculated from field measurements of UV-radiation and experimental CDOM degradation with UV-exposure from sunlight accurately predicted the annual course as observed in the lake. With no external CDOM input,92% of the CDOM could be degraded in a year. The results support the notion that combined photochemical and microbial CDOM degradation can be remarkably higher in lakes than previously thought and that humic lakes retain their color due to light absorption by ongoing CDOM input.

关键词： Biodegradation Brownification Carbon cycling CDOM DOC Humic lake Photobleaching UV-bleaching

The impact of genotyping strategies and statistical models on accuracy of genomic prediction for survival in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 908-916页

作者： Tianfei Liu Bjarne Nielsen Ole F.Christensen Mogens sandøLund Guosheng Su Institute of Animal Science Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark Pig Research Centre SEGES1609 CopenhagenDenmark

Background:Survival from birth to slaughter is an important economic trait in commercial pig productions.Increasing survival can improve both economic efficiency and animal welfare.The aim of this study is to explore the impact of genotyping strategies and statistical models on the accuracy of genomic prediction for survival in pigs during the total growing period from birth to slaughter.Results:We simulated pig populations with different direct and maternal heritabilities and used a linear mixed model,a logit model,and a probit model to predict genomic breeding values of pig survival based on data of individual survival records with binary outcomes(0,1).The results show that in the case of only alive animals having genotype data,unbiased genomic predictions can be achieved when using variances estimated from pedigreebased model.Models using genomic information achieved up to 59.2%higher accuracy of estimated breeding value compared to pedigree-based model,dependent on genotyping scenarios.The scenario of genotyping all individuals,both dead and alive individuals,obtained the highest accuracy.When an equal number of individuals(80%)were genotyped,random sample of individuals with genotypes achieved higher accuracy than only alive individuals with genotypes.The linear model,logit model and probit model achieved similar accuracy.Conclusions:Our conclusion is that genomic prediction of pig survival is feasible in the situation that only alive pigs have genotypes,but genomic information of dead individuals can increase accuracy of genomic prediction by 2.06%to 6.04%.

关键词： Genomic prediction Genotyping strategy Simulation Statistical models Survival

Recent advances in wheel–rail RCF and wear testing

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第12期11卷 2181-2203页

作者： Sundar SHRESTHA Maksym SPIRYAGIN Esteban bernal Qing WU Colin COLE Centre for Railway Engineering Central Queensland UniversityRockhampton 4701Australia Australasian Centre for Rail Innovation Canberra 2601Australia

The wear and rolling contact fatigue (RCF) testing approaches for wheels and rails have been reviewedand evaluated in this study. The study points out the advantages and limitations of the existing approaches. Thebroad analysis revealed that scaled laboratory-based wear testing is widely applied. However, it is necessary topredetermine the input parameters and observing parameters for scaled wear testing for three reasons: first, toemulate the real-world scenarios as closely as possible;second, to postprocess the results received from the scaledtesting and transfer them into real practice at full scale;third, to present the results in a legible/appropriate format.Therefore, most of the important parameters required for wear testing have been discussed with fundamental andsystematic explanations provided. Additionally, the transition of the parameters from the real-world into the testdomain is explained. This study also elaborates on the challenges of the RCF and wear testing processes andconcludes by providing major considerations toward successful testing.

关键词： wear testing rolling contact fatigue(RCF)testing wheel-rail

Pandemic resilience and the heritage of Asian urban communities

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Built Heritage 2023年第3期7卷 78-86页

作者： Jordan A.sand Georgetown University ICC 601WashingtonDC 20057-1035USA

1 Introduction:community heritage in Tokyo The neighbourhood in Tokyo where I lived while a student in the 1980s was a fire trap.Wood rowhouses clad with thin,untreated clapboards fronted directly on streets less than four meters across-many too narrow for a fire truck to enter.In winter,people used free-standing kerosene heaters.Houses were dilapidated,and a few displayed a worrying lean.Local authorities had plans for clearance and redevelopment but lacked the powers of eminent domain to remove long-time residents and propertyowners.

