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Estimation of aerosol optical depth in relation to meteorological parameters over eastern and western routes of China Pakistan economic corridor

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 28-39页

作者： Bushra Khalid Ayesha Khalid Sidra Muslim Ammara Habib Kishwar Khan Debora Souza Alvim Sehrish Shakoor Sonia Mustafa sana zaheer Momel Zoon Azmat Hayat Khan sana Ilyas Bin Chen Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Beijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Enuironmental Science International Islamic UniversityIslamabadPakistan The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics TriesteItaly Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Competition Commission of Pakistan IslamabadPakistan Center of Natural Sciences and Humanities Federal University of ABCSanto AndreSPBrazil Pakistan Meteorological Department IslamabadPakistan Collaborative Innouation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University ofInformation Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

This study finds out seasonal and monthly variations in Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD)over eastern and western routes of China Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)and the relationship between AOD and meteorological parameters(i.e.,temperature,rainfall and wind speed).The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)and Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer(MISR)data was used from the terra satellite for the period of *** study aims to overtake the conventional view of the purpose of using the satellite *** study takes on to the concept that validated satellite data sets rather should be used for the analysis instead of just validation specifically for our study ***,after comparing MODIS AOD with MISR AOD,only MISR AOD dataset is used for further *** results show a decreasing trend of AOD in summer season,a positive relationship between temperature and AOD during winter and spring seasons whereas a positive relationship between wind speed and AOD in winter and spring seasons over eastern and western *** analysis of MODIS AOD and MISR AOD depicts May-Aug as the peak period of aerosol concentration over central *** inter-annual analysis shows the aerosol trend remained higher during summer season however rainfall shows the washout *** route has higher standard deviation and larger values for aerosol prevalence as compared to western *** trajectory analysis using the HYSPLIT model suggests the bias of air mass trajectory caused deviation in the aerosol trend in the year 2014.

关键词： Aerosol optical depth China-Pakistan economic corridor Meteorology Pollution development Seasonal analysis

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Microscale shaping and rounding of ridge arrays and star pattern features on nickel mould via electrochemical polishing

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第2期12卷 207-226页

作者： sana Zaki Nan Zhang Michael D.Gilchrist School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

High quality micro mould tools are critical for ensuring defect-free production of micro injection moulded *** demoulding stage of the micro injection moulding can adversely affect the surface integrity due to friction,adhesion and thermal stresses between the metallic mould and polymeric replicated *** the present work,we propose the use of precision electropolishing(EP)as a shaping and polishing process to control the draft angle and fillet radius of micro features in order to ease *** defects that occur in replicated polymer parts include cracks,burrs and distorted features.A nickel mould having multiple linear ridges and star shape patterns was designed for the present investigation to have characteristic dimensions ranging from 10μm to 150μm and with various aspect ratios to study the effect of electropolishing on modifying the shape of micro features and surface morphology.A transient 2D computational analysis has been conducted to anticipate the effect of shaping on the Ni mould after electrochemical polishing with non-uniform material removal rates,based on the distribution of current *** experimental results indicate that after shaping using EP,the draft angle of star-patterns and linear patterns can be effectively increased by approximately 3.6°,while the fillet radius increases by up to 5.0μ*** controlling the electropolishing process,the surface roughness can be maintained under 50 *** work uses a green and environmental friendly nickel sulfamate electrolyte which can be effective for shaping of nickel micro features without causing any surface deposition.

关键词： Micro feature shaping and electropolishing Micro mould tools Green electrolyte Demoulding micro patterns

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Prediction,prevention and management of gastroesophageal reflux after per-oral endoscopic myotomy:An update

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1096-1107页

作者： zaheer Nabi Pradev Inavolu Nageshwar Reddy Duvvuru Department of Gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082TelanganaIndia Department of Medical Gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500032TelanganaIndia

