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In vitro anti-leishmanial activity of methanolic extracts of Calendula officinalis flowers, Datura stramonium seeds, and Salvia officinalis leaves

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第6期12卷 423-427页

作者： Banafsheh Nikmehr Habib Ghaznavi Amir Rahbar samira sadr Saeed Mehrzadi Department of Anatomy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cellular and Molecular Research Center Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pathobiology Veterinary Faculty Shahid Chamran University Ahwaz Iran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran Core Facilities Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

AIM: The anti-leishmanial activity of methanolic extracts of Calendula officinalis flowers, Datura stramonium seeds, and Salvia officinalis leaves against extracellular(promastigote) and intracellular(amastigote) forms of Leishmania major were evaluated in this study. METHOD: In the first stage, promastigote forms of L. major, were treated with different doses of the plant extracts in a 96-well tissue-culture microplate and IC50 values for each extract were measured with colorimetric MTT assay. In the second stage, macrophage cells were infected with L. major promastigotes. Infected macrophages were treated with plant extracts. Then the macrophages were stained with Gimsa and the number of infected macrophages and amastigotes were counted with a light microscope. RESULTS: The results indicated that the plant extracts inhibited the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major. Inhibitory concentrations(IC50) for promastigote assay were 108.19, 155.15, and 184.32 μg·mL-1 for C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds and S. officinalis, respectively. The extracts also reduced the number of amastigotes in macrophage cells from 264 for control group to 88, 97, and 102 for test groups. Although the anti-leishmanial activity of the extracts were not comparable with the standard drug, miltefosine; but they showed significant efficiency in reducing the number of amastigotes in macrophages, in comparison with the control group(P < 0.001). These plant extracts had lower toxicity compared with miltefosine. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the potential efficacy of the methanolic extracts of C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds, and S. officinalis leaves to control of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

关键词： Leishmania major Promastigote Amastigote Calendula officinalis Datura stramonium Salvia officinalis

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Protective effect of ginger volatile oil against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats: a light microscopic evaluation

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第2期12卷 115-120页

作者： Amir Rashidian Saeed Mehrzadi Ali Reza Ghannadi Parvin Mahzooni samira sadr Mohsen Minaiyan Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacognosy School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesIsfahan University of Medical Sciences Department of Clinical Pathology School of MedicineIsfahan University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Tehran Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesIsfahan University of Medical Sciences

OBJECTIVE： Ulcerative colitis is a chronically recurrent inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. In the present study, the effect of ginger （rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe） volatile oil on a rat model of colitis was evaluated. METHODS： Volatile oil of ginger with doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, prednisolone （4 mg/kg）, or vehicle were administered orally to groups of male Wistar rats （n = 6） for 5 d. Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups, each group consisting of 6 rats. Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 2 mL of 4% （v/v） acetic acid solution. All rats were sacrificed 24 h later and the tissue injuries were assessed macroscopically and histopathologically. RESULTS： Ginger volatile oil with all doses reduced colon weight/length ratio （P 〈 0.01） and the effects were similar to the reference drugs. Higher oral doses of volatile oil （200 and 400 mg/kg） reduced ulcer severity （P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01）, ulcer area （P 〈 0.01） and ulcer index （P 〈 0.01）. On the other hand, evaluation of microscopic scores showed that the dose of 400 mg/kg of volatile oil was effective to reduce inflammation severity （P 〈 0.01） and inflammation extent （P 〈 0.05） compared to the control group. CONCLUSION： It is concluded that ginger volatile oil could effectively reduce symptoms of experimental colitis in a dose-dependent manner.

关键词： ginger Zingiber officinale oils, volatile acetic acid colitis rats

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