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Molecular Detection and Sequencing for S1 Glycoprotein Gene of Bronchitis Virus of 2016 Epidemic from Sindh and Punjab

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2018年第12期9卷 649-660页

作者： Ahmad Umer Sultan Muhammad Danish Mehmood Rameez Hassan Huma Anwar sana noreen Faisal Amin Sajjad Hussain Ottoman Pharma (Immuno Division) Lahore Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Grand Parent Diagnostic Laboratory Lahore Pakistan Veterinary Research Institute Lahore Pakistan

Infectious Bronchitis (IB) is highly contagious disease of commercial poultry causing substantial economic loses by producing poor quality meat in broilers and effecting production in breeder birds. The causative agent has been reported as most hazardous pathogen among other infectious agent even after being immunized with multi-variant strain vaccine. Currently, different strain such as H-120, 4/91 and D274 have been used extensively for immunoprophylaxis against velogenic strain across Pakistan with minimal protection reported. In current study PCR analysis was used to investigate the molecular nature of IB isolates from Punjab and Sind province of Pakistan in 2016 epidemics. Total of 100 tracheal samples were considered for virus inoculation in 10 days old chicken embryonated eggs. The IBV infected amniotic fluid was neutralized with monoclonal antisera of H-120, 4/91 and D274 strains. The IBV screened samples were subjected for RNA extraction and subsequent to PCR using type specific primer of each strain. The amplified product of 840 bp was sequenced through Sanger sequencing. On the basis of PCR results, four similar amplified products from both regions were obtained showing similarities in agarose gel electrophoresis, but they differ from each other on the basis of nucleotides sequence. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that nucleotide sequences of isolates from Karachi were similar to the IBV H-120, Mass-41 and Connecticut 46 reference strains. Whereas, isolates from the Punjab province are analogous to the Mans-2, Mans-3, 9/41(UK) but did not show significant similarity with other reference strain. Therefore, it is recommended that use of M-41 and H-120 in vaccine production could be effective measure against velogenic infectious agent in Sindh particularly in Karachi, whereas, it would be better to incorporate either of the variant GQ281656.1, AY279533.1 in vaccine because of their highest level of resemblance with genetically sequenced isolates from Lahore a

关键词： Infectious Bronchitis Virus S1 Glycoprotein Polymerase Chain Reaction Virus Neutralization Test Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis

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Immunomodulatory Effect of Purified Exotoxins of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in Association with Bird Flu Virus Vaccine in Broilers

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2019年第1期9卷 1-15页

作者： Muhammad Usman Ghani Muhammad Danish Mehmood Amna Javed Farheen Ansari Huma Anwar sana noreen Sajjad Hussain Shah Ottoman Pharma (Immuno Division) Lahore Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan

Immunization is the most effective method still used against infectious agents. Although not always, vaccines ineffectiveness is reported enormously against many of the pathogens throughout the world in poultry, particularly in case of killed or sub unit vaccine. The current project is, therefore, carried out as a preliminary study on broiler chickens to investigate the modulation of immune system against avian influenza virus in association with purified Staphylococcus aureus toxoid. After isolation of Gram positive cocci bacteria on mannitol salt agar from raw milk, yogurt and chicken meat were subsequently biochemically characterized by using rapid diagnostic kit. Pure culture of S. aureus was inoculated into digitally controlled bio-fermentor containing mannitol salt broth for production of toxins. Enormous production of bacteria was passed through sequence of filtration system based on 0.45 μm followed by 0.22 μm size. The centrifugation of the filtrate was made at 10,000 rpm for 60 minutes at 5℃ followed by 56,100 rpm for 20 minutes and clear supernatant containing Staphylococcus enterotoxin (SEs) was obtained. Bradford estimation of proteins further provided 305 μg/ml of SEs toxoid. Four types of oil adjuvant avian influenza type H9N2 virus vaccines (without toxoid, 91.5 μg/0.3ml, 22.8 μg/0.3ml and 11.43 μg/0.3ml) were injected into healthy AI H9N2 susceptible broilers and anti-H9N2 HI antibody titers were measured in terms of hemagglutination inhibition test. It was observed that on the 8th day, post vaccination cumulative mean anti AIH9 HI antibody titer of G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4 and G-5 was 3.13 ± 0.406, 5.13 ± 0.246, 3.96 ± 0.159, 3.25 ± 0.237 and 0.78 ± 0.467 respectively. It was found that all the vaccines induced protective titers 18 days’ post vaccination, but vaccine containing 91.5 μg/dose of SEs toxoid showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) immune response as compared to vaccine containing 22.8 μg/dose and 11.43 μg/dose, whereas, vaccines containing SE

