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Eye and Vision 2014年第1期1卷 24-33页

作者： samuel arba mosquera Jorge L Alió SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions KleinostheimGermany Vissum Corporation AlicanteSpain Division of Ophthalmology Universidad Miguel HernándezAlicanteSpain.

Purpose:The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize and appraise the evidence of the benefits of presbyopic correction on the cornea for visual ***:Comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE using keywords like“presbylasik”,“presbyopic refractive surgery”,“corneal pseudoaccommodation”and“corneal multifocality”.We reviewed corrected and uncorrected visual acuities for distance and near(uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA),uncorrected near visual acuity(UNVA),corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),distance corrected near visual acuity(DCNVA),corrected near visual acuity(CNVA)),along with the refractive outcomes in spherical equivalent(SE)and astigmatism comparing the differences observed between preoperative myopic and hyperopic patients,as well as among ***-one studies met the inclusion and quality *** provides excellent distance and near uncorrected acuities,but with a 17%retreatment and a 5%reversal *** multifocal ablations result in 12%loss of 2 or more lines of CDVA,and a 21%retreatment *** Blended Vision provides excellent UDVA,but with a 19%retreatment *** experiences with Supracor show moderate predictability and a 22%retreatment *** results in 9%loss of 2 or more lines of *** provides excellent UDVA,with only a 1%retreatment rate,but a 6%reversal *** experiences with PresbyMAX provided excellent UNVA and DCNVA,showing excellent predictability and a 1%reversal ***:The findings have implications for clinicians and policymakers in the health-care industry and emphasize the need for additional trials examining this important and widely performed clinical procedure.

关键词： Presbyopic refractive correction Presbylasik Corneal pseudoaccommodation Corneal multifocality Distance corrected near visual acuity Monovision Laser Blended Vision Supracor and Intracor KAMRA PresbyMAX

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Centration axis in refractive surgery

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Eye and Vision 2015年第1期2卷 28-43页

作者： samuel arba mosquera Shwetabh Verma Colm McAlinden SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions KleinostheimGermany Recognized Research Group in Optical Diagnostic Techniques University of ValladolidValladolidSpain Department of Ophthalmology and Sciences of Vision University of OviedoOviedoSpain Flinders University AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Wenzhou Medical University WenzhouZhejiangChina.

The human eye is an asymmetric optical system and the real cornea is not a rotationally symmetrical *** optical element in the eye has its own optical and neural *** the optimum center for laser ablation is difficult with many available *** explain the various centration approaches(based on these reference axes)in refractive surgery and review their clinical *** line-of-sight(LOS)(the line joining the entrance pupil center with the fixation point)is often the recommended reference axis for representing wavefront aberrations of the whole eye(derived from the definition of chief ray in geometrical optics);however pupil centration can be unstable and change with the pupil *** corneal vertex(CV)represents a stable preferable morphologic reference which is the best approximate for alignment to the visual ***,the corneal light reflex can be considered as non-constant,but dependent on the direction of gaze of the eye with respect to the light source.A compromise between the pupil and CV centered ablations is seen in the form of an asymmetric offset where the manifest refraction is referenced to the CV while the higher order aberrations are referenced to the pupil *** is a need for a flexible choice of centration in excimer laser systems to design customized and non-customized treatments optimally.

关键词： Centration Refractive surgery Optical axis Neural axis Corneal vertex Pupil centration Corneal light reflex Line of sight Angle Kappa Alpha Lambda Asymmetric offset

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The art of nomograms

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Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 11-23页

作者： samuel arba mosquera Diego de Ortueta Shwetabh Verma Recognized Research Group in Optical Diagnostic Techniques University of ValladolidValladolidSpain SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions Mainparkstr.6-10D-63801 KleinostheimGermany Department of Ophthalmology and Sciences of Vision University of OviedoOviedoSpain Augenzentrum Recklinghausen RecklinghausenGermany Experimental Radiation Oncology University Medical Center MannheimHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing(IWR) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Central Institute for Computer Engineering(ZITI) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Background:To retrospectively analyse strategies for adjusting refractive surgery plans with reference to the preoperative manifest ***:We constructed seven nomograms based on the refractive outcomes(sphere,cylinder,axis[SCA])of 150 consecutive eyes treated with laser in situ keratomileusis for myopic *** limited the initial data to the SCA of the manifest *** nomograms were based on the strategy:if for x diopters(D)of attempted metric,y D is achieved;we can reverse this sentence and state for achieving y D of change in the metric,x D will be *** effects of the use of plus or minus astigmatism notation,spherical equivalent,sphere,principal meridians notation,cardinal and oblique astigmatism,and astigmatic axis were ***:All nomograms detected subtle differences in the spherical component(p<0.0001).Nomograms 5 and 7(using power vectors)and 6(considering axis shifts)detected significant astigmatic differences(nomogram 5,p<0.001;nomogram 6,p<0.05;nomogram 7,p<0.005 for cardinal astigmatism,p=0.1 for oblique astigmatism).We observed mild clinically relevant differences(~0.5 D)in sphere or astigmatism among the nomograms;differences of~0.25 D in the proposals for sphere or cylinder were not *** nomograms suggested minor improvements versus actual observed outcomes,with no clinically relevant differences among ***:All nomograms anticipated minor improvements versus actual observed outcomes without clinically relevant differences among *** minimal uncertainties in determining the manifest refraction(~0.6 D)are the major limitation to improving the accuracy of refractive surgery nomograms.

