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Use of blood based biomarkers in the evaluation of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2015年第17期7卷 1233-1237页

作者： Edward L Barnes Choong-Chin Liew samuel chao Robert Burakoff Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand EndoscopyBrigham and Women’s Hospital Golden Health Diagnostics Inc. GeneNews

Despite significant improvements in our understanding of Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) in recent years, questions remain regarding the best approaches to assessment and management of these chronic diseases during periods of both relapse and remission. Various serologic biomarkers have been used in the evaluation of patients with both suspected and documented inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), and while each has potential utility in the assessment of patients with IBD, potential limitation remain with each method of assessment. Given these potential shortcomings, there has been increased interest in other means of evaluation of patients with IBD, including an expanding interest in the role of gene expression profiling. Among patients with IBD, gene expression profiles obtained from whole blood have been used to differentiate active from inactive CD, as well as to differentiate between CD, UC, and non-inflammatory diarrheal conditions. There are many opportunities for a non-invasive, blood based test to aid in the assessment of patients with IBD, particularly when considering more invasive means of evaluation including endoscopy with biopsy. Furthermore, as the emphasis on personalized medicine continues to increase, the potential ability of gene expression analysis to predict patient response to individual therapies offers great promise. While whole blood gene expression analysis may not completely replace more traditional means of evaluating patients with suspected or known IBD, it does offer significant potential to expand our knowledge of the underlying genes involved in the development of these diseases.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Gene

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我所经历的现代物理及体会(一)

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实验室研究与探索 2019年第4期38卷 1-4页

作者：丁肇中麻省理工学院

作者首先谈了实验与理论的关系及实验物理的重要性。接着结合自己的亲身经历介绍了测量电子半径实验、发现J粒子实验、发现胶子三喷注实验、L3实验、AMS实验5个著名的现代物理实验及自己对科学研究的体会。

关键词：物理实验自然科学电子 J粒子胶子 L3实验阿尔法磁谱仪

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Advances in immuno-oncology biomarkers for gastroesophageal cancer:programmed death ligand 1,microsatellite instability,and beyond

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第25期24卷 2686-2697页

作者： Emily M Lin Jun Gong samuel J Klempner Joseph chao Department of Internal Medicine Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90509United States Department of Medical Oncology and Developmental Therapeutics City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCA 91010United States The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute Los AngelesCA 90404United States samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

Blockade of the programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1) and programmed cell death 1(PD-1) receptor axis represents an effective form of cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical evidence initially suggested that gastric and gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) cancers are potentially immunotherapy-sensitive tumors. Early phase clinical trials have demonstrated promising antitumor activity with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in advanced or metastatic gastric/GEJ cancer. Microsatellite instability(MSI) and PD-L1 expression have been shown to predict higher response to PD-1 inhibitors as highlighted by the recent approvals of pembrolizumab in treatmentrefractory solid tumors with MSI status and the thirdline or greater treatment of PD-L1 positive advanced gastric/GEJ cancers. However, predictive and prognostic biomarkers remain an ongoing need. In this review, we detail the preclinical evidence and early tissue biomarker analyses illustrating potential predictive biomarkers to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in gastric/GEJ cancer. We also review the clinical development of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in gastric/GEJ cancer and highlight several areas in need of future investigation in order to optimize the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in gastric/GEJ cancer.

关键词： Immunotherapy programmed cell death 1 programmed death ligand 1 microsatellite instablility Gastric cancer

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Optimizing biliary outcomes in living donor liver transplantation:Evolution towards standardization in a high-volume center

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第4期19卷 324-327页

作者： Tsan-Shiun Lin Jeffrey samuel Co chao-Long Chen Aldwin D.Ong Liver Transplantation Center Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital123 Ta-Pei RoadNiao SungKaohsiung 833TaiwanChina

Biliary complications have always been a dreaded cause of morbidity after living donor liver *** intrinsic variations in both graft and recipient biliary anatomy remain a significant factor to the difficulty of biliary reconstruction,our institution has taken advantage of its high volume of cases to critically review and evaluate modifiable operative risk factors,in particular,our surgical *** present herein,the evolution of our reconstructive biliary technique from conventional methods to our current standard of microsurgical biliary reconstruction for both graft and recipient *** this period of transition,our center has created a classification system for biliary reconstruction that decreased the biliary complication rates from 40.0%to 10.2%.

