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设施作物蒸腾蒸发模型的研究现状及存在问题

排灌机械工程学报 2024年第1期42卷 57-63页

作者：李迷闫浩芳张川张建云王国庆 ACQUAH samuel Joe 江苏大学国家水泵及系统工程技术研究中心江苏镇江212013 南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室江苏南京210029 江苏大学农业工程学院江苏镇江212013

确定设施作物蒸腾蒸发量(ET_(c))对于准确制定设施作物灌溉制度、提高设施农业用水效率及设施蔬菜的产量和品质具有重要的意义.对确定设施作物ET_(c)的直接和间接模型进行优缺点及适用性分析,比较了不同类型参考界面蒸腾蒸发(ET_(0))模... 详细信息

确定设施作物蒸腾蒸发量(ET_(c))对于准确制定设施作物灌溉制度、提高设施农业用水效率及设施蔬菜的产量和品质具有重要的意义.对确定设施作物ET_(c)的直接和间接模型进行优缺点及适用性分析,比较了不同类型参考界面蒸腾蒸发(ET_(0))模型的优势与局限性,对比了直接估算温室作物ET_(c)机理模型的准确性,并对不同机理模型中关键参数(冠层阻力参数)的确定方法及主要影响因素进行综述与分析.已有研究主要针对特定气候区域、温室通风类型、作物种类及种植季节,对冠层阻力参数进行修正,并验证模型的准确性,对温室作物ET_(c)模型的普适性研究不够充分,确定的模型参数往往不适用于其他类型温室或作物种植季节.推荐今后重点研究方向:研究温室作物ET_(c)变化过程对气候因子分布特征及变化规律的响应机理;研究不同ET_(c)机理模型对气候类型、作物种类及种植季节的适应性,构建更具普适性的温室作物ET_(c)模型.

关键词：蒸腾蒸发模型温室种类通风气象数据作物种类

Correlation of Rainfall Anomalies in Rwanda from September to December (SOND) with Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Events

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 115-134页

作者： Frank Rusanganwa Ling Zhang Jonah Kazora Joseph Ndakize Sebaziga samuel Ekwacu College of Atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Rwanda Meteorology Agency (Meteo-Rwanda) Kigali Rwanda School of Science and Technology University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda Uganda National Meteorological Authority (UNMA) Kampala Uganda

Understanding the relationship between rainfall anomalies and large-scale systems is critical for driving adaptation and mitigation strategies in socioeconomic sectors. This study therefore aims primarily to investigate the correlation between rainfall anomalies in Rwanda during the months of September to December (SOND) with the occurrences of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The study is useful for early warning and forecasting of negative effects associated with extreme rainfall anomalies across the country, using Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis sea surface temperature and ERA5 reanalysis datasets, during the period of 1983-2021. Both empirical orthogonal function (EOF), correlation analysis and composite analysis were used to delineate variability, relationship and the related atmospheric circulation between Rwanda seasonal rainfall September to December (SOND) with Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The results for Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) for the reconstructed rainfall data set showed three modes. EOF-1, EOF-2 and EOF-3 with their total variance of 63.6%, 16.5% and 4.8%, Indian ocean dipole (IOD) events resulted to a strong positive correlation of rainfall anomalies and Dipole model index (DMI) (r = 0.42, p value = 0.001, DF = 37) significant at 95% confidence level. The composite analysis for the reanalysis dataset was carried out to show the circulation patterns during four different events correlated with September to December seasonal rainfall in Rwanda using T-test at 95% confidence level. Wind anomaly revealed that there was a convergence of south westerly winds and easterly wind over the study area during positive Indian Ocean Diploe (PIOD) and PIOD with El Nino concurrence event years. The finding of this study will cont

关键词： Correlation Rainfall Anomalies Rwanda Indian Ocean Dipole El Nino Southern Oscillation

Effects of Supplemental Glutamine and Lysine on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 101-122页

作者： Ali F. Alsogair Naif M. Alhawiti samuel N. Nahashon National Center for Wildlife Riyadh KSA California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory University of California Davis Davis USA Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture Tennessee State University Nashville Tennessee USA

