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Urosepsis among Sudanese Patients: A Paradigm from Limited Resources Country

Advances in Microbiology 2022年第3期12卷 109-120页

作者： Salma Omer Ibrahim mohammed Elimam Sami Mahjoub Taha sanaa mohammed yousif Hajir mohammed Hussein Omer Mirghani yousif Seitelbanat Yassin Ali Elnaiem yousif Abdelhameed mohammed Omer Abu Elhasan Adama Dawoud Abakar Elhadi Abdalla Ahmed Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Lab Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Faculty of Medicine University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan National Blood Bank Ministry of Health Khartoum Sudan Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice Faculty of Pharmacy University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Resident at Gezira Hospital for Renal Disease and Surgery Urology (GHRDS) Wad Medani Sudan Cancer National Institute University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Wad Madani College for Medical Science and Technology Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan

Background: Urosepsis is life-threatening sepsis that leads to organ dysfunction and results from a defective response to a urinary tract infection;the major precipitating is obstructive uropathy in the upper or lower urinary tract (UT). The magnitude and burden of bacteria that caused uropathy were reported to increase annually. In 30% of all septic patients who were diagnosed with urosepsis, 1.5% of them were found in urology and a quarter due to hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (HAUTIs). This study aims to determine the clinical pattern and the frequency of commonly used antibiotics against bacteria associated with urosepsis among Sudanese patients. Methods: This was a cross sectional laboratory-based study, study subjects were recruited from patients attended to Gezira Hospital for Renal diseases and surgery (GHRDS) and was diagnosed, on clinical and laboratory basis, to have urosepsis. Hundred (n = 100) urine samples were collected and inoculated on cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED) media and identify using the suitable biochemical test and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique for selected antimicrobial agents, according to clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Amongst urosepsis infection the frequency of E. coli, S. aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebseilla pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were (37%, 21%, 10%, 6%, 4% respectively). Resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics was high, ranging from 17% for meropenem to 100% for cefepime. P. aeruginosa was multidrug resistant compared with other isolates. Conclusions: There was high rate of antibiotic resistance against the common causes of urosepsis in GHRDS, and this reflects the importance of culture and sensitivity test and necessitates adoption of guidelines for selection of suitable antibiotic.

关键词： Urosepsis Antimicrobial Susceptibility Gezira Hospital for Renal Diseases and Surgery Sudan

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Study on PVL, blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 Genes in Drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Causing Surgical-Sites and Traumatic Wounds Infections, Sudan

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2022年第2期12卷 30-42页

作者： sanaa mohammed yousif Adam Dawoud Abakar Salaheldein Gumaa Elzaki Salma Omer Ibrahim Omer Abu Elhasan Mohamed Taj-Eldin Elhadi Abdalla Ahmed National Blood Bank Ministry of Health Khartoum Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Molecular Biology Laboratory Department of Epidemiology Tropical Medicine Research Institute Khartoum Sudan Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Wad Medani College of Medical Sciences and Technology Wad Medani Sudan

Background: The characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus that made it the most important cause of wound infections are environmental spread antimicrobials resistance and virulence. Absence of molecular detection of drug resistance and virulence factors in many developing countries limits the epidemiological information. This study conducted to identify PVL virulence gene, and blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 drug resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from surgical-sites infections (SSIs) and traumatic wounds. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2019 to 2021, in which 70 cefepime resistant Staphylococcus aureus were used, the strains were isolated from patients of SSIs and traumatic wounds admitted to the department of General Surgery in Wad Medani Teaching Hospital. Mannitol salt agar was used for primary culture followed by biochemical identification and Kirby Bauer susceptibility testing. Single and multiplex PCR protocols performed for bacterial confirmation and target genes detection. Results: Staphylococcus aureus strains from SSIs constituted 56% (39/70) from which 41% (16/39) possessed PVL gene while 42% (13/31) of wound infections strains were positive for PVL gene. Presence of PVL gene was significantly associated with resistance to meropenem (P. value 0.023) and ceftriaxone (P. value 0.037). blaOXA-23 was significantly detected with resistance to meropenem, augmentin and ceftriaxone. While blaOXA-51 was significantly identified among Staphylococcus aureus strains that showed resistance to meropenem and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: This is the first study in Sudan that identified blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 in Staphylococcus aureus and correlated them to resistance to commonly used antimicrobials. Meropenem resistant Staphylococcus aureus were significantly positive for PVL, blaOXA-23 and baOXA-51 genes.

