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Leadership and Top Management Influence on Total Quality Management Implementation in the Ghanaian Construction Industry

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2024年第2期12卷 37-51页

作者： Ansah samuel Kwame Tekpe Emmanuel Ametepey Simon Ofori Department of Construction Technology and Management Cape Coast Technical University Cape Coast Ghana Department of Building Technology Koforidua Technical University Koforidua Ghana

This study aims to determine the key and underlying Leadership and Top Management (LTM) factors that have a significant impact on sustaining the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) within the construction industry in Ghana. The research methodology employed in this study was a quantitative technique. Questionnaires were distributed to 641 participants within construction industry in Ghana. Questionnaires retrieved for the analysis were 536. Three steps approached were used for the data analysis. These include Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. After conducting the EFA and CFA, SEM was also used to analyze the construct validity. The SEM analysis helps to determine four key indicator variables for the leadership and top management construct. These include Leadership/Top Management approach to employees’ management, Leadership/Top Management understanding of TQM, Leadership/Top Management empowerment of employees to resolve quality issues, and Leadership/Top Management endorsement of TQM. All the four indicator variables were found to be good of fit and closely associated with the dependent variable. The study adds to the body of knowledge by using EFA, CFA and SEM techniques to establish key leadership and top management factors affecting TQM implementation in Ghana’s construction industry. The findings in general suggested that leadership and top Management factors identified have a direct positive impact on sustaining TQM implementation in the Ghanaian construction industry. Consequently, the leadership and top management factors identified in this study can help improve TQM in the Ghanaian construction industry.

关键词： Construction Industry Leadership Top management Total Quality Management

中国货币数字化对中加贸易与投资的影响之研究

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中国货币数字化对中加贸易与投资的影响之研究

作者： samuel Zumah Mwinzumah 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

题为《中国与加纳的经济外交:数字化人民币及其对加纳贸易和投资的影响》的研究,深入探讨了中国的数字化人民币对中国与加纳经济关系的深远影响。该研究的核心关注点是理解数字化人民币的采用对两国之间贸易和投资状况的影响。该研究认... 详细信息