关键词： Refraction Nomograms Refractive outcomes Sphere Cylinder

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Corneal functional optical zone under monocular and binocular assessment

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Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 24-36页

作者： samuel arba mosquera Diego de Ortueta Shwetabh Verma SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions D-63801 KleinostheimGermany Recognized Research Group in Optical Diagnostic Techniques University of ValladolidValladolidSpain Department of Ophthalmology and Sciences of Vision University of OviedoOviedoSpain Augenzentrum Recklinghausen RecklinghausenGermany Experimental Radiation Oncology University Medical Center MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing(IWR) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Central Institute for Computer Engineering(ZITI) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Background:In this retrospective randomized case series,we compared bilateral symmetry between OD and OS eyes,intercorneal differences and Functional Optical Zone(FOZ)of the corneal ***:Sixty-seven normal subjects(with no ocular pathology)who never had any ocular surgery were bilaterally evaluated at Augenzentrum Recklinghausen(Germany).In all cases,standard examinations and corneal wavefront topography(OPTIKON Scout)were *** OD/OS bilateral symmetry was evaluated for corneal wavefront aberrations,and FOZ-values were evaluated from the Root-Mean-Square(RMS)of High-Order Wavefront-Aberration(HOWAb).Moreover,correlations of FOZ,spherical equivalent(SE),astigmatism power,and cardinal and oblique astigmatism for binocular ***,and binocular *** differences were ***:Mean FOZ was 6.56±1.13 mm monocularly,6.97±1.34 mm binocularly,and 7.64±1.30 mm intercorneal difference,with all strongly positively correlated,showing that the diameter of glare-free vision is larger in binocular than monocular *** SE was 0.78±1.30 D,and the mean astigmatism power(magnitude)was 0.46±0.52 D *** corresponding monocular values for these metrics were 0.78±1.30 D and 0.53±0.53 D ***,astigmatism magnitude,cardinal astigmatism component,and FOZ showed a strong correlation and even symmetry;and oblique astigmatism component showed odd symmetry indicating Enantiomorphism between the left and right ***:These results confirm OD-vs.-OS bilateral symmetry(which influences binocular summation)of HOWAb,FOZ,defocus,astigmatism power,and cardinal and oblique *** Functional Optical Zone calculated from corneal wavefront aberrations can be used to optimize refractive surgery design.

关键词： Functional optical zone Bilateral symmetry Astigmatism Cardinal and oblique astigmatism Binocular Monocular Intercorneal differences Correlation Enantiomorphism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 366-377页

作者： samuel Abokyi Dennis Yan-yin Tse School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Research Center for SHARP Vision The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Eye and Vision Research Sha TinHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders,including diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,and glaucoma,following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their *** comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches,focusing on the activation of transcription factor *** meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies,such as exercise,calorie restriction,rapamycin,and metformin,in patients and animal models of these common retinal *** review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging,its neuroprotective effects,and its therapeutic potential for retinal *** impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific,influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing *** vascular endothelial cells,transcription factor EB controls important processes,including endothelial cell proliferation,endothelial tube formation,and nitric oxide levels,thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier,angiogenesis,and retinal ***,transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells,inhibiting vascular calcification and *** retinal pigment epithelial cells,transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy,lysosomal dynamics,and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin,thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in *** cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis,neuronal synapse plasticity,energy metabolism,microvasculature,and inflammation,ultimately offering pro

关键词： age-related macular degeneration anti-aging interventions autophagy calorie restriction diabetic retinopathy exercise glaucoma neuromodulation phagocytosis photoreceptor outer segment degradation retinal aging transcription factor EB

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile in lithium-sulfur batteries:Interactions between undercoordinated carbons and polymer structure under low lithiation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 587-596,I0016页

作者： samuel Bertolini Timo Jacob Institute of Electrochemistry Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081 UlmGermany Helmholtz-Institute Ulm(HIU) Electrochemical Energy StorageHelmholtzstr.1189081 UlmGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) P.O.Box 364076021 KarlsruheGermany

Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)represents an important candidate to be used in energy storage applications,due to its high specific ***-polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)is a candidate as a host material in LSB to replace graphite,due to its ability to chemisorb polysulfides(PSs).The sulfur chains attached to the polymer can reversibly form Li2S,and SPAN indicates to have a good cyclability and better performance than graphite,thus,SPAN acts partially as an active and also as a host *** this study,we investigated the capacity of the solvent or the SPAN to lose a hydrogen atom from the backbone,to predict possible anodic reactions between solvent and host *** simulation suggests that the photophilic salts may preferentially react with the solvent,and possibly building a cathode electrolyte interphase(CEI).We observed that an undercoordinated carbon(C_(uc))can be thermodynamically created,due to *** Cuccan react with the solvent on the polymer backbone through different mechanisms,however,the simulations indicated that the reaction should be affected by the interaction between the solvent and C_(uc),according to SPAN’s ***,C_(uc)reacts with long sulfur chains attached to SPAN,capturing sulfur and forming a C-S bond.A sulfur chain from one SPAN can connect to another polymer backbone,however,this process is affected by lithiation and ***,this work also investigates the formation of interconnected SPAN structures and the multiple C_(uc)effects.