The optimum levels of Lysine and Glutamine needed for growth performance and maintenance of the chicken broilers were evaluated in a randomized 3 × 4 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments. The battery cages measured 99 × 66 × 25 cm that can be sufficient for 5 birds. Day old Chicken broilers totaling 180 were assigned to dietary treatments comprising of 3 concentrations of Lysine (0.85, 1.14, and 1.42) each in combination with 4 concentrations of Glutamine (0, 1, 2, and 3). Each dietary treatment was replicated 3 times and each replication had 5 birds. The birds were given feed and water ad libitum with a 23-hour light regimen for a period of 4 weeks. Then, the experimental birds were evaluated for body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion in order to determine their optimum requirement for dietary Lysine and Glutamine. Based on the findings of this study, the highest performance was observed in birds fed the diet supplemented with 1.42 lysine and 1% glutamine, but the highest improvement in feed conversion was observed in diet contain 1.14 and 1.42 with 1% and 3% glutamine, respectively. Birds fed 1.42 lysine and 1% glutamine had the highest total body weight gain and feed consumption. The lysine requirements in the diet for Chicken are between 1.14 and 1.42 with glutamine level of 1%.

关键词： Broiler Chickens Lysine Glutamine Amino Acid Dietary Protein Essentials AAs Non-Essential Amino Acids

Assessing the Impact of Gold Mining on the Quality of Water Resources in the Commune of Meguet, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第4期16卷 281-292页

作者： Issoufou Ouedraogo samuel Lankoande Yacouba Konate Boukary Sawadogo Nicolas Kagambega Martin Lompo Higher School of Engineering (ESI) University of Fada N&#8217Gourma Fada N&#8217Gourma Burkina Faso Geosciences and Environment Laboratory (LaGE) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Water Hydro-Systems and Agriculture Laboratory (LEHSA) International Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Despite its often illegal nature, artisanal gold mining in Burkina Faso contributes to the economic and social development of the country. However, the rudimentary techniques used in gold panning have a significant impact on the environment due to inappropriate practices and the use of various chemical substances. This study aims to assess the impact of artisanal gold mining on the quality of water resources in a rural community at Méguet, Burkina Faso. To this end, surface and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed at the BUMIGEB laboratory. Field results show that the waters are slightly alkaline (6.97 kina Faso. Trace metals contamination of water resources in the commune of Méguet is mainly due to Fe (3.78 - 11.12 mg/kg), Hg (0.03 - 0.29 mg/kg), As (0.01- 6.31 mg/kg) and Pb (0.01 - 3.8 mg/kg). This study can serve as a basis for guiding national environmental policies to protect the water resources of the Méguet mine.

关键词： Gold Panning Water Quality Trace Metal Méguet Burkina Faso

Modelling the Survival of Western Honey Bee Apis mellifera and the African Stingless Bee Meliponula ferruginea Using Semiparametric Marginal Proportional Hazards Mixture Cure Model

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第1期12卷 24-39页

作者： Patience Isiaho Daisy Salifu samuel Mwalili Henri E. Z. Tonnang Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Data Management Modelling and Geo-Information Unit International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) Nairobi Kenya

Classical survival analysis assumes all subjects will experience the event of interest, but in some cases, a portion of the population may never encounter the event. These survival methods further assume independent survival times, which is not valid for honey bees, which live in nests. The study introduces a semi-parametric marginal proportional hazards mixture cure (PHMC) model with exchangeable correlation structure, using generalized estimating equations for survival data analysis. The model was tested on clustered right-censored bees survival data with a cured fraction, where two bee species were subjected to different entomopathogens to test the effect of the entomopathogens on the survival of the bee species. The Expectation-Solution algorithm is used to estimate the parameters. The study notes a weak positive association between cure statuses (ρ1=0.0007) and survival times for uncured bees (ρ2=0.0890), emphasizing their importance. The odds of being uncured for A. mellifera is higher than the odds for species M. ferruginea. The bee species, A. mellifera are more susceptible to entomopathogens icipe 7, icipe 20, and icipe 69. The Cox-Snell residuals show that the proposed semiparametric PH model generally fits the data well as compared to model that assume independent correlation structure. Thus, the semi parametric marginal proportional hazards mixture cure is parsimonious model for correlated bees survival data.