关键词： Staphylococcus aureus PVL blaOXA-23 blaOXA-51 Wounds Sudan

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Incidence of Oxa23 and Oxa51 Genes Associated with Bacterial Isolated from Patients with Urosepsis: Single Centre Prespective

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2022年第3期12卷 85-96页

作者： Salma Omer Ibrahim Elimam M. A. mohammed Sami Mahjoub Taha sanaa mohammed yousif Hajir Omer Omer Omer Mirghani Seif-Elnasr Seitelbanat Yassin yousif Abdelhameed mohammed Omer Abu Elhasan Mohamed Taj-Eldin Adam Dawoud Abakar Elhadi Abdalla Ahmed Salaheldein G. Elzaki Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Lab Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Urology Faculty of Medicine University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan National Blood Bank Ministry of Health Khartoum Sudan University Hospital Galway Galway Ireland Department of Urology Gezira Hospital for Renal Disease and Surgery Wad Medani Sudan Department of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmacy University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Clinical Chemistry National Cancer Institute University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Microbiology Wad Medani College for Medical Science and Technology Wad Medani Sudan Department of Medical Parasitology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Gezira Wad Medani Sudan Department of Epidemiology Tropical Medicine Research Institute Khartoum Sudan

Background: Urosepsis is one of the most common infections that require empirical broad spectrum antibiotics immediately after diagnosis. This has led to development of bacterial resistance by acquiring the capability to destroy the β-lactam ring. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 at Gezira Hospital for Renal diseases and surgery (GHRDS). A hundred patients were diagnosed clinically with urosepsis and the isolated organisms were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The susceptibility test was conducted by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique according to clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines. Seventy eight samples of bacterial genomic DNA were confirmed by 16srRNA and multiplex PCR, were performed for genotypic blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 gene characterization of isolated bacteria. Then gel electrophoresis was used to identify the presence or absence of (blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23) genes. Results: 88.5% (69/78) in 16srRNA detected. Using multiplex PCR, the frequencies of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes were 13% and 10.1%, respectively. The percentages of isolates which yielded both blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 among P. aeruginosa was 25% (1/4), among K. pneumonia was 17% (1/6), and among E. coli was 8% (3/37). Only blaOXA-51 was detected in P. mirabilis 10% (1/10) and only blaOXA-23 was detected in S. aureus 5% (1/18). Conclusion: In this study, the presence of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes was increased in the isolated bacteria.

关键词： Urosepsis Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23

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Correlation between mechano-electronic features and scattering rates using deformation potential theory

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 166-181页

作者： Meryem Ziati sanaa Lahlali Hamid Ez-Zahraouy Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Interdisciplinary Sciences `Unitéde recherche labellisée CNRST'Faculty of SciencesMohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco mohammed VI Polytechnic University(UM6P) BenGuerir 43150Morocco

This research paper provides valuable insight into the electronic,mechanical and transport properties of the Sr_(2)RuO_(2)F_(2)*** study shows that the Sr_(2)RuO_(4)compound exhibits a metallic ground state and that the energy gap widens with oxygen substitution with *** concept of absolute deformation potential and its correlation with band energies and strains is explained using deformation potential *** paper also examines the mechanical features of Sr_(2)RuO_(2)F_(2)using the Voigt-Reuss-Hill approximation method and analyzes its elastic constants,bulk modulus and shear modulus,indicating flexibility and suitability for optoelectronic *** role of acoustic phonons in scattering rates and carrier mobility in Sr_(2)RuO_(2)F_(2)and its potential for phonon-mediated superconductivity is *** intrinsic resistivity of electrons and holes under strain and its potential impact on superconductivity and electrical resistivity are also *** insight provided by this study contributes to the current understanding of Sr_(2)RuO_(2)F_(2),and its potential applications.