题为《中国与加纳的经济外交:数字化人民币及其对加纳贸易和投资的影响》的研究,深入探讨了中国的数字化人民币对中国与加纳经济关系的深远影响。该研究的核心关注点是理解数字化人民币的采用对两国之间贸易和投资状况的影响。该研究认识到理解数字货币所带来的全球影响的重要性,特别是在中国与加纳的经济交往背景下,诸如人民币汇率变化、经济政策的不确定性和“一带一路”倡议等被认为是塑造数字化对经济活动产生更广泛影响的关键因素。研究问题围绕着数字化人民币在推动经济贸易和加强投资方面所具有的变革性潜力展开。研究认为,人民币的数字化将促进金融交易更为顺畅,降低风险,并最终加强中国和加纳之间的经济联系。这项研究的意义在于其能够较好的解释中国与加纳之间经济外交的复杂状态。通过调查数字化人民币对经济贸易和投资的影响,该研究为决策者制定促进经济增长和金融稳定的总体战略提供了可参考的建议。此外,该研究还揭示了数字化人民币的国际化对全球而言所具有的意义及影响,为加纳应对数字化货币的演变格局提供了重要指导。该研究致力于促进对数字货币的采用如何塑造全球主要参与者和新兴经济体之间的经济外交和国际关系的理解。本论文共分为六个章节。本研究第一章介绍关于数字化人民币对全球金融市场的影响及意义的整体背景,特别是有关于中国与加纳的经济交往状况。该部分讨论了如人民币汇率变化、经济政策的不确定性和“一带一路”倡议等因素,将数字化货币对经济活动产生的更广泛影响进行框架化处理。主要研究问题集中于中国与加纳的经济外交,以及数字化人民币对贸易和投资的影响。该章认为,人民币数字化将通过促进金融交易的更畅通、降低风险和加强经济联系来增强中国和加纳的经济往来。该研究旨在揭示经济外交的复杂动态,为政府当局采取恰当的决策提供见解,并揭示数字化人民币国际化的全球影响。文献综述部分整合了相关研究学术著作的关键课题,为此研究打下坚实的基础,同时,本研究采用具有严格标准的系统研究法,以确保所参考的45篇文章的可信度。第二章对中国与加纳的经济外交进行了深入的分析,重点是推进人民币数字化。该部分首先追溯了自1960年以来,中国和加纳之间的外交关系的历史背景,强调两国之间不断加深的经济联系,特别是在贸易方面。该章节强调,自2009年以来,中国移民大量涌入加纳,以及他们对当地经济的贡献。这一部分详细介绍了中国在加纳贸易和投资的大幅增长,如制造业、一般贸易、建筑和建造业,特别强调了基础设施的发展,包括道路、桥梁和港口。该章重点说明中国在加纳基础设施建设领域的积极作用,尤其是由中国投资和贷款资助的水力发电等能源项目,布伊大坝水电工程就是一个具有里程碑意义的项目。此外,本章还介绍了“一带一路”倡议框架,展示了其在全球经济中的参与。尽管加纳不是“一带一路”倡议的直接参与者,但这对认识到中国-加纳关系的相似之处有所帮助。第三章探讨了人民币数字化对加纳贸易和投资格局的深远影响。该章节重点是讨论数字化人民币的采用及其在促进中国和加纳企业之间的贸易交易中的作用。这一章指出了数字化人民币是如何改善加纳与中国的贸易条件的,其推动了对加纳出口需求的增加,并降低了当地的通货膨胀。该研究深入探讨了中国“一带一路”倡议对地缘政治的影响,将数字化人民币定位为减少对第三方货币依赖的战略工具,此举有可能挑战美元的主导地位。该部分还讨论了投资机会,并强调联合项目和增加人民币在加纳的流动性。此外,本章探讨了数字化人民币与中国维护其在非洲影响力的努力之间的一致性,并考虑到其在偿还债务和包容性金融方面的潜在作用。最终,该研究表明,数字化人民币在简化跨境交易、削减成本、促进金融包容性、以深化中国和加纳之间的经济关系方面具有变革性潜力。第四章探讨了中国在与加纳的贸易和投资关系中采用数字化人民币所面临的挑战和影响。此章节在关于监管和合规问题的部分强调将数字化人民币无缝衔接到现有贸易框架中的重要性,以此来解决诸如跨境监管协调、反洗钱合规和数据安全等问题。人们对加纳的技术转让和经济增长可能遭到干扰而日益感到担忧。关于汇率风险的讨论分析了中国人民银行在数字化人民币管理中的作用及其对汇率波动的影响,此部分探讨了利率、短期资本流动,以及受人民币数字化影响而造成的格局演变之间的复杂互动。有关于金融安全的部分则详细讨论了采用数字化人民币带来的相关挑战,该部分强调安全措施、风险管理的重要性及其与数字金融服务之间越发深刻的相关性。数字化货币对隐私保护所造成的挑战最为明显,需要解决监管、操作和用户相关的因素。政治风险部分探讨了监管环境、地缘政治动态和制度框架之间的相互作用,考虑到了政府的稳定性、政策连续性以及技术在应对中国-加纳经济外交挑战中的作用。本章最后阐明了人民币数字化所面临的全球挑战和机遇,概述了全球采用数字化人民币进行跨境支付的障碍,并探索了地缘政治因素所创造的潜

关键词：中国数字化人民币经济外交加纳贸易和投资

Influence of Non-Natural Ageing Temperature on the Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Cast Aluminum 6063 Alloy

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 91-99页

作者： Oluwole Oladele Ayodele Adedeke Olajesu Olanrewaju samuel Olusunle Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Ondo State Nigeria Engineering Materials Development Institute NASENI Akure Ondo State Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA NASENI Abuja Nigeria

This research considered the effect of non-natural aging on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of as-cast aluminum 6063 alloys. The samples were developed through a sand casting process and machined into tensile and impact test samples before carrying out solution heat treatment at 550?C (0.83 Tm) on two parts of the samples while retaining one part as the control. The two parts were further divided into sets denoted A and B and were aged at 180?C (0.27 Tm) and 160?C (0.24 Tm), respectively, for 12 hours. The results showed that sample A has the optimal yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 192 and 206 MPa, respectively. Likewise, the sample gave the highest impact strength value of about 9.63 J/mm2. The observed results were supported by the optical micrograph, which revealed that the sample has evenly dispersed precipitates in its microstructure. This is deemed responsible for the observed increase in strength of the sample.