关键词： Living donor liver transplantation Biliary reconstruction Microsurgical biliary reconstruction Biliary classification Biliary complications

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Review of laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)fabricated Ti-6Al-4V:process,post-process treatment,microstructure,and property

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2021年第3期2卷 56-75页

作者： Sheng Cao Yichao Zou chao Voon samuel Lim Xinhua Wu Department of Materials The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PLUK Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing Monash UniversityVIC 3800Australia Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityVIC 3800

Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is a timely important additive manufacturing technique that offers many opportunities for fabricating three-dimensional complex shaped components at a high resolution with short lead *** technique has been extensively employed in manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V parts for aerospace and biomedical ***,many challenges,including poor surface quality,porosity,anisotropy in microstructure and property,and difficulty in tailoring microstructure,still *** this paper,we review the recent progress in post-process treatment and its influence on the microstructure evolution and material performance,including tensile,fatigue,fracture toughness,creep,and corrosion *** contradictions in simultaneously achieving high strength/ductility and strength/fracture toughness/creep resistance have been ***,research gaps in understanding the effects of the emerging bi-modal microstructure on fatigue properties and fracture toughness require further investigation.

关键词： microstructure toughness creep

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Static coarsening behaviour of lamellar microstructure in selective laser melted Ti–6Al–4V

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第8期35卷 1578-1586页

作者： Sheng Cao Qiaodan Hu Aijun Huang Zhuoer Chen Ming Sun Jiahua Zhang Chenxi Fu Qingbo Jia chao Voon samuel Lim Rodney R.Boyer Yi Yang Xinhua Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093 China Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing (MCAM) Monash UniversityClayton VIC 3800 Australia School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University200240 Shanghai China

Static coarsening mechanism of selective laser melted(SLMed) Ti–6Al–4V with a lamellar microstructure was established at temperatures from 700℃ to 950℃. Microstructure evolution revealed that high heat treatment temperature facilitated martensite decomposition and promoted lamellae growth. At each temperature, the growth rate decreased with increasing holding time. The static coarsening behaviour of SLMed Ti–6Al–4V can be interpreted by Lifshitz, Slyozov, and Wagner(LSW) theory. The coarsening coefficient were 0.33, 0.33–0.4, 0.4–0.5 for 700–800℃, 900℃ and 950℃, respectively. This indicated the coarsening mechanism was bulk diffusion at 700–800℃, and a combination of bulk diffusion and interface reaction at 900℃ and 950℃ conditions.

关键词： Selective laser melting Ti–6Al–4V Microstructure Heat treatment

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Staged ligation of large portosystemic collaterals in living donor liver transplantation using a small-for-size graft

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第4期9卷 555-557页

作者： chao-Long Chen Chee-Chien Yong Jeffrey samuel Co Chih-Yi Chen Aldwin Ong Chih-Che Lin Yu-Fan Cheng Liver Transplantation Center Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung Diagnostic Radiology Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung

The success of using a partial graft for liver transplantation depends highly on portal venous flow as it is the primary determinant of graft *** collaterals(PSCs)are not uncommon,with an incidence reported to be as h... 详细信息

关键词： collateral graft donor

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Targeted co-delivery of daunorubicin and cytarabine based on the hyaluronic acid prodrug modified liposomes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第10期33卷 4600-4604页

作者： George Frimpong Boafo Yejiao Shi Qingqing Xiao Kosheli Thapar Magar Makhloufi Zoulikha Xuyang Xing chao Teng Emmanuel Brobbey Xiaotong Li Xiaohong Jiang Xiaochun Wang Yi Yang samuel Kesse Wei He Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200443China Department of Pharmaceutics School of PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China Institute of Translation Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women,and it was hard to prevent or diagnose at an early ***,it is imperative to develop advanced therapeutics for effective ***,a targeted daunorubicin(DNR)and cytarabine(ara-C)co-delivery system was developed by modifying the ara-C loaded liposomes(LIP-ara-C)with the hyaluronic acid-DNR(HA-DNR)*** co-assembled hybrid nanoparticles(HA-DNR/LIP-ara-C HNPs)exhibited good serum and storage stability with an average diameter of approximately 100 *** specifically binding to the CD44 receptors that overexpressed on cancer cells,these HNPs could be uptake via endocytosis and accumulate intracellularly,in which an optimized DNR and ara-C combination at a molar ratio of 1:5 could generate enhanced synergistic effects with reduced dose-related toxicity on cancer cells.