关键词： density functional theory deformation potential theory scattering rates carrier mobility intrinsic resistivity

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Optimized sequential therapy vs 10- and 14-d concomitant therapy for eradicating Helicobacter pylori: A randomized clinical trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 556-564页

作者： Hassan Seddik Jihane Benass sanaa Berrag Asmae Sair Reda Berraida Hanae Boutallaka Department of Gastroenterology II Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of RabatRabat 10100Morocco Department of Gastroenterology Mohammed V University in RabatRabat 10100Morocco Department of Gastroenterology I Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of RabatRabat 10100Morocco

BACKGROUND A cure for Helicobacter pylori(***)remains a problem of global *** prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is widely rising and becoming a challenging issue *** sequential therapy seems to be one of the most attractive strategies in terms of efficacy,tolerability and *** most common sequential therapy consists of a dual therapy[proton-pump inhibitors(PPIs)and amoxicillin]for the first period(5 to 7 d),followed by a triple therapy for the second period(PPI,clarithromycin and metronidazole).PPIs play a key role in maintaining a gastric pH at a level that allows an optimal efficacy of antibiotics,hence the idea of using new generation *** open-label prospective study randomized 328 patients with confirmed *** infection into three groups(1:1:1):The first group received quadruple therapy consisting of twice-daily(bid)omeprazole 20 mg,amoxicillin 1 g,clarith-romycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg for 10 d(QT-10),the second group received a 14 d quadruple therapy following the same regimen(QT-14),and the third group received an optimized sequential therapy consisting of bid rabe-prazole 20 mg plus amoxicillin 1 g for 7 d,followed by bid rabeprazole 20 mg,clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg for the next 7 d(OST-14).AEs were recorded throughout the study,and the *** eradication rate was determined 4 to 6 wk after the end of treatment,using the 13C urea breath *** In the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis,the eradication rate was higher in the OST-14 group compared to the QT-10 group:(93.5%,85.5%P=0.04)and(96.2%,89.5%P=0.03)***,there was no statist-ically significant difference in eradication rates between the OST-14 and QT-14 groups:(93.5%,91.8%P=0.34)and(96.2%,94.4%P=0.35),*** overall incidence of AEs was significantly lower in the OST-14 group(P=0.01).Furthermore,OST-14 was the most cost-effective among the three *** The optimized 14-

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Quadruple therapy Sequential Proton-pump inhibitor Optimization

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Topp-Leone Odd Fréchet Generated Family of Distributions with Applications to COVID-19 Data Sets

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第10期125卷 437-458页

作者： sanaa Al-Marzouki Farrukh Jamal Christophe Chesneau mohammed Elgarhy Statistics Department Faculty of ScienceKing AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah21551Saudi Arabia Department of Statistics Govt.S.A Postgraduate College Dera Nawab SahibBahawalpur63100Pakistan Universitéde Caen Normandie LMNOCampus IIScience 3Caen14032France Valley High Institute for Management Finance and Information Systems Obour11828Egypt

Recent studies have pointed out the potential of the odd Fréchet family(or class)of continuous distributions in fitting data of all *** this article,we propose an extension of this family through the so-called“Topp-Leone strategy”,aiming to improve its overall flexibility by adding a shape *** main objective is to offer original distributions with modifiable properties,from which adaptive and pliant statistical models can be *** the new family,these aspects are illustrated by the means of comprehensive mathematical and numerical *** particular,we emphasize a special distribution with three parameters based on the exponential *** related model is shown to be skillful to the fitting of various lifetime data,more or less *** all the possible applications,we consider two data sets of current interest,linked to the COVID-19 *** concern daily cases confirmed and recovered in Pakistan from March 24 to April 28,*** a result of our analyzes,the proposed model has the best fitting results in comparison to serious challengers,including the former odd Fréchet model.