关键词： Aluminum Alloy Non-Natural Ageing Mechanical Properties Microstructural Features

The TELOMERE REPEAT BINDING proteins TRB4 and TRB5 function as transcriptional activators of PRC2-controlled genes to regulate plant development

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Plant Communications 2024年第7期5卷 178-199页

作者： Simon Amiard Léa Feit Emmanuel Vanrobays Lauriane Simon samuel Le Goff Loriane Loizeau Léa Wolff Falk Butter Clara Bourbousse Fredy Barneche Christophe Tatout Aline V.Probst iGReD CNRSInsermUniversite´Clermont Auvergne63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance Institut de biologie de I’Ecole normale supe´rieure(IBENS) Ecole normale supe´rieureCNRSINSERMUniversite´PSLParisFrance Institute of Molecular Biology 55128 MainzGermany

Plant-specific transcriptional regulators called TELOMERE REPEAT BINDING proteins(TRBs)combine two DNA-binding domains,the GH1 domain,which binds to linker DNA and is shared with H1 histones,and the Myb/SANT domain,which specifically recognizes the telobox DNA-binding site ***1,TRB2,and TRB3 proteins recruit Polycomb group complex 2(PRC2)to deposit H3K27me3 and JMJ14 to remove H3K4me3 at gene promoters containing telobox motifs to repress ***,we demonstrate that TRB4 and TRB5,two related paralogs belonging to a separate TRB clade conserved in spermatophytes,regulate the transcription of several hundred genes involved in developmental responses to environmental ***4 binds to several thousand sites in the genome,mainly at transcription start sites and promoter regions of transcriptionally active and H3K4me3-marked genes,but,unlike TRB1,it is not enriched at H3K27me3-marked gene ***,TRB4 can physically interact with the catalytic components of PRC2,SWINGER,and CURLY LEAF(CLF).Unexpectedly,we show that TRB4 and TRB5 are required for distinctive phenotypic traits observed in clf mutant plants and thus function as transcriptional activators of several hundred CLF-controlled genes,including key flowering *** further demonstrate that TRB4 shares multiple target genes with TRB1 and physically and genetically interacts with members of both TRB ***,these results reveal that TRB proteins engage in both positive and negative interactions with other members of the family to regulate plant development through both PRC2-dependent and-independent mechanisms.

关键词： chromatin TRB proteins transcriptional regulation PRC2 plant development

Comparative Analysis: Trays versus Packed Columns in Pressure-Swing Distillation for the Separation of Tetrahydrofuran, Water and Ethanol Azeotropic Mixture

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第3期12卷 798-819页

作者： samuel Oluwaseun Ogunrinde Tolulope Daniel Adekoya Thomas A. Orhadahwe Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria AstraZeneca Boston Massachusetts USA

This paper delves into the comparative study of tray and packed column pressure swing distillation systems, focusing on the separation of a ternary mixture containing ethanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and water. The study particularly emphasizes the production of 99.5 w/w% tetrahydrofuran from the downstream product of 1,4-butanediol synthesis via diethyl maleate. Pro/II simulation software is utilized to explore various system configurations, including sieve trays, valve trays, and packed columns. Material and energy balances are performed to ascertain stream compositions and energy demands. The investigation encompasses the effects of column operating pressure on condenser and reboiler temperatures, as well as the implications of utility streams. A rigorous distillation model is employed to compare valve tray, sieve tray, and random packing (utilizing Norton Super Intalox) column designs by varying the number of trays, reflux ratio, and second distillation column pressure. Heat exchangers are integrated into the model, and their areas and utility flow rates are computed and integrated into the economic assessment. Economic analysis, guided by Net Present Value (NPV) calculations over a 20-year span, drives the selection of the most cost-effective design. Results demonstrate that while all designs are energy-efficient, the packed column system emerges as the most economical choice, offering a comprehensive framework for the separation process. Furthermore, optimal design configurations and operating conditions for both tray and packed column systems are outlined, providing valuable insights for industrial applications.