Achalasia cardia,the most prevalent primary esophageal motility disorder,is predominantly characterized by symptoms of dysphagia and *** principal therapeutic approaches for achalasia encompass pneumatic dilatation(PD),Heller's myotomy,and the more recent per-oral endoscopic myotomy(POEM).POEM has been substantiated as a safe and efficacious modality for the management of *** POEM demonstrates superior efficacy compared to PD and an efficacy parallel to Heller's myotomy,the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)following POEM is notably higher than with the aforementioned *** symptomatic reflux post-POEM is relatively infrequent,the significant occurrence of erosive esophagitis and heightened esophageal acid exposure necessitates vigilant monitoring to preclude long-term GERD-related *** advancements in the field have enhanced our comprehension of the risk factors,diagnostic methodologies,preventative strategies,and therapeutic management of GERD subsequent to *** review focuses on the limitations inherent in the 24-h pH study for evaluating post-POEM reflux,potential modifications in the POEM technique to mitigate GERD risk,and the strategies for managing reflux following POEM.

关键词： Achalasia cardia Per-oral endoscopic myotomy Gastroesophageal reflux Esophagitis Gastroesophageal reflux disease

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Promotion of sexual and reproductive health in Pakistan-The role of technology and online awareness

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第1期13卷 1-2页

作者： Mawiya sana Department of Public Health and Community Medicine Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Medical and Dental CollegeG855+XRM"Sheikh Zayed Medical Complex"Khayaban-e-Jamia PunjabBlock D Muslim TownLahorePunjabPakistan

Digital health innovations such as online webinars,websites,blogs,and health apps have been associated with increased sexual and reproductive health(SRH)among the general *** studies have been conducted in developed countries in the West;however,little research has been conducted in low-income countries,especially in *** socioeconomic instability and the government's lack of awareness and knowledge have resulted in no regulations being placed to incorporate telehealth in *** healthcare departments must take into consideration the lifechanging impact of telehealth and the barriers that prevent it in becoming known,to reduce the incidence of unsafe abortions and sexual health practices that prove to be a stigma in society.

关键词： income becoming Pakistan

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Assessing gully erosion and rehabilitation using multi temporal LiDAR DEMs:Case study from the Great Barrier Reef catchments,Australia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 184-199页

作者： sana Khan Rebecca Bartley Anne Kinsey-Henderson Aaron Hawdon The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) Environment1 James Cook DrDouglas4814Australia The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) EnvironmentGPO Box 2583BrisbaneQLD4001Australia

Millions of dollars are being spent on gully rehabilitation to help reduce excess fine sediment delivery to the Great Barrier Reef(GBR).There is an urgent need for(i)prioritisation of active gullies for rehabilitation and(ii)the development of methodologies to inform the effectiveness of *** this study we analyse DEMs of Difference derived from 0.5 m resolution 2-3 year interval multi-temporal LiDAR data collected pre and post rehabilitation at three variable gully morphologies in the Burdekin *** analysis indicates that the highest annual average fine sediment erosion rates for the untreated control gullies occur at the linear gully(53.38 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))followed by linear-alluvial gully(34.24 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))and least at the alluvial gully(14.41 t ha^(-1)y^(-1)).The proportional loss or export of fine sediment from the gullies in their un-treated condition ranges from∼68 to 90%of what is eroded,and when the gullies are treated the proportion of fine sediment that is retained in the gully proportional to what is eroded increases to∼60%at all *** pre-treatment baseline erosion rates,and additional post treatment LiDAR captures,it is difficult to quantify the treatment *** results offer insights in the erosion mechanisms within different geomorphic gully morphologies and rehabilitation effects in these erosional *** study provides crucial knowledge of gully dynamics that can be coupled with other lines of evidence for better prioritisation of rehabilitation in the GBR catchments.

