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Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the proto-Korean Peninsula along the East Asian continental margin from detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope geochemistry

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 97-117页

作者： Yirang Jang Sung Won Kim Vinod O.samuel Sanghoon Kwon Seung-Ik Park M.Santosh Keewook Yi Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Geology Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Department of Earth System Sciences Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Geology Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaide SA 5005Australia Yonsei Frontiers Lab Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Division of Earth and Environmental Sciences Korea Basic Science InstituteChungbuk 28119Republic of Korea

Detrital zircon geochronology and Hf isotope analysis can be used for inferring provenance characteristics,and to evaluate the tectonic evolution of sedimentary basins and their link with regional *** Paleozoic sequences of the Okcheon Belt consist of the Lower Paleozoic Joseon and the Upper Paleozoic Pyeongan supergroups with Middle Paleozoic hiatus locally on top of the neoproterozoic bimodal volcanic rocks,reflecting an intracontinental rift setting between the two basements(*** and Yeongnam massifs)at southern part of the Korean *** detrital zircon U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotope results show that all these Paleozoic strata commonly have Paleoproterozoic and Paleozoic zircon ages with rare Meso-to neoproterozoic *** individual zircon populations display following features,allowing estimation of their sedimentary provenances:(i)The Paleoproterozoic zircons(ca.1.85 Ga and 2.50 Ga)with similar ranges ofεHf(t)values are most common in the basement rocks of the Korean Peninsula,and were sourced from both the Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs.(ii)The Meso-to neoproterozoic zircons,preserved only in the Middle to Late cambrian clastic sedimentary rocks within the carbonate sequences probably reflect proximal provenance.(iii)The youngest Paleozoic zircons of each formation,almost coincident with their deposition ages,suggest presence of syndepositional magmatism,indicating proximal magmatic sources during their deposition.(iv)The cambrian-Ordovician zircons,from the Lower Paleozoic sequences,but rare in the successive Upper Paleozoic sequences,suggest a provenance change after the hiatus between the two sedimentary successions.(v)The Permian zircons showing differentεHf(t)values indicate that detrital sources were varied at that *** integrated results in our study suggest provenance variability linked to diverse tectonic environments,reflecting prolonged subduction-related crustal evolution of the proto-Korean Peninsula during the Paleozo

关键词： Detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks Okcheon Belt Taebaeksan zone Korean Peninsula

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用加密数据进行计算的芯片即将问世

科技纵览 2024年第1期 38-39,57页

作者： samuel K.Moore 不详

全同态加密可使数据无法破解。不要相信任何人。这可不是惊悚片里的台词,它正在成为计算机安全的目标,实现这一目标的技术也已经出现。它被称为全同态加密(FHE),允许软件对加密数据进行计算,而无需解密数据。

关键词：计算机安全全同态加密加密数据解密

Determination of Timer Error and Evaluation of Its Effect on Dose for OB6, GammaBeam X200 and X-Ray Irradiators at the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory in nigeria

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World Journal of nuclear Science and Technology 2024年第2期14卷 118-130页

作者： Olumide Olaife Akerele samuel Mofolorunsho Oyeyemi David Olakanmi Olaniyi Francis Adole Agada Bamidele Musbau Adeniran Latifat Ronke Owoade national Institute of Radiation Protection and Research University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Timer error as well as its convention is very important for dose accuracy during irradiation. This paper determines the timer error of irradiators at Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (SSDL) in nigeria. The irradiators are cs-137 OB6 irradiator and X-ray irradiators at the Protection level SSDL;and co-60 irradiator at the Therapy level SSDL. PTW UnIDOS electrometer and LS01 Ionization chamber were used at the Protection level to obtain doses for both cs-137 OB6 and X-ray irradiators while an IBA farmer type ionization chamber and an IBA DOSE 1 electrometer were used at the Protection level SSDL. Single/multiple exposure method and graphical method were used in the determination of the timer error for the three irradiators. The timer error obtained for cs-137 OB6 irradiator was 0.48 ± 0.01 s, the timer error for the X-ray irradiator was 0.09 ± 0.01 s while the timer error obtained for GammaBeam X200 was 1.21 ± 0.04 s. It was observed that the timer error is not affected by source to detector distance. It was also observed that the timer error of co-60 Gamma X200 irradiator is increasing with the age of the machine. Source to detector distance and field size do not contribute towards the timer error of the irradiators. The timer error of the co-60 Gamma X200 irradiator (the only irradiator among the irradiators with a pneumatic system) increases with the age of the irradiator.