关键词： Mixture Cure Models Clustered Survival Data Correlation Structure Cox-Snell Residuals EM Algorithm Expectation-Solution Algorithm

Comparison of Semi-Parametric Shared Frailty Models for Bees’Survival

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第2期12卷 267-288页

Survival analysis is a fundamental tool in medical science for time-to-event data. However, its application to colony organisms like bees poses challenges due to their social nature. Traditional survival models may not accurately capture the interdependence among individuals within a colony. Frailty models, accounting for shared risks within groups, offer a promising alternative. This study evaluates the performance of semi-parametric shared frailty models (gamma, inverse normal, and positive stable-in comparison to the traditional Cox model using bees’ survival data). We examined the effect of misspecification of the frailty distribution on regression and heterogeneity parameters using simulation and concluded that the heterogeneity parameter was more sensitive to misspecification of the frailty distribution and choice of initial parameters (cluster size and true heterogeneity parameter) compared to the regression parameter. From the data, parameter estimates for covariates were close for the four models but slightly higher for the Cox model. The shared gamma frailty model provided a better fit to the data in comparison with the other models. Therefore, when focusing on regression parameters, the gamma frailty model is recommended. This research underscores the importance of tailored survival methodologies for accurately analyzing time-to-event data in social organisms.

关键词： Correlated Failure Times Frailty Survival Analysis Unobserved Heterogeneity

Investigation of Acoustomagnetoelectric Effect in Bandgap Graphene by the Boltzmann Transport Equation

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2024年第1期14卷 10-20页

作者： Raymond Edziah samuel S. Bentsiefi Kwadwo Dompreh Anthony Twum Emmanuel Kofi Amewode Patrick Mensah-Amoah Ebenezer T. Tatchie Cynthia Jebuni-Adanu samuel Y. Mensah Department of Physics University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Physics Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

We study the acoustomagnetoelectric (AME) effect in two-dimensional graphene with an energy bandgap using the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation within the hypersound regime, (where represents the acoustic wavenumber and is the mean free path of the electron). The Boltzmann transport equation and other relevant equations were solved analytically to obtain an expression for the AME current density, consisting of longitudinal and Hall components. Our numerical results indicate that both components of the AME current densities display oscillatory behaviour. Furthermore, geometric resonances and Weiss oscillations were each defined using the relationship between the current density and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) frequency and the inverse of the applied magnetic field, respectively. Our results show that the AME current density of bandgap graphene, which can be controlled to suit a particular electronic device application, is smaller than that of (gapless) graphene and is therefore, more suited for nanophotonic device applications.

关键词： Boltzmann Transport Equation Acoustomagnetoelctric Effect Surface Acoustic Wave Gapless Graphene Weiss Oscillations

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稳中向新,巴黎高定时装周中的思辨细节

艺术与设计 2024年第6期294卷 118-123页

作者：徐梦婷不详

为期四天的2024秋冬巴黎高定时装周于6月27日落下惟幕,27个品牌完成了作品发布。近年来,在全新的审美体系、科技工艺及评价标准下,设计师们对这个立于时装金字塔尖的传统体系发起挑战已不是新鲜事,然而这一进程如何在每季中谋求变化,成... 详细信息

为期四天的2024秋冬巴黎高定时装周于6月27日落下惟幕,27个品牌完成了作品发布。近年来,在全新的审美体系、科技工艺及评价标准下,设计师们对这个立于时装金字塔尖的传统体系发起挑战已不是新鲜事,然而这一进程如何在每季中谋求变化,成为我们关注的重点。

关键词：时装周审美体系金字塔尖评价标准巴黎

Atomic-scale strain analysis for advanced Si/SiGe heterostructure by using transmission electron microscopy

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Electron 2024年第2期2卷 29-52页

作者： Lan Li Ran Bi Zuoyuan Dong Changqing Ye Jing Xie Chaolun Wang Xiaomei Li kin-Leong Pey Ming Li Xing Wu School of Integrated Circuits East China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina School of Integrated Circuits Peking UniversityBeijingChina Engineering Product Development Pillar Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingaporeSingapore

Three-dimensional stacked transistors based on Si/SiGe heterojunction are a potential candidate for future low-power and high-performance computing in integrated *** and accurately measuring strain in Si/SiGe heterojunctions is critical to increasing carrier mobility and improving device *** electron microscopy(TEM)with high spatial resolution and analytical capabilities provides technical support for atomic-scale strain measurement and promotes significant progress in strain mapping *** paper reviews atomic-scale strain analysis for advanced Si/SiGe heterostructure based on TEM ***-beam electron diffraction,nano-beam electron diffraction,dark-field electron holography,and high-resolution TEM with geometrical phase analysis,are comprehensively discussed in terms of spatial resolution,strain precision,field of view,reference position,and data ***,the advantages and critical issues of these strain analysis methods based on the TEM technique are sum-marized,and the future direction of TEM techniques in the related areas is prospected.

关键词： GPA heterostructure Si/SiGe strain transmission electron microscopy