关键词： Digital elevation models (dis)connectivity Restoration Geomorphic change detection Geomorphic effectiveness GIS

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Assessment of phytochemicals, antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer potential of flowers, leaves and stem extracts of Rosa arvensis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第4期44卷 804-812页

作者： Zubaria Tul Ain Iram Fatima sana Naseer Sobia Kanwal Tariq Mahmood Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Biology Allama Iqbal Open UniversityIslamabad 04403Pakistan Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Pakistan Academy of Sciences Islamabad 04403Pakistan

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate phytochemicals and in vitro biological potential of flowers,leaves and stem extracts of Rosa ***:Presence of twenty secondary metabolites was confirmed and then phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified *** Transform Infrared spectroscopy was conducted to ascertain functional groups and antioxidant potential was examined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity,total antioxidant capacity and total reducing power *** erythrocytes were used to assess anti-hemolytic activity and five bacterial strains were examined to determine antibacterial potential of plant *** seeds were used to perform phytotoxic activity and cytotoxic potential was evaluated via brine shrimps and PC3 cell ***:Highest phenolic contents were detected in the methanolic extract of Rosa arvensis flower(RAFM)[(151.635±0.005)gallic acid equivalent mg/g]and highest flavonoid contents in the chloroform leaf extract(RALC)[(108.228±0.004)quercetin equivalent mg/g].Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of wide range of functional *** antioxidant assays indicated highest DPPH scavenging activity[IC50(23.5±0.6)μg/mL]in the methanolic stem extract(RASM),highest total antioxidant capacity[(265.1±0.9)μg/mL]in RAFM and highest reducing potential[(209.9±0.6)μg/mL]in leaf extract(RALM).Highest antihemolytic activity[(90.0±0.5)μg/mL]was recorded in RAFM and brine shrimp cytotoxicity potential[(52.3±0.3)μg/mL]in *** antimicrobial activity was detected highest[(21.1±0.5)mm inhibition zones]in RALM against Streptococcus *** the end,antiinflammatory and anti-cancer activity results depicted less than 50%inhibition in the methanolic ***:Our findings will be helpful in designing pharmaceutical regimens and therefore,more studies can be recommended to isolate and characterize compounds associated with the biological activities of Rosa arvensis.

关键词： anti-inflammatory agents spectroscopy,fourier transform infrared hemolysis oxidative stress PC-3 cells

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A Traffic-Aware and Cluster-Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for IoT-Assisted WSNs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1831-1850页

作者： Hina Gul sana Ullah Ki-Il Kim Farman Ali Department of Computer and Software Technology University of SwatMingora19130Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea Department of Applied AI Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063Republic of Korea

The seamless integration of intelligent Internet of Things devices with conventional wireless sensor networks has revolutionized data communication for different applications,such as remote health monitoring,industrial monitoring,transportation,and smart *** and reliable data routing is one of the major challenges in the Internet of Things network due to the heterogeneity of *** paper presents a traffic-aware,cluster-based,and energy-efficient routing protocol that employs traffic-aware and cluster-based techniques to improve the data delivery in such *** proposed protocol divides the network into clusters where optimal cluster heads are selected among super and normal nodes based on their residual *** protocol considers multi-criteria attributes,i.e.,energy,traffic load,and distance parameters to select the next hop for data delivery towards the base *** performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated through the network simulator *** different traffic rates,number of nodes,and different packet sizes,the proposed protocol outperformed LoRaWAN in terms of end-to-end packet delivery ratio,energy consumption,end-to-end delay,and network *** 100 nodes,the proposed protocol achieved a 13%improvement in packet delivery ratio,10 ms improvement in delay,and 10 mJ improvement in average energy consumption over LoRaWAN.

关键词： Internet of Things wireless sensor networks traffic load clustering routing energy efficiency

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Low-complexity signal detection for massive MIMO systems via trace iterative method

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第3期35卷 549-557页

作者： IMRAN A.Khoso ZHANG Xiaofei ABDUL Hayee Shaikh IHSAN A.Khoso zaheer Ahmed Dayo College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Korea School of Mathematics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Department of Computer Science Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China