关键词： Breast cancer Daunorubicin Cytarabine Co-delivery Liposomes

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Medical training fails to prepare providers to care for patients with chronic hepatitis B infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第22期21卷 6914-6923页

作者： Stephanie D chao Bing-Mei Wang Ellen T Chang Li Ma samuel K So Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Asian Liver Center at Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto Asian Liver Center at Stanford University Stanford University School of Medicine Asian Liver Center at Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto Division of Epidemiology Department of Health Research and Policy Stanford University School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate physicians' knowledge including chronic hepatitis B(CHB) diagnosis, screening, and management in various stages of their ***: A voluntary 20-question survey was administered in Santa Clara County, CA where Asian and Pacific Islanders(API) account for a third of the population. Among the 219 physician participants,there were 63 interns, 60 second-year residents, 26 chief residents and 70 attending physicians. The survey asked questions regarding respondents' demographics,general hepatitis B virus knowledge questions(i.e.,transmission, prevalence, diagnostic testing, prevention,and treatment options), as well as, self-reported practice behavior and confidence in ***: Knowledge about screening and managing patients with CHB was poor: only 24% identified the correct tests to screen for CHB, 13% knew the next steps for patients testing positive for CHB, 18% knew the high prevalence rate among API, and 31% knew how to screen for liver cancer. Wald chi-square analysis determined the effect of training level on knowledge; in all cases except for knowledge of liver cancer screening(p = 0.0032), knowledge did not significantly increase with length in residency training or completion of ***: Even in a high-risk region, both medical school and residency training have not adequatelyprepared physicians in the screening and management of CHB.

关键词： Liver cancer Hepatitis B Asian PacificIslander Liver disease Health disparity

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Electron–phonon physics from first principles using the EPW code

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 707-732页

作者： Hyungjun Lee samuel Poncé Kyle Bushick Samad Hajinazar Jon Lafuente-Bartolome Joshua Leveillee chao Lian Jae-Mo Lihm Francesco Macheda Hitoshi Mori Hari Paudyal Weng Hong Sio Sabyasachi Tiwari Marios Zacharias Xiao Zhang Nicola Bonini Emmanouil Kioupakis Elena R.Margine Feliciano Giustino Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Physics The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUniversitécatholique de LouvainBE-1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Physics Applied Physics and AstronomyBinghamton University-SUNYBinghamtonNY 13902USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Physics King’s College LondonStrandLondon WC2R 2LSUK Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Graphene LabsVia Morego 30I-16163 GenovaItaly Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of MacaoMacaoSAR 999078P.R.China University of Rennes INSA RennesCNRSInstitut FOTON-UMR 6082F-35000 RennesFrance Department of Chemistry University at BuffaloBuffaloNY 14260USA

EPW is an open-source software for ab initio calculations of electron–phonon interactions and related materials *** code combines density functional perturbation theory and maximally localized Wannier functions to efficiently compute electron–phonon coupling matrix elements,and to perform predictive calculations of temperature-dependent properties and phonon-assisted quantum processes in bulk solids and low-dimensional ***,we report on significant developments in the code since 2016,namely:a transport module for the calculation of charge carrier mobility under electric and magnetic fields using the Boltzmann transport equation;a superconductivity module for calculations of phonon-mediated superconductors using the anisotropic multi-band Eliashberg theory;an optics module for calculations of phonon-assisted indirect transitions;a module for the calculation of small and large polarons without supercells;and a module for calculating band structure renormalization and temperature-dependent optical spectra using the special displacement *** each capability,we outline the methodology and implementation and provide example calculations.

关键词： phonon Electron solids

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