关键词： Density functional theory Ab initio molecular dynamics Lithium-sulfur batteries Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile

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Flow, thermal criticality and transition of a reactive third-grade fluid in a pipe with Reynolds' model viscosity

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2016年第1期28卷 84-94页

作者： samuel S.OKOYA Department of Mathematics Obafemi Awolowo University

Neglecting the consumption of the material, a steady incompressible flow of an exothermic reacting third-grade fluid with viscous heating in a circular cylindrical pipe is numerically studied for both cases of constant viscosity and Reynolds＇ viscosity model. The coupled ordinary differential equations governing the flow in cylindrical coordinates, are transformed into dimensionless forms using appropriate transformations, and then solved numerically. Solutions using Maple are presented in tabular form and given in terms of dimensionless central fluid velocity and temperature, skin friction and heat transfer rate for three parametric values in the Reynolds＇ case. The numerical results for the velocity and temperature fields are also presented through graphs. Bifurcations are discussed using shooting method. Comparisons are also made between the present results and those of previous work, and thus verify the validity of the provided numerical solutions. Important properties of thermal criticality are provided for variable viscosity parameter and reaction order. Further numerical results are presented in the form of tables and graphs for transition of physical parameters, while varying certain flow and fluid material parameters. Also, the flow behaviour of the reactive fluid of third-grade is compared with those of the Newtonian reactive fluid.

关键词： non-Newtonian fluids third-grade fluid thermal transition heat generation temperature dependent viscosity numerical solutions

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Research trend of cascade heat pumps

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第11期60卷 1597-1615页

作者： BOAHEN samuel CHOI JongMin Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering Hanbat National UniversityDaejeon 34158Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanbat National UniversityDaejeon 34158Korea

Most commercial and industrial facilities require very low temperatures for refrigeration and high temperatures for space heating and hot water purposes. Single stage heat pumps have not been able to meet these temperature demands and have been characterized by low capacities and coefficient of performance(COP). Cascade heat pump has been developed to overcome the weaknesses of single stage heat pumps. This study reviews recent works done by researchers on cascade heat pumps for refrigeration, heating and hot water generation. Selection of suitable refrigerants to meet the pressure and temperature demands of each stage of the cascade heat pump has been discussed. Optimization of design parameters such as intermediate temperature(low stage condensing and high stage evaporating temperatures), and temperature difference in the cascade heat exchanger for optimum performance of the cascade heat pump has been reviewed. It was found that optimising each design parameter of the cascade heat pump is necessary for maximum system performance and this may improve the exergetic efficiency, especially of cascade refrigeration systems, by about 30.88%. Cascade heat pumps have wider range of application especially for artificial snow production, in the supermarkets,for natural gas liquefaction, in drying clothes and food and as heat recovery system. The performance of cascade heat pumps can be improved by 19% when coupled with other renewable energy sources for various real time applications. Also, there is the need for much research on refrigerant charge amount of cascade heat pumps, refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchangers to be used as cascade heat exchanger, cascade heat pumps for simultaneous cooling, heating and hot water generation and on the use of variable speed compressors and their control strategies in matching system capacity especially at part load conditions.

关键词： cascade heat pump low stage high stage optimization system performance refrigerant

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Impulse force reductions and their effects on WBV exposures in high impact shovel loading operations

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第3期28卷 423-435页

作者： Danish Ali samuel Frimpong Mining & Nuclear Engineering Department Missouri University of Science and Technology

When shovels load the dump trucks with over 100-ton passes under gravity dumping conditions, they will create a large impact force on the dump truck body which generates high frequency shock waves which expose the operators to whole body vibrations （WBV）. The main cause of such truck vibrations is the large impact force due to the gravity dumping of large tonnage passes. Therefore a rigorous mathematical model has been developed for the impact force containing all the necessary factors upon which it depends. Latter, a thorough analysis shows that percentage reduction of 7.19%, 9.40%, 13.27%, 14.8%, 17.30% and 18.13% can he achieved by reducing the dumping distance to 6.33 m, 6.0 m, 5.5 m, 5.33 m, 5.0 m and 4.9 m, respectively, as compared to when the dumping distance was 7.33 m. Even more reduction in the magnitude of impact force can he observed if the shovel pass gets divided into more than two sub-passes. Therefore, these models can he used to figure out the number of sub-passes into which a single ore pass can he divided and/or the extent to which the dumping distance can he reduced which would reduce the impact force significantly enough to obtain safer yet economic operations.

关键词： Impact force HISLO Mathematical modeling Dumping distance Shovel ore sub-passes

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