关键词： AIV H9N2 Staphylococcus aureus Toxoid Super Antigen Immunomodulation HI Assay

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Is economic fitness helpful in achieving environmental sustainability in BRICS economies?A risk exposure perspective

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2024年第2期22卷 109-117页

作者： Jabbar Ul-Haq Hubert Visas Muhlis Can Qazi Muhammad Adnan Hye noreen Aslam Department of Economics University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan School of International Trade&Economics University of International Business and EconomicsBeijing 100029China Middle East University Amman 11831Jordan Vishi Higher Institute DoualaCameroon BETA Akademi Social Sciences Research Lab(SSR Lab)Istanbul 34000Turkey Academic Research and Development Wing DubaiUnited Arab Emirates

A country’s ability to create complex goods and diversify its lines of products is essential for addressing all types of *** a country’s vulnerability to extreme climatic events,such as droughts,superstorms,and other natural disasters,and its capacity for successful adaption,is an essential global need that has been *** study examines the role of economic fitness(EF)in addressing climate change risk ex‐posure in BRICS countries in the context of the environmental Kuznets curve using panel data from 1995 to *** threshold methodology is employed to ascertain the nonlinear relationship between EF and climate change risk exposure(i.e.,Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative Country Index(ND-GAIN)).In addition,empirical associations were estimated using panel-corrected standard errors,Driscoll-Kraay standard errors,and feasible generalized least squares estimation *** findings demonstrated an inverted N shaped link between EF and ***,even after controlling for significant ND-GAIN influencing variables such as gross domestic product per capita,financial development,and urbanization,our robustness checks revealed significant and consistent findings.

关键词： Economic fitness Climate change BRICS countries Environmental Kuznets Curve Notre Dame Index

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Biofluidics Study in Digestive System with Thermal Conductivity of Shape Nanosize H2O＋Cu Nanoparticles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第4期12卷 656-663页

作者： noreen Sher Akbar DBS&H CEME National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

In the present article, peristaltic transport of copper nano fluid in a curved channel with complaint walls is studied. Shape effects of nanosize particles are discussed. The mathematical formulation encompasses momentum and heat conservation equations with appropriate boundary conditions for compliant wails. Sophisticated correlations are employed for thermal conductivity of the nanoparticles. The nonlinear boundary value problem is normalized with appropriate variables and closed-form solutions are derived for stream function, pressure gradient and temperature profile. A detailed study is performed for the influence of various nanoparticle geometries （bricks, cylinders and platelets）. With greater curvature value, pressure gradient is enhanced for various nanoparticle geometries. Temperature is dramatically modified with nanoparticle geometry and greater thermal conductivity is achieved with brick shaped nanoparticles in the fluid.

关键词： copper nanoparticles shape effects ofnanosize particles exact solutions curved channel wall properties peristalsis

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Peristaltic flow of Sisko fluid in a uniform inclined tube

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第5期26卷 675-683页

作者： Sohail Nadeem noreen Sher Akbar Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University 45320

We have analyzed an incompressible Sisko fluid through an axisymmetric uniform tube with a sinusoidal wave propagating down its walls. The present analysis of non- Newtonian fluid is investigated under the considerations of long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation. The analytic solution is obtained using （i） the regular perturbation method （ii） the Homotopy analysis method （HAM）. The comparison of both the solutions is presented graphically. The results for the pressure rise, frictional force and pressure gradient have been calculated numerically and the results are studied for various values of the physical parameters of interest, such as α （angle of inclination）, b^＊（Sisko fluid parameter）, Ф （amplitude ratio） and n （power law index）. Trapping phenomena is discussed at the end of the article.