关键词： Timer Error Irradiation SSDL Irradiators Dose Accuracy

Multi-Model communication and Data Assimilation for Mitigating Model Error and Improving Forecasts

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chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2019年第5期40卷 689-720页

作者： Yian cHEn samuel n.STEcHMAnn Department of Mathematics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Statistics University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Mathematics and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Models for weather and climate prediction are complex, and each model typically has at least a small number of phenomena that are poorly represented, such as perhaps the Madden-Julian Oscillation(MJO for short) or El nino-Southern Oscillation(EnSO for short) or sea ice. Furthermore, it is often a very challenging task to modify and improve a complex model without creating new deficiencies. On the other hand, it is sometimes possible to design a low-dimensional model for a particular phenomenon, such as the MJO or EnSO, with significant skill, although the model may not represent the dynamics of the full weather-climate system. Here a strategy is proposed to mitigate these model errors by taking advantage of each model’s strengths. The strategy involves inter-model data assimilation, during a forecast simulation, whereby models can exchange information in order to obtain more faithful representations of the full weather-climate system. As an initial investigation, the method is examined here using a simplified scenario of linear models, involving a system of stochastic partial differential equations(SPDEs for short)as an imperfect tropical climate model and stochastic differential equations(SDEs for short) as a low-dimensional model for the MJO. It is shown that the MJO prediction skill of the imperfect climate model can be enhanced to equal the predictive skill of the lowdimensional model. Such an approach could provide a route to improving global model forecasts in a minimally invasive way, with modifications to the prediction system but without modifying the complex global physical model itself.

关键词： MJO Multi-Model communication Data assimilation Kalman filter algorithm

Surgical Treatment of nephroblastoma in a 4-Year Male child: A case Report and Literature Review

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case Reports in clinical Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 43-51页

作者： Alexander Kofi Egote samuel Kolonziah Blay constance Amuzuah Egote cardinal Kofi newton Albert Afriyie Akowuah Emmanuel nana Bosoma Urology Unit Sunyani Teaching Hospital Sunyani Ghana

Herein we report a patient with nephroblastoma which was successfully removed at the Sunyani Teaching Hospital cJ Oppong theatre in Ghana in sub-Saharan Africa by extended below umbilical incision. Our patient had a family history of Wilms tumour predisposing him to the disease. His main symptoms were haematuria and abdominal mass which was noticed later. Examination and investigation were suggestive of a late-stage unilateral nephroblastoma resulting in the need for nephrectomy. To reduce the need for such radical surgeries among children at an early stage, there is the need for early screening of children for Wilms tumours especially, those with family predisposition as in our case study. The case report presented here constitutes a rare case of nephroblastoma in the literature.

关键词： nephroblastoma Wilms Tumour nephrectomy Screening

Identifying Malaria Hotspots Regions in Ghana Using Bayesian Spatial and Spatiotemporal Models

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第2期4卷 69-78页

作者： Abdul-Karim Iddrisu Dominic Otoo Gordon Hinneh Yakubu Dekongmene Kanyiri Kanimam Yaaba samuel cecilia Kubio Francis Balungnaa Dhari Veriegh Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana Department of Statistical Service Ghana Statistical ServiceBono RegionSunyani 233Ghana Department of Mathematics and IcT Gambaga College of EducationSunyani 233Ghana Human Resources Division University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana Department of Biological Science University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana.