关键词： General family of distributions asymmetric distributions probabilistic properties parametric estimation confidence intervals COVID-19 pandemic data analysis

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Generalized Truncated Fréchet Generated Family Distributions and Their Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第2期126卷 791-819页

作者： Ramadan A.ZeinEldin Christophe Chesneau Farrukh Jamal mohammed Elgarhy Abdullah M.Almarashi sanaa Al-Marzouki Deanship of Scientific Research King AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research Cairo UniversityAl OrmanGiza Governorate12613Egypt Universite de Caen LMNOCampus IIScience 3Caen14032France Department of Statistics The Islamia University of BahawalpurPunjab63100Pakistan The Higher Institute of Commercial Sciences Al Mahalla Al KubraAlgarbia31951Egypt Statistics Department Faculty of ScienceKing AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah21551Saudi Arabia

Understanding a phenomenon from observed data requires contextual and efficient statistical *** models are based on probability distributions having sufficiently flexible statistical properties to adapt to a maximum of *** examples include the distributions of the truncated Fréchet generated *** this paper,we go even further by introducing a more general family,based on a truncated version of the generalized Fréchet *** generalization involves a new shape parameter modulating to the extreme some central and dispersion parameters,as well as the skewness and weight of the *** also investigate the main functions of the new family,stress-strength parameter,diverse functional series expansions,incomplete moments,various entropy measures,theoretical and practical parameters estimation,bivariate extensions through the use of copulas,and the estimation of the model *** considering a special member of the family having the Weibull distribution as the parent,we fit two data sets of interest,one about waiting times and the other about *** statistical criteria attest that the proposed model is superior over other extended Weibull models,including the one derived to the former truncated Fréchet generated family.

关键词： Truncated distribution general family of distributions incomplete moments entropy copula data analysis

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β-arrestin-2 predicts the clinical response to β-blockers in cirrhotic portal hypertension patients: A prospective study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第2期14卷 429-441页

作者： Sameh A Lashen mohammed M Shamseya Marwa A Madkour Radwa M Abdel Salam sanaa S Mostafa Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21521Egypt Department of Experimental and Clinical Internal Medicine Medical Research InstituteAlexandria 21561Egypt Department of Pathology Medical Research InstituteAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21561Egypt

BACKGROUND Portal hypertension,a common complication associated with liver cirrhosis,can result in variceal bleeding,which greatly impacts patient ***,β-arrestin-2 has been shown to predict the acute hemodynamic response to nonselectiveβ-blocker therapy for cirrhotic portal ***,more data is needed on the long-term effects of and changes inβ-arrestin-2 following nonselectiveβ-blocker *** To investigate the expression and role ofβ-Arrestin-2 in predicting the long-term response to nonselectiveβ-blockers in cirrhotic portal hypertensive *** We prospectively enrolled 91 treatment-naïve patients with cirrhotic portal *** clinical and laboratory data were *** was performed for grading and treating varices and obtaining gastric antral *** measured the serum and antral expression ofβ-arrestin-2 and obtained Doppler measurement of the portal vein congestion *** with nonselectiveβ-blockers was then *** patients were followed up for 18 mo,after which they have undergone a repeat antral biopsy and re-evaluation of the portal vein congestion *** A higher serum level and antral expression ofβ-arrestin-2 was associated with longer bleedingfree intervals,greater reduction in the portal vein congestion index,and improved grade of *** patients with a lowβ-arrestin-2 expression,17.6%were nonselectiveβ-blocker responders,whereas,among those with high expression,95.1%were responders(P<0.001).A serumβ-arrestin-2 value≥2.23 ng/mL was associated with a lower likelihood of variceal bleeding(90%sensitivity and 71%specificity).β-arrestin-2 expression significantly decreased after nonselectiveβ-blocker ***β-arrestin-2 expression in cirrhotic portal hypertension predicts the clinical response to long-term nonselectiveβ-blocker ***β-arrestin-2 is a potential noninvasive biomarker for selecting the candidate patients for nonselectiveβ-bl

关键词： β-arrestin-2 Portal hypertension Variceal bleeding Nonselective beta-blockers Portal congestion index Variceal ligation

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Dietary supplementation of some antioxidants against hypoxia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第44期18卷 6379-6386页

