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Cost effectiveness of nonpharmacological prevention programs for diabetes:A systematic review of trial-based studies

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 12-21页

作者： yongyi Xiong Zhaohua Huo samuel y.S.wong Benjamin H.K.yip Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina

Trial-based economic value of prevention programs for diabetes is *** aimed to review the cost-effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions to prevent type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)for high-risk *** electronic databases were searched up to March *** assessing both the cost and health outcomes of nonpharmacological interventions for people at high-risk of T2DM were *** quality of the study was assessed by the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 *** primary outcome for synthesis was incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICER)for quality-adjusted life years(QALys),and costs were standardized in 2022 US *** synthesis was performed,considering different types and delivery methods of *** studies included five based on the US diabetes prevention program(DPP),six on non-DPP-based lifestyle interventions,four on health education,and one on screening plus lifestyle *** with usual care,lifestyle interventions showed higher potential of cost-effectiveness than educational *** lifestyle interventions,DPP-based programs were less cost-effective(median of ICERs:$27,077/QALy)than non-DPP-based programs(median of ICERs:$1395/QALy)from healthcare perspectives,but with larger decreases in diabetes ***,the cost-effectiveness of interventions was more possibly realized through the combination of different delivery *** interventions to prevent T2DM in high-risk populations are both cost-effective and feasible in various ***,economic evidence from low-and middle-income countries is still lacking,and interventions delivered by trained laypersons and combined with peer support sessions or mobile technologies could be potentially a cost-effective solution in such settings with limited resources.

关键词： economic evaluation nonpharmacological interventions pre-diabetes prevention

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A meta-regression evaluating the effectiveness and prognostic factors of oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 60-65页

作者： Jin-Qiu yuan Chen Mao Zu-yao yang Xiao-Hong Fu samuel y wong Jin-Ling Tang Division of Epidemiology School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hang Kong Hang Kong China Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis Shenzhen Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hang Kong Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Community and Family Medicine The Chinese University of Hang Kong Hang Kong China

The effectiveness of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors （PDE5-1s） for erectile dysfunction （ED） varies considerably among trials, but available studies investigating the factors that affect the effectiveness are few and findings are not consistent. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE to identify randomized controlled trials comparing PDE5-1s with placebo for the treatment of ED. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration＇s tool for assessing risk of bias. The associations between prespecified study-level factors and effectiveness were tested by a random effects meta-regression model. This study included 93 trials with 26 139 patients. When all PDE5-1s were grouped together, Caucasian ethnicity was associated with 15.636% （95% confidence interval [CI]： 0.858% to 32.579%） increase in risk ratio （RR） for Global Assessment Questionnaire question-1 （GAQ-1）, and 1.473 （95% CI： 0.406 to 2.338） score increase in mean difference （MD） for posttreatment International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain score （IIEF-EF）, compared to Asian ethnicity. A one-score increase in baseline IIEF-EF was associated with -5.635% （95% CI： -9.120% to -2.017%） reduction in RR for GAQ-1, and -0.229 （95% CI： -0.425 to -0.042） score decrease in MD for posttreatment IIEF-EF. In conclusion, PDE5-1s are more effective in Caucasians than Asians, and in patients with more severe ED.

关键词： erectile dysfunction meta-regression phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors systematic review

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Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert James B.Barnett Isaac y.Ligocki Matthew G.Salena Marian y.L.wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

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Flame Synthesis of Zr/ZSM-5 Catalysts with Tunable Acidity for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propene

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 268-283页

作者： DANIEL samuel FONZEU MONGUEN Cedric Karel WU Lingnan TIAN Zhenyu Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Tuning the surface acidity of ZSM-5 catalyst is essential to achieve desired propene selectivity and *** several ratios of Zr were utilized to modify ZSM-5 via flame spray pyrolysis technique coupled with a pulse spray evaporation *** interaction between Zr and ZSM-5 in the flame influenced the physicochemical and acidity properties of the Zr/*** increasing Zr ratio in ZSM-5 shows coated layers of irregular nano-sized Zr with an increase in crystallite sizes due to the synergetic effect between Zr and *** surface chemical analysis revealed increased lattice oxygen on the Zr modified ZSM-5(1:4) sample compared to other *** acidity analysis revealed the Lewis and Br?nsted acid distribution in the weak and medium acid sites on the catalyst ***,the increase in Zr loading decreased the concentration of Br?nsted acid sites and tuned the catalyst surface to more Lewis acidity,promoting propene selectivity and hindering the over-oxidation of *** modified ZSM-5 catalysts were examined in a fixed bed reactor within 300℃-700℃ at a gas hourly space velocity(GHSV) of 6000 mL·g(catalysts)^(-1)·h^(-1) for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane(ODHP) to *** the catalysts,Zr/ZSM-5(1:4) exhibited the best propene yield, with 57.19% propane conversion and 75.54% selectivity to propene and the highest *** work provides a promising strategy for tuning the surface acidity of ZSM-5 with Zr for ODHP applications.