Background:Malaria remains a significant public health concern in Ghana,with varying risk levels across different geographical *** affects millions of people each year and imposes a substantial burden on the health care system and *** risk estimation and mapping are crucial for effectively allocating resources and implementing targeted interventions to identify regions with disease *** study aimed to identify regions exhibiting elevated malaria risk so that public health interventions can be implemented,and to identify malaria risk predictors that can be controlled as part of public health interventions for malaria ***:The data on laboratory-confirmed malaria cases from 2015 to 2021 were obtained from the Ghana Health Service and Ghana Statistical *** studied the spatial and spatiotemporal patterns of the relative risk of malaria using Bayesian spatial and spatiotemporal *** malaria risk for each region was mapped to visually identify regions with malaria *** and heterogeneity of disease risks were established using correlated and uncorrelated structures via the conditional autoregressive and Gaussian models,*** estimates from the marginal posterior distribution were estimated within the Integrated nested Laplace Approximation using the R ***:The spatial model indicated an increased risk of malaria in the north East,Bono East,Ahafo,central,Upper West,Brong Ahafo,Ashanti,and Eastern *** spatiotemporal model results highlighted an elevated malaria risk in the north East,Upper West,Upper East,Savannah,Bono East,central,Bono,and Ahafo *** spatial and spatiotemporal models identified the north East,Upper West,Bono East,central,and Ahafo Regions as hotspots for malaria *** variations in risk were evident across regions(H=104.9,Pclimatic and economic factors influenced malaria infection,statistical significance was not

关键词： Malaria Disease hotspot Bayesian modeling conditional auto-regressive Integrated nested Laplace Approximation Spatial and spatiotemporal models

Exploring the Pathways of leprosy Patients from Their communities to a Diagnosis in the Districts of Mayuge, Yumbe and Kasese-Uganda

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 346-373页

作者： Rose Kengonzi Stavia Turyahabwe samuel Orach Lisa Gerwing-Adima Ronald W. nyote Vincent Kamara Kabugho Faith consolata Mpambara national Tuberculosis and leprosy Program Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala Uganda Health Department Uganda Catholic Medical Bureau Kampala Uganda German leprosy and Tuberculosis Relief Association Kampala Uganda national Tuberculosis and leprosy Program Kampala Uganda

Background: leprosy is known to cause disability that leads to severe outcomes like stigma, discrimination, mental health problems and participation restriction. Furthermore, in cases of infectious leprosy, longer delays increase the risk for the spread of the disease. Despite being preventable and curable, a significant proportion of new leprosy patients (39%) in 2019 had grade 2 (Described as Visible disability) at the time of diagnosis signifying late presentation. The aim of this study was to describe patient journeys from first symptoms suggestive of leprosy to a diagnosis and individual and community level factors associated with health seeking behavior of leprosy patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional explorative study implemented in Kasese, Mayuge and Yumbe districts .A structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. Qualitative assessment included patients, family members, health workers, voluntary health teams and the district health team. Descriptive statistics were presented in terms of percentages, frequency tables, pie charts and graphs for easy interpretation and discussion. Results: The results indicate that 53% of the respondents identified as female. The median age of the respondents being 34 years, with a range of 1 to 76 years (Mean: 44.7, Mode: 65, Standard-Deviation: 19.6, Kurtosis: 0.6). The most common first symptom noticed by respondents was skin lesions (65%) followed by deformities (18%) (P value = 0.05%) occurring mostly in the feet (P-value = 0.48). Majority (52%) of the patients had taken more than 24 months (SD 18.72 OR 2.75) for a diagnosis to be made with a maximum delay of over 60 months. The most common cause of delay in seeking health care was lack of knowledge on leprosy (P value=conclusions: There was a delay of 2 years in seeking health care for the majority of the patients. Key barriers to early diagnosis were lack of knowledge and infrastructure. community sensitization and strengthening capacity buildi

