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The effects of on-farm produced feeds on growth, survival, yield and feed cost of juvenile African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第1期5卷 58-64页

作者： samwel mchele limbu Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology University of Dar es SalaamP.O.Box 35064Dar es SalaamTanzania Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesShanghai200241China

The culture of African sharptooth catfish(Clarias gariepinus)in most developing countries lacks suitable diets for semi-intensive *** present study evaluated the growth performance,survival,nutrient utilization,hepatosomatic index(HSI),body composition,yield and feeding cost of African catfish fed on semi-intensive feeds 1(SMF1)and semi-intensive feed 2(SMF2)produced on-farm and an industrially manufactured(IM)feed as a *** hundred fish(14.95±0.24 g)were stocked in triplicate earthen ponds and fed the three diets at 5%of the body weight for eight *** final weight,specific growth rate and yield of fish fed the SMF2 diet was significantly lower than SMF1 and IM ***,no significant differences were revelead in final weight,specific growth rate and yield between fish fed SMF1 and IM *** survival rate,feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio of fish did not differ among the *** net protein utilization was significantly higher on fish fed the SMF2 and SMF1 diets than IM *** HSI of fish fed the IM diet was significantly higher and the livers were yellow-coloured compared to smaller and brownish/reddish livers of fish fed the SMF1 and SMF2 *** fish fed the IM diet had statistically lower ash content than SMF1 *** incidence cost of fish fed the IM diet was 35%higher,while its profit index was 31%lower than fish fed the SMF1 and SMF2 *** together,African catfish farmers can reduce feed cost up to 30%by using on-farm produced feeds when formulated properly and blended without affecting fish growth performance,survival and yield while obtaining better protein retention and healthier fish.

关键词： Feed cost African catfish Clarias gariepinus Profit index On-farm feeds Yellow livers

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Hybrids production as a potential method to control prolific breeding in tilapia and adaptation to aquaculture climate-induced drought

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第6期7卷 647-652页

作者： Kulwa Mtaki samwel mchele limbu Aviti John Mmochi Matern S.P.Mtolera Institute of Marine Sciences P.O.Box 668University of Dar es SalaamZanzibarTanzania Department of Aquaculture Technology School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries TechnologyUniversity of Dar es SalaamP.O.Box 60091Dar es SalaamTanzania East China Normal University Department of BiologySchool of Life SciencesLaboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health500 Dong Chuan Road200241ShanghaiChina

Establishing suitable salt tolerant all-male tilapia strains with fast growth rate is a crucial requirement for successful euryhaline farming required for controlling prolific breeding and as an adaptation to the effect of climateinduced *** study assessed the percentage of tilapia male hybrids,their growth performance and survival rate produced by crossing female Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)and male Rufiji tilapia(Oreochromis urolepis urolepis)at different *** fingerlings were reared for 70 days in triplicate concrete tanks(1 m3),each stocked with 15 fish weighing 1.62±0.03 g,1.69±0.02 g and 1.41±0.06 g exposed to 2,15 and 35 ppt salinities,*** was done by adding seawater to freshwater at a rate of 2 ppt per day for 18 *** sexing was done by visual assessment of the genital papilla followed by rearing the hybrids for six months to observe *** showed that,the cross between ***(female)and *** urolepis(male)produced hybrids that were all-males without any reproduction within six months post hybrid*** hybrids reared at a salinity of 2 ppt had higher growth performance than those reared at 15 and 35 ***,hybrids cultured at 15 ppt had significantly higher growth performance than those reared at 35 *** the hybrids produced had survival rates of 100%.This study indicated that,all-male tilapia produced by crossing between ***(female)and ***(male)can be used by fish farmers as alternative species for mariculture development to control prolific breeding and as an adaptation strategy to climate change.