关键词： flame synthesis Zr modified ZSM-5 catalyst ODHP surface acidity lattice oxygen

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.wong Leo C.H.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.wong Issan y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

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Statin, aspirin and metformin use and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma related outcomes following liver transplantation: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 120-131页

作者： William Chung Kevin wong Noel Ravindranayagam Lauren Tang Josephine Grace Darren wong Danny Con Marie Sinclair Avik Majumdar Numan Kutaiba samuel Hui Paul Gow Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Alexander Dobrovic Adam Testro Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Victorian Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Radiology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Monash HealthClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneAustin HealthHeidelberg 3048VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery Beacon LaboratoryAustin PrecinctThe University of MelbourneAustin HospitalHeidelberg 3048VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is a potentially curative therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC-recurrence following LT is associated with reduced *** is increasing interest in chemoprophylaxis to improve HCC-related outcomes *** To investigate whether there is any benefit for the use of drugs with proposed chemoprophylactic properties against HCC,and patient outcomes following *** This was a retrospective study of adult patients who received Deceased Donor LT for HCC from 2005-2022,from a single Australian *** use was defined as statin,aspirin or metformin therapy for≥29 days,within 24 months post-LT.A cox proportional-hazards model with time-dependent covariates was used for survival *** measures were the composite-endpoint of HCC-recurrence and all-cause mortality,HCC-recurrence and HCC-related *** analysis was performed to account for immortality time bias and statin *** Three hundred and five patients were included in this study,with 253(82.95%)males with a median age of 58.90 *** of liver disease were 150(49.18%)hepatitis C,73(23.93%)hepatitis B(HBV)and 33(10.82%)non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).56(18.36%)took statins,51(16.72%)aspirin and 50(16.39%)*** a median follow-up time of 59.90 months,34(11.15%)developed HCC-recurrence,48(15.74%)died,17(5.57%)from HCC-related ***,aspirin or metformin use was not associated with statistically significant differences in the composite endpoint of HCC-recurrence or all-cause mortality[hazard ratio(HR):1.16,95%CI:0.58-2.30;HR:1.21,95%CI:0.28-5.27;HR:0.61,95%CI:0.27-1.36],HCC-recurrence(HR:0.52,95%CI:0.20-1.35;HR:0.51,95%CI:0.14-1.93;HR 1.00,95%CI:0.37-2.72),or HCC-related mortality(HR:0.32,95%CI:0.033-3.09;HR:0.71,95%CI:0.14-3.73;HR:1.57,95%CI:0.61-4.04)*** dosing was not associated with statist-ically significant differences in HCC-related ***

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Transplant oncology Statins HMG-Co-A reductase Aspirin Metformin Mammalian target of rapamycin

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Experimental evaluation of a“U”type earth-to-air heat exchanger planned for narrow installation space in warm climatic conditions

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第5期5卷 772-786页

作者： Ricardo Molina-Rodea Jorge Alejandro wong-Loya Hugo Pocasangre-Chávez Jennifer Reyna-Guillén Institute of Renewable Energies National Autonomous University of MexicoTemixcoMorelosMexico

The thermal performance of a“U”type earth-to-air heat exchanger is presented in this experimental *** device has a serial-connected vertical *** wells where tubes were installed have a depth of fewer than 3 m and are separated every 1.5 m,using an installation area of *** experimentation was carried out in March in Morelos,Mexico when the environmental temperature reaches 35℃ during the *** performance of the device was measured and compared to the requirements of an office for cooling purposes within a university campus to reproduce the space restrictions found in urbanized *** using a small land surface,it is feasible for urbanized *** air temperature inside the“U”type earth-to-air heat exchanger,the surrounding soil temperature,the airspeed,and the power consumed by the fan were *** air temperature and the fan’s power consumption data were obtained by modifying the airspeed in four constant values,from 1.3 m/s to 6.6 m/*** show that the device evaluated in this work has adequate thermal performance for cooling purposes compared to the requirements of an office.A decrease in air temperature was recorded in a range of 5.1℃ to 9.4℃.Over 70%of the total temperature difference was reached in the first well,where the average soil thermal disturbance at 5 cm was 2.8℃.The device achieved a maximum COP of 12.8 and a maximum effectiveness of 88.4%.With these results,it is concluded that the system is suitable for cooling purposes in areas with space *** work is novel since the dimensions available for installation in urbanized areas are considered and compared with the thermal requirements of an *** addition to the fact that there are no published works with vertical heat exchangers connected in series.