关键词： Azetrope Tetrahydrofuran Ethanol Pressure-Swing Distillation Simulation

Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Potential Using AVO Analysis in the FORMAT Field, Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第3期14卷 403-430页

作者： Charles Chibueze Ugbor Onyebuchi samuel Onyeabor Ifeanyi Celestine Ugwuoke Department of Geology University of Nigeria Nsukka Enugu State Nigeria

The study involved the evaluation of the hydrocarbon potential of FORMAT Field, coastal swamp depobelt Niger delta, Nigeria to obtain a more efficient reservoir characterization and fluid properties identification. Despite advances in seismic data interpretation using traditional 3D seismic data interpretation, obtaining adequate reservoir characteristics at the finest level had proved very challenging with often disappointing results. A method that integrates the amplitude variation with offfset (AVO) analysis is hereby proposed to better illuminate the reservoir. The Hampson Russell 10.3 was used to integrate and study the available seismic and well data. The reservoir of interest was delineated using the available suite of petrophysical data. This was marked by low gamma ray, high resistivity, and low acoustic impedance between a true subsea vertical depth (TVDss) range of 10,350 - 10,450 ft. The AVO fluid substitution yielded a decrease in the density values of pure gas (2.3 - 1.6 g/cc), pure oil (2.3 - 1.8 g/cc) while the Poisson pure brine increased (2.3 to 2.8 g/cc). Result from FORMAT 26 plots yielded a negative intercept and negative gradient at the top and a positive intercept and positive gradient at the Base which conforms to Class III AVO anomaly. FORMAT 30 plots yielded a negative intercept and positive gradient at the top and a positive intercept and negative gradient at the Base which conforms to class IV AVO anomaly. AVO attribute volume slices decreased in the Poisson ratio (0.96 to - 1.0) indicating that the reservoir contains hydrocarbon. The s-wave reflectivity and the product of the intercept and gradient further clarified that there was a Class 3 gas sand in the reservoir and the possibility of a Class 4 gas sand anomaly in that same reservoir.

关键词： AVO Analysis Hydrocarbon Potential Fluid Properties Reservoir Characterization Petrophysical Data Hampson Russel

Prevalence and Individual-Level Determinants of Uptake of Three or More Doses of Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy in Busia County, Kenya

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第3期14卷 405-418页

作者： Anne Nduta Miatu Betsy Rono Cheriro Kamija samuel Phiri School of Public Health Department of Environmental Health and Disease Control Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya School of Global and Public Health Kamuzu University of Health Sciences Blantyre Malawi

Background: Malaria in pregnancy causes maternal anemia, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, and preterm deliveries. In malaria-endemic regions in Kenya, percentage of pregnant women hospitalized with malaria reach up to 60%. WHO recommends at least three doses of sulphadoxine pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy (IPTp) antenatally. This study sought to ascertain the prevalence and individual-level factors influencing the uptake of IPTp-SP3+. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study at Busia County Referral Hospital. 384 mothers were consecutively sampled at the maternity unit during delivery. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR were used to determine statistical significance of individual factors influencing uptake of three or more IPTp-SP. Results: 43.0% of participants took IPTp-SP3+. Individual factors that affected the uptake of IPTp-SP3+ included starting ANC visits in the first trimester (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.23 – 3.67, p = 0.046), having more than four ANC visits (aOR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.49 – 6.50, p = 0.002), having a higher monthly income (aOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.24 – 5.36, p = 0.012), being aware of the advantages of IPTp-SP medications (aOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.40 – 9.74, p = 0.008), and having a positive attitude toward ANC services (aOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.61 – 6.31, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Less than half of the pregnant mothers are complyingIPTp-SP3+. There should be aggressive efforts by the County and National Ministries of Health promoting initiation of ANC attendance early and attendance of all the recommended eight visits together with ensuring availability of the drugs.

