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Future changes in rainfall, temperature and reference evapotranspiration in the central India by least square support vector machine

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第3期8卷 583-596页

作者： sananda kundu Deepak Khare Arun Mondal Department of Water Resources Development and Management Indian Institute of Technology

Climate change affects the environment and natural resources immensely. Rainfall, temperature and evapotranspiration are major parameters of climate affecting changes in the environment. Evapotrans- piration plays a key role in crop production and water balance of a region, one of the major parameters affected by climate change. The reference evapotranspiration or ETo is a calculated parameter used in this research. In the present study, changes in the future rainfall, minimum and maximum temperature, and ETo have been shown by downscaling the HadCM3 （Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3） model data. The selected study area is located in a part of the Narmada river basin area in Madhya Pradesh in central India. The downscaled outputs of projected rainfall, ETo and temperatures have been shown for the 21st century with the HADCM3 data of A2 scenario by the Least Square Support Vector Machine （LS-SVM） model. The efficiency of the LS-SVM model was measured by different statistical methods. The selected predictors show considerable correlation with the rainfall and temperature and the application of this model has been done in a basin area which is an agriculture based region and is sensitive to the change of rainfall and temperature. Results showed an increase in the future rainfall, temperatures and ETo. The temperature increase is projected in the high rise of minimum temperature in winter time and the highest increase in maximum temperature is projected in the pre-monsoon season or from March to May. Highest increase is projected in the 2080s in 2081-2091 and 2091-2099 in maximum temperature and 2091-2099 in minimum temperature in all the stations. Winter maximum temperature has been observed to have increased in the future. High rainfall is also observed with higher ETo in some decades. Two peaks of the increase are observed in ETo in the April-May and in the October. Variation in these parameters due to climate change might have an impact on the future water reso

关键词： Rainfall Temperature Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) Downscaling Least Square Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM)

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Uncertainty of soil erosion modelling using open source high resolution and aggregated DEMs

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第3期8卷 425-436页

作者： Arun Mondal Deepak Khare sananda kundu Sandip Mukherjee Anirban Mukhopadhyay Surajit Mondal Department of Water Resources Development & Management Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Department of Natural Resources TERI University New Delhi 110 070 India School of Oceanographic Studies Jadavpur University Kolkata India d Division of Land Division of Land & Water Management Research Complex for Eastern Region(RCER)Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR) Patna India

Digital Elevation Model （DEM） is one of the important parameters for soil erosion assessment. Notable uncertainties are observed in this study while using three high resolution open source DEMs. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE） model has been applied to analysis the assessment of soil erosion uncertainty using open source DEMs （SRTM, ASTER and CARTOSAT） and their increasing grid space （pixel size） from the actual. The study area is a part of the Narmada river basin in Madhya Pradesh state, which is located in the central part of India and the area covered 20,558 km2. The actual resolution of DEMs is 30 m and their increasing grid spaces are taken as 90, 150, 210, 270 and 330 m for this study. Vertical accuracy of DEMs has been assessed using actual heights of the sample points that have been taken considering planimetric survey based map （toposheet）. Elevations of DEMs are converted to the same vertical datum from WGS 84 to MSL （Mean Sea Level）, before the accuracy assessment and modelling. Results indicate that the accuracy of the SRTM DEM with the RMSE of 13.31, 14.51, and 18.19 m in 30, 150 and 330 m resolution respectively, is better than the ASTER and the CARTOSAT DEMs. When the grid space of the DEMs increases, the accuracy of the elevation and calculated soil erosion decreases. This study presents a potential uncertainty introduced by open source high resolution DEMs in the accuracy of the soil erosion assessment models. The research provides an analysis of errors in selecting DEMs using the original and increased grid space for soil erosion modelling.

关键词： DEM RUSLE SRTM ASTER CARTOSAT

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Change in rainfall erosivity in the past and future due to climate change in the central part of India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第3期4卷 186-194页

作者： Arun Mondal Deepak Khare sananda kundu Department of Water Resources Development&Management Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkeeIndia

Temporal change in rainfall erosivity varies due to the rainfall characteristic(amount,intensity,frequency,duration),which affects the conservation of soil and *** study illustrates the variation of rainfall erosivity due to changing rainfall in the past and the *** projected rainfall is generated by SDSM(Statistical DownScaling Model)after calibration and validation using two GCMs(general circulation model)data of HadCM3(A2 and B2 scenario)and CGCM3(A1B and A2 scenario).The selected study area is mainly a cultivable area with an agricultural based *** economy depends on rainfall and is located in a part of the Narmada river basin in central *** rainfall locations are selected that are distributed throughout the study area and *** results indicate gradually increasing projected rainfall while the past rainfall has shown a declined pattern by Mann–Kendall test with statistical 95%confidence *** erosivity has increased due to the projected increase in the future rainfall(2080 s)in comparison to the *** erosivity varies from32.91%to 24.12%in the 2020s,18.82 to 75.48%in 2050 s and 20.95–202.40%in *** outputs of this paper can be helpful for the decision makers to manage the soil water conservation in this study area.