关键词： Peristaltic flow Sisko fluid Perturbation method Homotopy analysis method

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Blood flow of Carreau fluid in a tapered artery with mixed convection

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2014年第6期7卷 147-166页

作者： noreen Sher Akbar DBSSJH CEMENational University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

This research is concerned with the mathematical modeling and analysis of blood flow in a tapered artery with stenosis. The analysis has been carried out in the presence of heat and mass transfer. Constitutive equation of Carreau fluid has been invoked in the mathematical formulation. The representation of blood flow is considered through an axially non-symmetrical but radially symmetric stenosis. Symmetry of the distribution of the wall, shearing stress and resistive impectartce and their growth with the developirtg stenosis is given due attention. Solutions have been obtained for the velocity, temperature, concentration, resistance impedance, wall shear stress and shearing stress at the stenosis throat. Graphical illustrations associated with the tapered arteries namely converging, diverging and non-tapered arteries are examined for different parameters of interest. Streamlines have been plotted and discussed.

关键词： Carreau fluid blood flow tapered artery mixed convection heat.

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Entropy generation analysis for the peristaltic flow of Cu-water nanofluid in a tube with viscous dissipation

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第1期29卷 135-143页

作者： noreen Sher Akbar Adil Wahid Butt DBS&H CEMENational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan DBS&H MCENational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

The purpose of the current investigation is to examine the influence of different physical parameters on the entropy gene- ration. The entropy generation number due to heat transfer and fluid friction is formulated. The velocity and temperature distributions across the tube are presented along with pressure attributes. Exact analytical solution for velocity and temperature profile is obtained. It is found that the entropy generation number attains high values in the region close to the walls of the tube, while it falls to low values near the center of the tube.

关键词： Entropy generation heat transfer nanofluid Cu-water uniform robe

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An analytical and numerical study of peristaltic transport of a Johnson-Segalman fluid in an endoscope

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第1期22卷 374-383页

作者： noreen Sher Akbar S. Nadeem DBS&H CEME National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University 45320 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

In the present study, we discuss the peristaltic flow of a Johnson-Segalman fluid in an endoscope. Perturbation, homotopy, and numerical solutions are found for the non-linear differential equation. The comparative study is also made to check the validity of the solutions. The expressions for pressure rise frictional forces, pressure gradient, and stream lines are presented to interpret the behavior of various physical quantities of the Johnson-Segalman fluid.

关键词： peristaltic pumping Johnson-Segalman fluid endoscope

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Metallic nanoparticles analysis for the blood flow in tapered stenosed arteries： Application in nanomedicines

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第1期9卷 29-46页

作者： noreen Sher Akbar DBSH CEME National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

Blood flow model is recycled to study the influence of magnetic field and nanoparticles in tapered stenosed arteries. The metallic nanoparticles for the blood flow with water as base fluid are not explored so far. The representation for the blood flow is through an axially non-symmetrical but radially symmetric stenosis. Symmetry of the distribution of the wall shearing stress and resistive impedance and their growth with the deve- loping stenosis is another important feature of our analysis. Exact solutions have been evaluated for velocity, resistance impedance, wall shear stress and shearing stress at the stenosis throat. The graphical results of different types of tapered arteries （i.e. conver- ging tapering, diverging tapering, non-tapered artery） have been examined for different parameters of interest for pure water and Copper water （Cu-water）.

关键词： Blood flow Cu-water nanofluid tapered arteries exact solution.

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Biomathematical analysis of carbon nanotubes due to ciliary motion

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2015年第2期8卷 161-171页

作者： noreen Sher Akbar DBS H CEME National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

In this paper, the consequences of cilia motion are reflected by the CNTs nanoparticles. The problem is expressed in a symmetric channel with ciliated walls. Exact solutions of the governing flow problem are obtained for pressure gradient, temperature and velocities of the fluid. Streamlines for the velocity profile are plotted to discuss the trapping phenomenon.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes ciliary motion symmetric channel.

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