Linear minimum mean square error(MMSE)detection has been shown to achieve near-optimal performance for massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)systems but inevitably involves complicated matrix inversion,which entails high *** avoid the exact matrix inversion,a considerable number of implicit and explicit approximate matrix inversion based detection methods is *** combining the advantages of both the explicit and the implicit matrix inversion,this paper introduces a new low-complexity signal detection ***,the relationship between implicit and explicit techniques is ***,an enhanced Newton iteration method is introduced to realize an approximate MMSE detection for massive MIMO uplink *** proposed improved Newton iteration significantly reduces the complexity of conventional Newton ***,its complexity is still high for higher ***,it is applied only for first two *** subsequent iterations,we propose a novel trace iterative method(TIM)based low-complexity algorithm,which has significantly lower complexity than higher Newton *** guarantees of the proposed detector are also *** simulations verify that the proposed detector exhibits significant performance enhancement over recently reported iterative detectors and achieves close-to-MMSE performance while retaining the low-complexity advantage for systems with hundreds of antennas.

关键词： signal detection low-complexity linear minimum mean square error(MMSE) massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) trace iterative method(TIM)

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Insight into small eyes: a practical description from phenotypes presentations to the management

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 380-391页

作者： sana Niazi Sorcha NíDhubhghaill Farideh Doroodgar Zisis Gatzioufas Mohammad Hossein Dehghan Translational Ophthalmology Research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Antwerp University Hospital Edegem 2650Belgium Faculty of Health Sciences Antwerp UniversityAntwerpen 2000EdegemBelgium Negah Aref Ophthalmic Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 16666Iran University Eye Hospital Basel Basel 4031Switzerland

This narrative review aimed to have an algorithmic approach to microphthalmos by a systematic *** definition can be related to a number of special *** the more challenging cases of complex microphthalmos,relative anterior microphthalmos,and nanophthalmos,the surgeon can approach these cases more safely if they have a deep understanding of the anatomical variations and ideal formulae for intraocular lens computation and knows how to avoid intra-and post-operative *** this article,we review the criteria by which we recognize and describe pre-,intra-,and post-operative considerations,as well as discuss the ideal intraocular lenses for microphthalmos,given the intricate varieties of small eye phenotypes.

关键词： microphthalmos nanophthalmos lenses intraocular anterior chamber axial length eye cataract microcornea syndrome

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Optimization and Characterization of Combined Degumming Process of Typha angustata L. Stem Fibers

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第6期12卷 1071-1086页

作者： sana Rezig Foued Khoffi Mounir Jaouadi Asma Eloudiani Slah Msahli Laboratory of Textile Engineering(LGTex) University of MonastirKsar Hellal5070Tunisia

Plant derived natural fibers have been widely investigated as alternatives to synthetic fibers in reinforcing *** over the years have explored many plant fibers using different extraction processes to study their physical,chemical,and mechanical *** this context,the present study relates to the extraction,characterization,and optimization of Typha angustata *** *** this purpose,desirability functions and response surface methodology were applied to simultaneously optimize the diameter(D),linear density(LD);yield(Y),lignin fraction(L),and tenacity(T)of Typha stem *** stems have been subjected to both alkali(NaOH)and enzymatic(pectinex ultra-SPL)*** levels of process variables including enzyme concentration(10,15,and 20 ml/L)and treatment duration(10,15,and 20 days)were used to design the experiments according to the factorial *** results were examined by analysis of variance and fitted to second order polynomial model using multiple regression *** Derringer’s desirability function released that the values of process variables generating optimized diameter,linear density,yield,lignin ratio and tenacity are 20 ml/L and 20 days for concentration of pectinex ultra-SPL enzyme and treatment duration,*** was performed and high degree of correlation was found between the experimental and statistical ***,the morphological structure has been investigated by the scanning electron microscope,showing a crenelated structure of ultimate fiber bundles of cellulose composing the Typha *** to Typha stem non-treated fibers(TSNTF),Typha stem combined treated fibers(TSCTF),brings to improve mechanical *** change in mechanical properties is affected by modifying the fiber structure showing alpha cellulose of(66.86%)and lignin ratio of(10.83%)with a crystallinity index of(58.47%).

关键词： Typha angustata L.stems fibers combined treatment optimization process desirability function chemical and physical properties morphological structure

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