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Certificate revocation in vehicular ad hoc networks techniques and protocols: a survey

Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第10期60卷 7-24页

作者： Taimur KHAN Naveed AHMAD Yue CAO Syed Asim JALAL Muhammad ASIF sana ul haq Haitham CRUICHSHANK Department of Computer Sciences University of Peshawar Department of Computer and Information Sciences Northumbria University Institute of Communication Systems University of Surrey

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks(VANETs) are special kind of Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANETs),where vehicles communicate with each other in ad hoc formation. VANETs consist of Vehicles and Road Side Units(RSUs) that assist in the network management. Vehicles communicate with each other and RSUs, with the aim to provide infotainment and safety services on road. Security is an important consideration in VANETs as safety of humans(passengers) is an important issue. Vehicular Public Key Infrastructure(VPKI) is an adapted form of Public Key Infrastructure(PKI) used to achieve the key management and security services in *** generation and revocation is one of the primary functions of VPKI. Certificate revocation is used for revoking the malicious nodes and terminate their access rights to the network. In this paper we classify revocation schemes in a novel way into centralized and decentralized manners. This paper covers a survey of different certificate revocation schemes, and provides an overview of the research in the area of certificate revocation in VANETs.

关键词： certificate revocation list VANETs Intelligent Transportation System(ITS) Public Key Infrastructure(PKI) Vehicular Public Key Infrastructure(VPKI)

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Appearance Based Dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition Using 3D Separable Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 1213-1247页

作者： Muhammad Rizwan sana ul haq Noor Gul Muhammad Asif Syed Muslim Shah Tariqullah Jan Naveed Ahmad Department of Electronics University of PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Electronics Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheungKorea Department of Electrical Engineering Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Computer Science Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia

Appearance-based dynamic Hand Gesture Recognition(HGR)remains a prominent area of research in Human-Computer Interaction(HCI).Numerous environmental and computational constraints limit its real-time *** addition,the performance of a model decreases as the subject’s distance from the camera *** study proposes a 3D separable Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),considering the model’s computa-tional complexity and recognition *** 20BN-Jester dataset was used to train the model for six gesture *** achieving the best offline recognition accuracy of 94.39%,the model was deployed in real-time while considering the subject’s attention,the instant of performing a gesture,and the subject’s distance from the *** being discussed in numerous research articles,the distance factor remains unresolved in real-time deployment,which leads to degraded recognition *** the proposed approach,the distance calculation substantially improves the classification performance by reducing the impact of the subject’s distance from the ***,the capability of feature extraction,degree of relevance,and statistical significance of the proposed model against other state-of-the-art models were validated using t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding(t-SNE),Mathew’s Correlation Coefficient(MCC),and the McNemar test,*** observed that the proposed model exhibits state-of-the-art outcomes and a comparatively high significance level.

关键词： 3D separable CNN computational complexity hand gesture recognition human-computer interaction

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世界上第一条短信售出

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英语画刊(高中版) 2022年第1期 9-10页

作者： sana Noor haq

近日,世界上第一条短信在法国巴黎被拍卖,以近15万美元的价格作为非同质化代币售出。这条开启人类短信时代的信息在近3 0年前发出。参考译文:据法国奥古特拍卖行称,世界上第一条短信在巴黎的拍卖会以149,729美元的价格作为非同质化代币(...

近日,世界上第一条短信在法国巴黎被拍卖,以近15万美元的价格作为非同质化代币售出。这条开启人类短信时代的信息在近3 0年前发出。参考译文:据法国奥古特拍卖行称,世界上第一条短信在巴黎的拍卖会以149,729美元的价格作为非同质化代币(NFT)售出。1992年12月3日,英国程序员尼尔·帕普沃思在电脑上向时任英国电信公司沃达丰总监的理查德·贾维斯发送了一条“圣诞快乐”的短信。

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