关键词： Low temperature geothermal energy Thermal performance Vertical heat exchangers Space restrictions in urbanized areas Geothermal direct uses

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加拿大维多利亚华人谭公信俗与文化身份认同

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文化遗产 2024年第1期 137-143,F0002,I0001,I0002页

作者：黄韧陈曦广州南方学院公共管理学院广东广州510970 武汉商学院通识教育研究中心湖北武汉430056

作为第一座加拿大华人庙宇,维市谭公庙经历了客家先民迁徙至此租木屋供谭公神像、买土地建谭公庙宇、遭遇排华火烧庙宇到搬驻人和会馆形成顶楼“人和庙”至今香火绵延的过程。一方面表现出加拿大客家人艰苦卓绝的异乡迁徙史和奋斗史,另... 详细信息

作为第一座加拿大华人庙宇,维市谭公庙经历了客家先民迁徙至此租木屋供谭公神像、买土地建谭公庙宇、遭遇排华火烧庙宇到搬驻人和会馆形成顶楼“人和庙”至今香火绵延的过程。一方面表现出加拿大客家人艰苦卓绝的异乡迁徙史和奋斗史,另一方面反映出客家人民间信俗特征及其海外移动的在地重构。谭公庙作为加拿大客家人营造的第一个神圣空间,它既是亲缘、地缘和神缘纽带,表现着加拿大客家人的族群身份认同;同时,又通过异国地方化的世代参与,共同打造出与家乡类似的神-人-物与地方的交叠互动场域。通感、仪式传承、文化记忆以及当下参与感又重构出“他乡犹吾境”的地方感,从中可窥见加拿大客家人历史性与当下性的生活图景和精神世界。

关键词：谭公信俗加拿大客家跨地方性地方感视觉体验

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Investigation of Acoustomagnetoelectric Effect in Bandgap Graphene by the Boltzmann Transport Equation

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2024年第1期14卷 10-20页

作者： Raymond Edziah samuel S. Bentsiefi Kwadwo Dompreh Anthony Twum Emmanuel Kofi Amewode Patrick Mensah-Amoah Ebenezer T. Tatchie Cynthia Jebuni-Adanu samuel y. Mensah Department of Physics University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Physics Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

We study the acoustomagnetoelectric (AME) effect in two-dimensional graphene with an energy bandgap using the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation within the hypersound regime, (where represents the acoustic wavenumber and is the mean free path of the electron). The Boltzmann transport equation and other relevant equations were solved analytically to obtain an expression for the AME current density, consisting of longitudinal and Hall components. Our numerical results indicate that both components of the AME current densities display oscillatory behaviour. Furthermore, geometric resonances and Weiss oscillations were each defined using the relationship between the current density and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) frequency and the inverse of the applied magnetic field, respectively. Our results show that the AME current density of bandgap graphene, which can be controlled to suit a particular electronic device application, is smaller than that of (gapless) graphene and is therefore, more suited for nanophotonic device applications.

关键词： Boltzmann Transport Equation Acoustomagnetoelctric Effect Surface Acoustic Wave Gapless Graphene Weiss Oscillations

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Chemical biology investigation of a triple-action,smart-decomposition antimicrobial booster based-combination therapy against“ESKAPE”pathogens

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3071-3082页

作者： Min Wang Huangsheng Pu yangfan Xu Chenxuan Wu yuanxin Gu Qingyun Cai Guoxing yin Peng yin Chunhui Zhang Wing-Leung wong Muyang Wan yugang Bai Xinxin Feng State Key Laboratory of Chem-/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biologyand School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Biology Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies&Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SAR 999077China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Resistance Microbial Drugs The Third Hospital of Changsha(The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan University)Changsha 410015China

The global antibiotic resistance crisis necessitates urgent *** innovative approach involves potentiating antibiotics and non-antibiotic drugs with adjuvants or boosters.A major drawback of these membrane-active boosters is their limited biocompatibility,as they struggle to differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic *** study reports the chemical biology investigation of a dual-action oligoamidine(OA1)booster with a glutathione-triggered decomposition ***1,when combined with other antimicrobial molecules,exhibits a triple-targeting mechanism including cell membrane disruption,DNA targeting,and intracellular enzyme *** multi-targeting mechanism not only enhances the in vitro and in vivo eradication of antibiotic-resistant“ESKAPE”pathogens,but also suppresses the development of bacterial ***,OA1 maintains its activity in bacterial cells by creating an oxidative environment,while it quickly decomposes in mammalian cells due to high glutathione *** mechanistic insights and design principles may provide a feasible approach to develop novel antimicrobial agents and effective anti-resistance combination therapies.

关键词： antimicrobial booster oligoamidine membrane disruption DNA targeting triggered degradation anti-resistance

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