关键词： Rainfall erosivity Statistical DownScaling Model(SDSM) General circulation model Narmada river Mann-Kendall test

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RNAi-Mediated Silencing of ITPK Gene Reduces Phytic Acid Content,Alters Transcripts of Phytic Acid Biosynthetic Genes,and Modulates Mineral Distribution in Rice Seeds

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Rice science 2020年第4期27卷 315-328页

作者： Aritra KARMAKAR sananda BHATTACHARYA Shinjini SENGUPTA Nusrat ALI Sailendra Nath SARKAR Karabi DATTA Swapan K.DATTA Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops Department of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkata 700019West BengalIndia Plant Nutrition Department Centre Mondial de I’Innovation RoullierSaint Malo 35400France

Phytic acid is the principal storage form of phosphorus in plant seeds and an essential signalling molecule in several regulatory processes of plant ***,it is known as an anti-nutrient compound owing to its potent chelating ***,reducing the phytic acid content in crops is *** involving regulation of MIPS and IPK1 genes to generate low phytate rice have been reported ***,the functional significance of OsITPK and the effect of its down-regulation on phytic acid content and the associated pleiotropic effects on rice have not yet been *** this study,tissue specific RNA interference(RNAi)-mediated down-regulation of a major ITPK homolog(OsITP5/6K-1)resulted in 46.2%decrease in phytic acid content of T2 transgenic seeds with a subsequent 3-fold enhancement in the inorganic phosphorus *** of OsITP5/6K-1 altered the transcript levels of essential phytic acid pathway genes,without significantly affecting the transcript levels of other OsITPK ***,the mapping of elements through X-ray microfluorescence analysis revealed significant changes in the spatial distribution pattern and translocation of elements in low phytate ***,low phytate polished seeds exhibited 1.3-fold and 1.6-fold enhancement in iron and zinc content in the grain endosperm,*** of OsITP5/6K-1 also altered the amino acid and myo-inositol content of the transgenic *** results successfully established that RNAi-mediated silencing of OsITP5/6K-1 gene significantly reduced the phytate levels in seeds without hampering the germination potential of seeds and plant *** present study provided an insight into the mechanism of phytic acid biosynthesis pathway.

关键词： inositol triphosphate kinase-1 phytic acid mineral content RNA interference silencing X-ray microfluorescence

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Mitochondrial-triggered immune responses mechanistically connect drug-induced steatohepatitis and cardiomyopathy associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第8期18卷 2078-2080页

作者： Haoran Wang sananda Pai Shun Ishiyama Xin Guo Wei Dong Gao Lakshmi Santhanam Kathy Gabrielson Dolores B.Njoku Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

In our prior publication[1],we elucidated IL-33-dependent mechanisms that regulate drug-induced liver *** this commentary,we mechanistically connected IL-33-dependent drug-induced steatohepatitis with nonalcoholic ***-induced steatohepatitis(DISH)is a rare form of drug-induced liver injury caused by drugs that are capable of inducing metabolic injury,steatosis or steatohepatitis[2].

关键词： drug hepatitis drugs

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Biopsy of parotid masses:Review of current techniques

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第5期8卷 501-505页

作者： sananda Haldar Joseph D Sinnott Kemal M Tekeli Samuel S Turner David C Howlett Department of Radiology East Sussex Healthcare Trust Department of ENT Surgery East Sussex Healthcare Trust Department of Maxillofacial Surgery Royal Sussex County Brighton Department of Surgery Royal Free Hospital

Definitive diagnosis of parotid gland masses is required optimal management planning and for prognosis. There is controversy over whether fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) or ultrasound guided core biopsy(USCB) should be the standard for obtaining a biopsy. The aim of this review is to assess the current evidence available to assess the benefits of each technique and also to assess the use of intra-operative frozen section(IOFS). Literature searches were performed using pubmed and google scholar. The literature has been reviewed and the evidence is presented. FNAC is an accepted and widely used technique. It has been shown to have variable diagnostic capabilities depending on centres and experience of staff. USCB has a highly consistent diagnostic accuracy and can help with tumour grading and staging. However, the technique is more invasive and there is a question regarding potential for seeding. Furthermore, USCB is less likely to be offered as part of a one-stop clinic. IOFS has no role as a first line diagnostic technique but may be reserved as an adjunct or for lesions not amenable to percutaneous biopsy. On balance, USCB seems to be the method of choice. The current evidence suggests it has superior diagnostic potential and is safe. With time, USCB is likely to supplant FNAC as the biopsy technique of choice, replicating that which has occurred already in other areas of medicine such a breast practice.

关键词： Parotid Biopsy Fine needle aspiration Cytology Mass Fine needle aspiration Cytology Corebiopsy Ultrasound Diagnosis

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大部分孤立的亚段肺栓塞并不需要抗凝治疗

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英国医学杂志中文版 2013年第6期16卷 385-385页

作者： sananda Haldar Brighton and Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust Brighton BN2 5BE UK

我们同意Wiener及其同事的观点，CT肺血管成像部分导致了肺栓塞的过度诊断。

关键词：肺栓塞抗凝治疗孤立肺血管成像过度诊断

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