作者： sanaa Ahmed Ali Hanan Farouk Aly Lilla mohammed Faddah Zeenat F Zaidi Department of Therapeutic Chemistry Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug IndustriesNational Research CenterCairo 12622Egypt Department of Pharmacology College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11495Saudi Arabia Department of Anatomy Faculty Of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11495Saudi Arabia

The present study aims to clarify the protective effect of supplementation with some antioxidants,such as idebenone(200 mg/kg,ip),melatonin(10 mg/kg,ip) and arginine(200 mg/kg,ip) and their combination,on liver function(***,albumin,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase),energetic parameters(adenosine triphosphate,adenosine diphosphate,adenosine monophosphate,inorganic phosphate,total adenylate,adenylate energy charge and potential phosphate).The effect on glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes(glucose,glycogen,glycogen phosphorylase,pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase against hypoxia) was also *** drugs were administered 24 and 1 h prior sodium nitrite *** biochemical parameters were estimated 1 h after sodium nitrite *** of sodium nitrite(75 mg/kg,sc) produced a significant disturbance in all biochemical parameters of liver function,energetic parameters and glycolytic and glycogenolytic *** damage was confirmed by histopathological examination of the liver as compared to *** marked changes in hepatic cells induced by sodium nitrite were completely abolished by pretreatment with the drug combination,suggesting potential protection against sodium nitrite-induced *** could be concluded that a combination of both idebenone and melatonin or idebenone and arginine provides potential protection against sodium nitrite-induced hypoxia by improving biochemical parameters and preserving liver histology.

关键词： Hypoxia Idebenone Melatonin Nitrate/ni-trite Adenosine triphosphate

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Trends of central line-associated bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit in the Kingdom of Bahrain:Four years’experience

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2021年第5期10卷 220-231页

作者： Safaa Al-Khawaja Nermin Kamal Saeed sanaa Al-khawaja Nashwa Azzam mohammed Al-Biltagi The Infection Disease Unit Department of Internal MedicineSalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama P.O.Box 12Bahrain Department of Internal Medicine Arabian Gulf UniversityKingdom of BahrainManama P.O.Box 26671Bahrain The Medical Microbiology Section Pathology DepartmentSalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama P.O.Box 12Bahrain The Microbiology Section Pathology DepartmentIrish Royal College of SurgeonManama P.O.Box 15503Bahrain The Intensive Care Unit Salmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama P.O.Box 12Bahrain The High Institute of Public Health Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt The Pediatrics University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityManama P.O.Box 26671Bahrain Pediatric Department Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta P.O.Box 31512AlghrabiaEgypt

BACKGROUND The central venous line is an essential component in monitoring and managing critically ill ***,it poses patients with increased risks of severe infections with a higher probability of morbidity and *** To define the trends of the rates of central line-associated bloodstream infections(CLABSI)over four years,its predicted risk factors,aetiology,and the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated *** The study was a prospective case-control study,performed according to the guidelines of the Center for Disease Control surveillance methodology for CLABSI in patients admitted to the adult intensive care unit(ICU)and auditing the implementation of its prevention *** Thirty-four CLABSI identified over the study period,giving an average CLABSI rate of 3.2/1000 central line *** infection's time trend displayed significant reductions over time concomitantly with the CLABSI prevention bundle's reinforcement from 4.7/1000 central line days at the beginning of 2016 to 1.4/1000 central line days by *** most frequently identified pathogens causing CLABSI in our ICU were gram-negative organisms(59%).The most common offending organisms were Acinetobacter,Enterococcus,and Staphylococcus epidermidis,each of them accounted for 5 cases(15%).Multidrug-resistant organisms contributed to 56%of *** rate was higher when using femoral access and longer hospitalisation duration,especially in the *** of the central line in the non-ICU setting was another identified risk *** Implementing the prevention bundles reduced CLABSI significantly in our *** the CLABSI prevention bundle is crucial to maintain a substantial reduction in the CLABSI rate in the ICU setting.

关键词： Bloodstream infection Central line Intensive Care Unit Microbiology Prevention bundle Kingdom of Bahrain

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