关键词： Monosex culture Hybridization Mariculture All-male hybrids Aquaculture climate-induced drought

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Hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference between lipids and carbohydrates

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动物学研究(英文) 2023年第5期44卷 954-966页

作者： Qiang Ma Yuan Luo Jia Zhong samwel mchele limbu Ling-Yu Li Li-Qiao Chen Fang Qiao Mei-Ling Zhang Qiang Lin Zhen-Yu Du LANEH School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510301China School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology University of Dar es SalaamDar es Salaam 60091Tanzania

Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor in aquatic organisms,which varies among fish ***,the mechanisms underlying the ability of fish species to tolerate hypoxia are not well ***,we showed that hypoxia response in different fish species was affected by lipid catabolism and preference for lipid or carbohydrate energy *** of biochemical lipid catabolism through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha(Pparα)or increasing mitochondrial fat oxidation in tilapia decreased tolerance to acute hypoxia by increasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and reducing carbohydrate catabolism as an energy ***,lipid catabolism inhibition by suppressing entry of lipids into mitochondria in tilapia or individually knocking out three key genes of lipid catabolism in zebrafish increased tolerance to acute hypoxia by decreasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and promoting carbohydrate ***,anaerobic glycolysis suppression eliminated lipid catabolism inhibition-promoted hypoxia tolerance in adipose triglyceride lipase(atgl)mutant *** 14 fish species with different trophic levels and taxonomic status,the fish preferentially using lipids for energy were more intolerant to acute hypoxia than those preferentially using *** study shows that hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference for lipids or carbohydrates,which can be modified by regulating lipid catabolism.

关键词： Hypoxia tolerance Catabolic preference Lipid Carbohydrate Oxidative damage

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The Effect of Measuring Magnetic Susceptibility of Water Samples by Starting with Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (IRM) before Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization (ARM)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第6期6卷 614-618页

作者： Maureen Kapute Mzuza samwel mchele limbu State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai China Department of Lands Mzuzu University Mzuzu Malawi Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Biology School of Life Sciences Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health East China Normal University Shanghai China

Estimating magnetic properties of water samples by first measuring the Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization (ARM) before Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (IRM) is induced has been costly due to the discard of samples measured by staring with the latter before the former. However, no clear understanding exists on the effect of measuring magnetic properties values by first inducing IRM before ARM. This study explored the effect of measuring concentration related parameters (χlf, χfd and χARM), a mineral related parameter (S-300) and grain size parameters (χfd% and χARM/SIRM ratio) fromwater samples by starting with IRM before ARM. Forty three surface water samples were collected from the estuarine of Yangtze River (China) with the aim of measuring magnetic characteristics by starting with IRM before ARM. The results indicated that, measuring magnetic properties by either starting with ARM or IRM led to similar values for χlf, χfd, χfd%, χARM, S-300 and χARM/SIRM ratio (p > 0.05). These results imply that, measuring concentrationrelated parameters does not necessarily require measuring ARM first and then IRM. Researchers can start by measuring any parameter between ARM and IRM without affecting the final results of the water samples, but with proper demagnetization when started with IRM.

关键词： χfd χARM χARM/SIRM Ratio Water Samples Susceptibility Parameters

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Lipophagy is essential for lipid metabolism in fish

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Science Bulletin 2018年第14期63卷 879-882页

作者： Jing wang Si-Lan Han Ling-Yu Li Dong-Liang Lu samwel mchele limbu Dong-Liang Li Mei-Ling Zhang Zhen-Yu Du Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health(LANEH) School of Life SciencesEast China Normal University Shanghai 200241. China Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology University of Dar es SalaamDares Salaam Tanzania

Lipophagy is a form of autophagy in *** this cellular process,lipid droplets(LDs)are degraded through the lysosomal degradative pathway[1].During lipophagy,LDs sequestrated in autophagosomes are delivered to lysosomes,which fuse to form autophagosomes and then develop into autophagolysosomes,leading to LDs degradation of[1].A number of studies have demonstrated that lipophagy play important roles in lipid

关键词：类脂化合物新陈代谢鱼哺乳动物生物功能脊椎动物 ing LD

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High cholesterol intake remodels cholesterol turnover and energy homeostasis in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2023年第1期5卷 56-74页

作者： Rui-Xin Li Ling-Yun Chen samwel M.limbu Yu-Cheng Qian Wen-Hao Zhou Li-Qiao Chen Yuan Luo Fang Qiao Mei-Ling Zhang Zhen-Yu Du LANEH School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China Department of Aquaculture Technology School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries TechnologyUniversity of Dar es SalaamP.O.Box 60091Dar es SalaamTanzania