关键词： remove winter narrow

TinyML-Based Fall Detection for Connected Personal Mobility Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3869-3885页

作者： Ramon Sanchez-Iborra Luis bernal-Escobedo Jose Santa Antonio Skarmeta University Center of Defense General Air Force AcademySan Javier30720Spain University of Murcia Murcia30100Spain Technical University of Cartagena Cartagena30202Spain

A new wave of electric vehicles for personal mobility is currently crowding public spaces.They offer a sustainable and efficient way of getting around in urban environments,however,these devices bring additional safety issues,including serious accidents for riders.Thereby,taking advantage of a connected personal mobility vehicle,we present a novel on-device Machine Learning(ML)-based fall detection system that analyzes data captured from a range of sensors integrated on an on-board unit(OBU)prototype.Given the typical processing limitations of these elements,we exploit the potential of the TinyML paradigm,which enables embedding powerful ML algorithms in constrained units.We have generated and publicly released a large dataset,including real riding measurements and realistically simulated falling events,which has been employed to produce different TinyML models.The attained results show the good operation of the system to detect falls efficiently using embedded OBUs.The considered algorithms have been successfully tested on mass-market low-power units,implying reduced energy consumption,flash footprints and running times,enabling new possibilities for this kind of vehicles.

关键词： Personal mobility machine learning on-board unit C-ITS IoT

Modelling the impacts of cover crop management strategies on the water use,carbon exchange and yield of olive orchards

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 283-295页

作者： Alvaro López-bernal Omar García-Tejera Luca Testi Francisco J.Villalobos Departamento de Agronomía Universidad de CórdobaCampus de RabanalesEdifi cio C414071 CórdobaSpain Departamento de Ingeniería Agraria Y del Medio Natural Universidad de La LagunaCarretera General de Geneto 238200 San Cristóbal de La LagunaSpain Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible(IAS) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científi cas(CSIC)Av.Menéndez Pidal S/N14080 CórdobaSpain

Cover crops have long been proposed as an alternative soil management for minimizing erosion rates in olive stands while providing additional ecosystem services.However,the trade-off between these benefits and the competition for water with the trees makes the definition of optimal management practices a challenging task in semiarid climates.This work presents an improved version of OliveCan,a process-based simulation model of olive orchards that now can simulate the main impacts of cover crops on the water and carbon balances of olive orchards.Albeit simple in its formulation,the new model components were developed to deal with different cover crop management strategies.Examples are presented for simulation runs of a traditional olive orchard in the conditions of southern Spain,evaluating the effects of different widths for the strip occupied by the cover crop(Fcc)and two contrasting mowing dates.Results revealed that high Fccresulted in lower olive yields,but only when mowing was applied at the end of spring.In this regard,late mowing and high Fccwas associated with lower soil water content from spring to summer,coinciding with olive flowering and the earlier stages of fruit growth.Fccwas also negatively correlated with surface runoff irrespective of the mowing date.On the other hand,net ecosystem productivity(NEP)was substantially affected by both Fccand mowing date.Further simulations under future climate scenarios comparing the same management alternatives are also presented,showing substantial yield reductions by the end of the century and minor or negligible changes in NEP and seasonal runoff.

关键词： Carbon exchange Cover crops Crop modelling Evapotranspiration Olea europaea L

Bone marrow-derived mononuclear stem cells in the treatment of retinal degenerations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1937-1944页

作者： Diego García-Ayuso Johnny Di Pierdomenico David García-bernal Manuel Vidal-Sanz María P.Villegas-Pérez Departamento de Oftalmología Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaCampus de Ciencias de la saludMurciaSpain Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca(IMIB-Virgen de la Arrixaca) MurciaSpain Servicio de Hematología Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaMurciaSpain

