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Comparative assessment of intestinal helminths prevalence in Water,Sanitation and Hygiene(WASH) intervention and non-intervention communities in Abeokuta,Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第6期7卷 524-532页

作者： Oluwaseyi Tunrayo Taiwo sammy olufemi sam-wob. Olufunmilayo Ajoke Idowu Adewale Oladele Talabi Adewale Matthew Taiwo Department of Pure & Applied Zoology Federal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery Federal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria Department of Environmental Management & Toxicology Federal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria

Objective:This study compared the prevalence of intestinal helminths in Water,Sanitation and Hygiene(WASH) intervention and non-intervention communities in Abeokuta,***:Stool samples were collected from 225 respondents in a study carried out between July and November,*** samples were examined for presence of helminths using Formol-Ether concentration *** collected from stool samples were analyzed using SPSS for Windows(version 16).Results:Results showed that,at the intervention community,88 out of 113 respondents were infected with at least one helminth infection while at non-intervention community,80 out of 112 respondents were *** result revealed overall helminth prevalence of78% at Mawuko and 71% at *** both intervention(Mawuko) and non-intervention(Isolu) communities,hookworm was the most prevalent helminth observed(21% and18%,respectively) followed by Ascaris lumbricoides(13% and 13%,respectively),Taenia sp.(4% and 3%,respectively) and Trichostrongylus sp.(1% and 3%,respectively).Cases of single infections of Trichuris trichiura,Strongyloides stercoralis and Hymenolepsis nana were observed only at the non-intervention ***,*** occurred in the multiple infections observed at the intervention *** more(p < 0.05) cases of infections were observed in male(46%) at the intervention community than female(31%) while in non-intervention community females(39%) were significantly(p < 0.05) more infected than their male counterparts(32%).Conclusions:This study concludes that the Community Led-Total Sanitation intervention programme,which was executed in Mawuko was not effective as expected.

关键词： Intestinal helminths WASH intervention Sanitation Infections Prevalence

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尼日利亚西南部奥孙河沿线黑蝇Simulium damnosum Theobald complex的形态分类研究(双翅目：蚋科)(英文)

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昆虫学报 2010年第11期53卷 1319-1324页

作者： Monsuru Adebayo ADELEKE Chiedu Felix MAFIANA sammy olufemi sam-wob. Ganiyu Olatunji OLATUNDE Olaoluwa Pheabian AKINWALE Molecular Parasitology Laboratory Public Health DivisionNigerian Institute of Medical Research P.M.132013YahaLagosNigeria Department of Biological Sciences University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria Executive Secretary Office National University CommissionAbuja Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria

黑蝇Simulium damnosumsensu lato是由多个姊妹种组成的复合体,这些种在生态学和盘尾丝虫病的传播方面各不相同。本文对奥孙河沿线的尼日利亚西南部森林区域的黑蝇S. damnosum s.l.复合体的组成以及成虫的形态学特征进行了研究。本研究... 详细信息

黑蝇Simulium damnosumsensu lato是由多个姊妹种组成的复合体,这些种在生态学和盘尾丝虫病的传播方面各不相同。本文对奥孙河沿线的尼日利亚西南部森林区域的黑蝇S. damnosum s.l.复合体的组成以及成虫的形态学特征进行了研究。本研究所用的黑蝇S. damnosum s.l.成虫标本来源于奥孙河沿线的3个区,分别是Osun Eleja,Osun Ogbere和Osun Budepo。标本采集通过人体诱捕的方式,采集时间从2008年2月至2009年6月上午7:00到下午6:00,每两周采集1次。通过观察成虫的翅毛簇(wing tufts)和其他形态特征,对其进行分类研究。结果表明:存在同域分布的森林种和稀树草原种。在奥孙河沿线3个区内,森林种为优势种,占总捕获量的99.18%,而稀树草原种仅占0.82%;森林种和稀树草原种在多度上存在显著差异(P<0.05)。所捕获的所有稀树草原种的翅毛簇均为灰白色,而捕获的森林种的翅毛簇颜色存在显著差异(P<0.05)。为了更清楚地揭示该地区黑蝇S. damnosum s.l.的物种组成,建议进行更深入的研究。

关键词： Simulium damnosums.l. 形态分类学翅毛簇优势种尼日利亚

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Comparison of Sputum Smear Microscopy and Rapid Tuberculosisantibody Detection Test Kits for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Abia State, Nigeria

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Journal of Health Science 2014年第5期2卷 207-212页

作者： Emmanuel olufemi Ekundayo sam D. Abbey Onuka Okorie Department of Microbiology Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike 440109 Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Rivers State University of Science and Technology Nkpolu Port Harcourt 500101Nigeria Abia State Ministry of Health State TB Control Programme Umuahia 440235 Nigeria

The SSM （sputum smear microscopy） and five immunochromatographic tuberculosis antibody detection tests （DiaSpot TB, Spodex TB, SD Rapid TB, Clinotech TB Screen and Precious One-step TB） were compared for diagnosis of active TB at the Leprosy and Tuberculosis Referral Hospital, Uzuakoli, Abia State, Nigeria. Sputum specimens from 150 study participants （male/female ratio, 0.81） were cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen slopes and direct smears were stained by Ziehl-Neelsen technique and examined by light microscopy. Sera were tested for anti-TB antibodies using the rapid TB tests. A total of 91 participants were culture positive, 79 （86.8%） for M. tuberculosis and 12 （13.2%） for nontuberculous mycobacteria. The sensitivity of SSM was 50% （95% CI： 39.0-61.0） and specificity was 92.3% （95% CI： 86.4-98.2） in those culture positive for M. tuberculosis. The sensitivity and specificity of the Rapid TB tests ranged from 24.1-39.2% and 78.4-87.8%, respectively. None of the five rapid TB tests had acceptable level of accuracy for diagnosis of active TB. The sensitivity of SSM though moderate is inadequate for long term TB control in this setting.