The roles of dietary cholesterol in fish physiology are currently *** issue reflects the limited studies on the metabolic consequences of cholesterol intake in *** present study investigated the metabolic responses to high cholesterol intake in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus),which were fed with four cholesterol-contained diets(0.8,1.6,2.4 and 3.2%)and a control diet for eight *** fish-fed cholesterol diets showed increased body weight,but accumulated cholesterol(the peak level was in the 1.6%cholesterol group).Then,we selected 1.6%cholesterol and control diets for further *** high cholesterol diet impaired liver function and reduced mitochondria number in ***,high cholesterol intake triggered protective adaptation via(1)inhibiting endogenous cholesterol synthesis,(2)elevating the expression of genes related to cholesterol esterification and efflux,and(3)promoting chenodeoxycholic acid synthesis and ***,high cholesterol intake reshaped the fish gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus *** Mycobacterium spp.,both of which are involved in cholesterol and/or bile acids ***,high cholesterol intake inhibited lipid catabolic activities through mitochondrialβ-oxidation,and lysosome-mediated lipophagy,and depressed insulin signaling *** catabolism was elevated as a compulsory response to maintain energy ***,although high cholesterol intake promoted growth,it led to metabolic disorders in *** the first time,this study provides evidence for the systemic metabolic response to high cholesterol intake in *** knowledge contributes to an understanding of the metabolic syndromes caused by high cholesterol intake or deposition in fish.

关键词： Cholesterol metabolism Metabolic response Energy metabolism Gut microbiome

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Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase improves carbohydrate utilization in Nile tilapia by regulating PDK2/4-PDHE1αaxis and insulin sensitivity

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 25-37页

作者： Yuan Luo Wenhao Zhou Ruixin Li samwel Mlimbu Fang Qiao Liqiao Chen Meiling Zhang Zhen-Yu Du LANEH School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China University of Dar Es Salaam Department of Aquaculture TechnologyDar Es Salaam 60091Tanzania UDSM-ECNU Joint Research Center for Aquaculture and Fish Biology(JRCAFB) Dar Es Salaam 60091Tanzania ECNU-UDSM Joint Research Center for Aquaculture and Fish Biology(JRCAFB) Shanghai 200241China

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases(PDKs)-pyruvate dehydrogenase E1αsubunit(PDHE1α)axis plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism in ***,the regulatory function of PDKsPDHE1α axis in the glucose metabolism of fish is not well *** study determined whether PDKs inhibition could enhance PDHE1αactivity,and improve glucose catabolism in *** tilapia fingerlings(1.90±0.11 g)were randomly divided into 4 treatments in triplicate(30 fish each)and fed control diet without dichloroacetate(DCA)(38% protein,7% lipid and 45% corn starch)and the control diet supplemented with DCA,which inhibits PDKs through binding the allosteric sites,at 3.75(DCA3.75),7.50(DCA7.50)and 11.25 g/kg(DCA11.25),for 6 *** results showed that DCA3.75,DCA7.50 and DCA11.25significantly increased weight gain,carcass ratio and protein efficiency ratio(P<0.05)and reduced feed efficiency(P<0.05)of Nile *** investigate the effects of DCA on growth performance of Nile tilapia,we selected the lowest dose DCA3.75 for subsequent *** tilapia fed on DCA3.75significantly reduced the mesenteric fat index,serum and liver triglyceride concentration and total lipid content in whole fish,and down-regulated the expressions of genes related to lipogenesis(P<0.05)compared to the *** DCA3.75 treatment significantly improved glucose oxidative catabolism and glycogen synthesis in the liver,but significantly reduced the conversion of glucose to lipid(P<0.05).Furthermore,the DCA3.75 treatment significantly decreased the PDK2/4 gene and protein expressions(P<0.05),accordingly stimulated PDHE1αactivity by decreasing the phosphorylated PDHE1αprotein *** addition,DCA3.75 treatment significantly increased the phosphorylated levels of key proteins involved in insulin signaling pathway and glycogen synthase kinase 3β(P<0.05).Taken together,the present study demonstrates that PDK2/4 inhibition by using DCA promotes glucose utilization in Nile tilapia by activating PDHE1αan

关键词： Dichloroacetate Glucose utilization Insulin sensitivity Nile tilapia PDK2/4-PDHE1αaxis

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