Retinal degenerative diseases affecting the outer retina in its many forms(inherited,acquired or induced)are characterized by photoreceptor loss,and represent currently a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the world.At present,there are very few treatments capable of preventing,recovering or reversing photoreceptor degeneration or the secondary retinal remodeling,which follows photoreceptor loss and can also cause the death of other retinal cells.Thus,these diseases are nowadays one of the greatest challenges in the field of ophthalmological research.Bone marrow derived-mononuclear stem cell transplantation has shown promising results for the treatment of photoreceptor degenerations.These cells may have the potential to slow down photoreceptor loss,and therefore should be applied in the early stages of photoreceptor degenerations.Furthermore,because of their possible paracrine effects,they may have a wide range of clinical applications,since they can potentially impact on several retinal cell types at once and photoreceptor degenerations can involve different cells and/or begin in one cell type and then affect adjacent cells.The intraocular injection of bone marrow derived-mononuclear stem cells also enhances the outcomes of other treatments aimed to protect photoreceptors.Therefore,it is likely that future investigations may combine bone marrow derived-mononuclear stem cell therapy with other systemic or intraocular treatments to obtain greater therapeutic effects in degenerative retinal diseases.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration bone marrow stem cells intravitreal injection macroglia microglia photoreceptor degeneration retinal ganglion cells retinitis pigmentosa subretinal injection transplant

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAFT COPOLYMER(ALGINATE-g-POLY(N,N-DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE))

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2010年第5期28卷 673-683页

作者： Mithilesh Yadav Arpit sand Kunj Behari Polymer Science Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity of AllahabadAllahabadIndia

The graft copolymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide onto alginate by free radical polymerization using potassium peroxymonosulphate-sarbose as a redox pair in an inert atmosphere was investigated. The reaction conditions for maximum grafting have been optimized by varying the reaction variables, including the concentration of N,N-dimethylacrylamide （7 × 10-2 mol/L to 23 × 10-2 mol/L）, potassium peroxymonosulphate （2 × 10-3 mol/L to 18 × 10-3 mol/L）, sarbose （0.4 × 10-3 mol/L to 3.4 × 10-3 mol/L）, sulphuric acid （1 × 10-3 mol/L to 8 × 10-3 mol/L） and alginic acid （0.4 g/L to 1.8 g/L） along with time duration （60 min to 180 min） and temperature （25℃ to 45℃）. Water swelling capacity, metal ion sorption and flocculation studies of the synthesized graft copolymer have been performed. The graft copolymer has been characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.

关键词： Graft copolymer Potassium peroxymonosulphate Sarbose IR Spectroscopy Thermal analysis.

Surgery for chronic pancreatitis in Finland is rare but seems to produce good long-term results

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第35期9卷 10927-10936页

作者： Mikael Parhiala Juhani sand Johanna Laukkarinen Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere UniversityTampere 33521Finland Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery Tampere University HospitalTampere 33520Finland

BACKGROUND Abdominal pain in chronic pancreatitis(CP)may require invasive interventions.Surgical procedures are rare,and little is known about the long-term results.AIM To study the nationwide frequency of pancreatic surgery for CP in Finland,and postoperative symptoms and quality of life(QoL).METHODS All patients in Finland with a diagnosis of CP who had undergone pancreatic surgery during 2000-2008 were selected from a national register.Only patients with CP as an indication for pancreatic surgery were included.Medical records were studied and questionnaires QLQ-C30,PAN26 and AUDIT,and symptom questionnaires were sent out.RESULTS During the 9-year period,pancreatic surgery for CP was performed on 30 patients[77%men,median age 45(21-62)years].Eighty-three percent underwent endoscopic procedures before surgery.Surgery was performed a median 2(0-10)years after the original CP diagnosis,and 17%developed postoperative complications.Primary pain relief after surgery was reported in 70%of cases.Need for strong pain medication was lower after surgery.Eight of 21(38%)returned the questionnaires and 88%reported that surgery had reduced their pain and 63%were almost or entirely pain-free at a median 14(10-18)years after surgery.QoL results did not differ from those in our control Finnish CP group.CONCLUSION Surgery for CP is rare in Finland and most patients had prior endoscopic procedures.Patients who returned the questionnaires reported less pain and good QoL during the 14-year follow-up.

关键词： Surgery Pain Chronic pancreatitis Quality of life Complication