关键词： Malaria in Pregnancy Antenatal Clinic Intermittent Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy Dosage Uptake Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine and Individual Level Factors

Rare Bilateral Radius and Ulna Fractures: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期14卷 1-11页

作者： Kwabena Nana Achiaw Dankwa Ekins Kuuzie samuel Kwame Ofori Department of Surgery Ghana Police Hospital Accra Ghana Department of Surgery St. Dominic Hospital Akwatia Ghana

Introduction: Forearm fractures involving both the radius and ulna, present distinctive challenges in orthopedic trauma management. This case report explores the complexities of a rare case of bilateral fractures, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach for optimal outcomes. Case Presentation: This report presents the case of a 40-year-old motorcyclist who was involved in a road accident and arrived at the emergency department shortly after the incident. Clinical examination revealed closed fractures in both forearms with mild swelling and severe tenderness. Fortunately, no neurovascular issues or compartment syndrome were detected. The patient was administered intravenous fluids and effective pain relief. Forearm splints were applied and the arms were elevated using pillows. Radiographs showed fractures in the right distal radius and ulna, as well as the left mid-shaft radius and ulna. Under general anesthesia, open reduction and internal fixation were per-formed using plates and screws for all four fractures. Postoperatively, the patient’s arms were immobilized and elevated, with gradual recovery during follow-up appointments over six months, eventually achieving full function without complaints. Conclusion: This article highlights the possibility, although infrequent, of bilateral shaft fractures of the ulna and radius. With thorough clinical assessment and radiological investigation, such fractures can be well-defined. The required definitive treatment, which usually involves open reduction and internal fixation, can be performed.

关键词： Forearm Fracture Ulnar Radius Bilateral

Hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and in patients with fatal COVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3705-3716页

作者： Angus K Jacobs Steven D Morley Kay samuel Katie Morgan Lyndsey Boswell Timothy J Kendall David A Dorward Jonathan A Fallowfield Peter C Hayes John N Plevris Hepatology Laboratory University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service Jack Copland CentreEdinburgh EH144BEUnited Kingdom Institute for Regeneration and Repair University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164UUUnited Kingdom Edinburgh Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SBUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),characterised by hepatic lipid accumulation,causes inflammation and oxidative stress accompanied by cell damage and *** injury(LI)is also frequently reported in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),while preexisting MASLD increases the risk of LI and the development of COVID-19-associated *** of injury at the cellular level remain unclear,but it may be significant that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)which causes COVID-19,uses angiotensin-converting expression enzyme 2(ACE2),a key regulator of the‘anti-inflammatory’arm of the renin-angiotensin system,for viral attachment and host cell *** To determine if hepatic ACE2 levels are altered during progression of MASLD and in patients who died with severe *** ACE2 protein levels and localisation,and histological fibrosis and lipid droplet accumulation as markers of MASLD were determined in formalin-fixed liver tissue sections across the MASLD pathological spectrum(isolated hepatocellular steatosis,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)+/-fibrosis,end-stage cirrhosis)and in post-mortem tissues from patients who had died with severe COVID-19,using ACE2 immunohistochemistry and haematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red staining of total collagen and lipid droplet areas,followed by quantification using machine learning-based image pixel *** ACE2 staining is primarily intracellular and concentrated in the cytoplasm of centrilobular hepatocytes and apical membranes of bile duct ***,ACE2 protein levels are elevated in non-fibrotic MASH compared to healthy controls but not in the progression to MASH with fibrosis and in ***2 protein levels and histological fibrosis are not associated,but ACE2 and liver lipid droplet content are significantly correlated across the MASLD *** A

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Immunohistochemistry COVID-19 COVID-19-associated cholangiopathy