关键词： Sputum smear microscopy, serological antibody tests, rapid TB kits, tuberculosis, Nigeria.

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Water Resource, Hygienic Practice, and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in Some Rural Communities of Osun State, Nigeria

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第2期9卷 99-110页

作者： Tolulope Sunday Fafunwa Hammed Oladeji Mogaji Akinola Stephen Oluwole Abdulhakeem Adebiyi Adeniran Mariam Tobi Fagbenro sammy olufemi sam-wob. Babatunde Saheed Bada Uwem Friday Ekpo Department of Pure and Applied Zoology Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Animal and Environmental Biology Federal University Oye-Ekiti Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria

Provision of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) resources has been advocated as necessary add-on strategy for sustainable control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) alongside annual mass drug administration (MDA) of albendazole to endemic communities. This study investigated the burden of STH and status of WASH resources in eight rural communities in Aiyedaade LGA, Osun State, Nigeria. Four of the communities were supported with improved water and hygiene resources (Category A), and another four supported only with improved water resources (Category B). Two hundred and sixteen (216) fresh stool samples were collected from consenting community members and screened for Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworm and Trichuris trichiura infections using ether concentration method. The status and condition of WASH resources were determined using questionnaire and physical observation. An overall prevalence of 35.2% was observed for any STH infection. Species’ prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworm and Trichuris trichiura prevalence was 33.8%, 22.7%, and 0.5% respectively. Intensity of STH infection was significantly higher in Category A communities than in Category B communities. The prevalence of STH in Category A communities was higher (42.0%) than that in Category B communities (30.1%). There were significant differences (p = 0.000) in STH infections between the two categories. The status of improved water supply was not significantly different (p = 0.3153) in the two categories. Knowledge, attitude, and practices about STH, its transmission and control were low in both categories of communities. These results imply that current implementation of WASH which tends to focus on resource distribution, equity, and coverage, is unlikely to impact on STH transmission and control. Therefore, it is necessary for WASH providers to consider STH transmission control in their planning and implementation of WASH intervention for STH endemic communities.

关键词： Water Sanitation Hygiene Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis Osun State Nigeria

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Production and Characterization of Porous Insulating Fired Bricks from Ifon Clay with Varied Sawdust Admixture

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2012年第10期11卷 970-975页

作者： Fatai olufemi Aramide Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

The effect of compositions of saw dust admixture on thermal conductivity and other mechanical/refractory properties of Ifon Clay was investigated. The raw clay gotten from Ifon in Ondo state was first processed to very fine particles and characterized using SEM/EDX, XRD and XRF. Sawdust from mahogany tree procured from a saw mill in Akure the State capital of Ondo State was also dried to remove moisture present. A composite mixture of this dried saw dust with the processed clay was made at various proportions of the saw dust, with a little addition of water for plasticity. sam- ples of cylindrical dimensions were then produced from the mounting press by the process of compaction with a very high pressure. The samples were dried and then finally fired in the furnace at 1000?C for a final curing. Properties which include thermal shock resistance, bulk density, cold crushing strength, thermal conductivity and porosity were obtained by the appropriate standard test methods. The microstructures of the fired samples were also characterized with SEM using back scattered secondary imaging. The results show that the amount of sawdust admixture affects the properties variously;porosity increases with percentage increase in sawdust admixture while the thermal conductivity and other properties of the sample reduce with percentage increase in sawdust admixture. It was concluded that for structural insulating bricks where compressive strength is important the sawdust admixture should not exceed 10 to 15 percent.

关键词： Thermal Conductivity Porosity Insulating Brick Ceramic

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虎头海雕需要爱

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小哥白尼（野生动物） 2013年第12期 6-7页

作者：凌冰惠京鹏 sammy sam

说起海雕,大家脑海中浮现出的形象是什么样的?假如你的回答包含"白头"这个词,那就请尽量小声一点,因为本期《动物脱D秀》的嘉宾,小编好不容易才请来的虎头海雕会有点不高兴。在它看来,自己和各位心目中的海雕代言人——白头海雕只有微... 详细信息

说起海雕,大家脑海中浮现出的形象是什么样的?假如你的回答包含"白头"这个词,那就请尽量小声一点,因为本期《动物脱D秀》的嘉宾,小编好不容易才请来的虎头海雕会有点不高兴。在它看来,自己和各位心目中的海雕代言人——白头海雕只有微乎其微的差别,待遇却是一个天上一个地下。对此,虎头海雕可是有很多"委屈"要倾诉呢!被"盖帽"的海雕之王大家都说白头海雕体态威武,美丽雄壮。殊不知,我们虎头海雕才是海雕中的老大,也是体形最大,体重最重的猛禽之一。谁要是不信,请看以下这组数据:

关键词：虎头海雕白头海雕小编请看动作要领展翅翱翔千岛群岛王者风范一真工业生产

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