关键词： leprosy Patient Pathway Skin lesions Disability Discrimination Delayed Diagnosis

catalytically altering the redox pathway of sulfur in propylene carbonate electrolyte using dual-nitrogen/oxygen-containing carbon

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chinese Journal of catalysis 2024年第8期63卷 224-233页

作者： Linghui Yu Heng Zhang Luyuan Paul Wang samuel Jun Hoong Ong Shibo Xi Bo chen Rui Guo Ting Wang Yonghua Du Wei chen Ovadia lev Zhichuan J.Xu School of chemistry and chemical Engineering Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200HubeiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers&Eco-Dyeing&Finishing Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200HubeiChina Institute of Sustainability for chemicals Energy and Environment(ISCE2)Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research in Singapore(A*STAR)1 Pesek RoadJurong Island 627833Singapore Department of chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore college of the Environment&Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102FujianChina national Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA The Institute of chemistry The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 9190401Israel Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise NEW-CREATE Phase IICampus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE)Singapore138602Singapore Energy Research Institute@nTU ERI@NInterdisciplinary Graduate SchoolNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

carbonate electrolytes are one of the most desirable electrolytes for high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)because of their successful implementation in commercial Li-ion *** low-polysulfide-solubility feature of some carbonate solvents also makes them very promising for overcoming the shuttle effects of ***,regular sulfur electrodes experience undesired electrochemical mechanisms in carbonate electrolytes due to side *** this study,we report a catalytic redox mechanism of sulfur in propylene carbonate(Pc)electrolyte based on a compari-son *** catalytic mechanism is characterized by the interactions between polysulfides and dual n/O functional groups on the host carbon,which largely prevents side reactions between pol-ysulfides and the carbonate *** a mechanism coupled with the low-polysulfide-solubility feature leads to stable cycling of LSBs in Pc *** dual n/O functional groups are identified via a density functional theory *** work provides an alternative route for enabling LSBs in carbonate electrolytes.

关键词： Energy storage Lithium-sulfur battery catalytic redox reaction Porous carbon carbonate electrolyte

Laparoscopic management of remnant gall bladder with stones: lessons from a tertiary care centre's experience

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 27-33页

作者： Gilbert samuel Jebakumar Jeevanandham Muthiah Loganathan Jayapal R.Santhosh Kumar Siddhesh Tasgaonkar K.S.Santhosh Anand J.K.A.Jameel Sudeepta Kumar Swain K.J.Raghunath Prasanna Kumar Reddy Tirupporur Govindaswamy Balachandar Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India Department of General Surgery Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India Department of Minimal Access Surgery Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India

Objective:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently the gold standard for treating symptomatic gallstone *** its success,approximately 10%of patients may experience persistent biliary symptoms,leading to the post-cholecystectomy syndrome.A remnant gallbladder with cystic duct or bile duct stones is one of the causes of this *** objective of this study was to shed light on the clinical manifestations,evaluation,therapeutic strategies,and outcomes associated with laparoscopic management of symptomatic remnant ***:This was a retrospective study,conducted over a five-year period(January 2017 to December 2022)at Apollo Hospitals in South *** patients who underwent laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for a remnant gall bladder were *** following data were collected:patient demographics,symptoms,preoperative investigations,intraoperative details and post operative ***:In total,36 patients were included and *** majority of patients were male(25,69.4%),with a mean age of 50.7±12.1 *** most common presentation was pain in the upper abdomen or right upper quadrant region(24,66.7%).The laparoscopic approach was attempted in all patients,with a success rate of 94.4%.Two patients required conversion to open *** fistula to the colon was observed in one *** was observed in 7 patients(19.4%),and stone clearance was successfully achieved using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in all patients ***:Incomplete gall bladder removal either intentionally or unintentionally leaves a remnant gall bladder that is at risk for stone formation and *** who have this clinical entity with symptoms require a redo or complete cholecystectomy,a complex procedure associated with certain *** study highlights the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for the management of remnant gallbladder

关键词： Remnant gall bladder Stump cholecystitis Subtotal cholecystectomy Laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy