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Natural Products Modulate the Multifactorial Multidrug Resistance of Cancer

Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2015年第3期6卷 146-176页

作者： Safaa Yehia Eid Mahmoud Zaki El-Readi sameer hassan fatani Essam Eldin Mohamed Nour Eldin Michael Wink Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Azhar University Assiut Egypt

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a critical problem in cancer chemotherapy. Cancer cells can develop resistance not only to a single cytotoxic drug, but also to entire classes of structurally and functionally unrelated compounds. Several mechanisms can mediate the development of MDR, including increased drug efflux from the cells by ABC-transporters (ABCT), activation of metabolic enzymes, and defective pathways towards apoptosis. Many plant secondary metabolites (SMs) can potentially increase sensitivity of drug-resistant cancer cells to chemotherapeutical agents. The present thesis investigates the modulation of MDR by certain medicinal plants and their active compounds. The inhibition of ABCTs (P-gp/MDR1, MRP1, BCRP) and metabolic enzymes (GST and CYP3A4), and the induction of apoptosis are useful indicators of the efficacy of a potential medicinal drug. The focus of this study was the possible mechanisms of drug resistance including: expression of resistance proteins, activation of metabolic enzymes, and alteration of the apoptosis and how to overcome their resistance effect on cancer cells. The overall goal of this review was to evaluate how commonly used medicinal plants and their main active secondary metabolites modulate multidrug resistance in cancer cells in order to validate their uses as anticancer drugs, introduce new therapeutic options for resistant cancer, and facilitate the development of their anticancer strategies and/or combination therapies. In conclusion, SMs from medicinal plants exhibit multitarget activity against MDR-related proteins, metabolic enzymes, and apoptotic signaling, this may help to overcome resistance towards chemotherapeutic drugs.

关键词： Multidrug Resistance (MDR) ABC-Transporters (ABCT) Metabolic Enzymes Apoptosis CytochromeP3A4 (CYP3A4) Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST)

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Flexural and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Treated Coir/Pineapple Leaf Fibres Reinforced Polylactic Acid Hybrid Biocomposites

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第6期18卷 1430-1438页

作者： Ramengmawii Siakeng Mohammad Jawaid Mohammad Asim hassan Fouad sameer Awad Naheed Saba Suchart Siengchin Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering The Sirindhorn International Thai-GermanGraduate School of Engineering(TGGS)King Mongkut’s University of Technology North BangkokBangkok10800Thailand Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP)Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPMSerdangSelangorMalaysia Applied Medical Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 10219Riyadh11433Saudi Arabia Chemistry School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia

Polylactic acid(PLA)possesses good mechanical and biodegradability properties which make it a suitable material for polymer composites whereas brittleness and high costs limit its utilization in various *** reinforcement of natural fibres with biopolymers has been formed to be an efficient technique to develop composites having the ability to be fully *** study concerns with the incorporation of various percentages of untreated and alkali-treated Coir Fibres(CF)and pineapple leaf fibres(PALF)in PLA biocomposites and characterizations of flexural,morphological and dynamic mechanical *** properties showed that the treated C1P1 hybrid composites(C1P1A)displayed highest flexural strength(35.81 MPa)and modulus(5.28 GPa)among all hybrid *** Electron Microscopy(SEM)revealed a behaviour of fibre-matrix adhesion in untreated treated *** observation revealed good dispersion of the fillers in *** mechanical analysis revealed that C1P1A showed highest glass transition temperature(Tg)and storage modulus(E')while untreated C3P7 displayed the least Tg and E'.Overall findings showed that alkali-treated hybrid biocomposites(CF/PALF/PLA)especially C1P1A have improved flexural properties,dynamic and morphological properties over untreated *** of these findings will provide attracting consideration of these hybrid biocomposites for various lightweight uses in a broad selection of industrial applications such as biomedical sectors,automobile,construction,electronics equipment,and hardware tools.

关键词： Coir fibres Pineapple leaf fibres Biocomposites Polylactic acid Mechanical properties Dynamic mechanical properties

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Ocular manifestations of children with atopic dermatitis in Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第5期16卷 787-793页

作者： Lina hassan Raffa Tala Musa Roblah Nasser Talal Balbaid Bader sameer Zimmo Mahmood Jameel Showail Department of Ophthalmology King Abdulaziz University HospitalJeddahSaudi Arabia Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Dermatology King Abdulaziz University HospitalJeddahSaudi Arabia

AIM:To examine the incidence of ocular abnormalities in children with atopic dermatitis(AD)in Saudi Arabia and its association with the severity of ***:This is a cross-sectional study on 50 children with AD who were between 5 and 16 years of *** severity of AD was evaluated using the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis(SCORAD)*** the children underwent slit lamp exams,visual acuity assessment,intraocular pressure measurement,and corneal *** children were considered to have an ophthalmic abnormality if one or more of the following signs were present:glaucoma,keratoconus suspicion,in addition to lid,conjunctival,corneal,lenticular,or retinal ***:Based on the SCORAD severity index,14%of children had mild AD(7/50),38%had moderate AD(19/50),and nearly half had severe *** than half the children exhibited facial involvement,and half had peri-orbital *** mean SCORAD index was *** mean age was 10.48±3.6y,and the cohort showed a slight male predominance(54%males).Both eyes of the 50 children in the cohort were *** on the ocular examinations,92%of the patients showed ocular abnormalities:lid abnormalities(27/50)followed by keratitis(22/50).Four patients had moderate risk for keratoconus in one eye and eight patients were suspected to have ***,SCORAD severity index was not associated with age,sex,or the number or presence of ophthalmic ***:This is the first study in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the prevalence of ocular manifestations in children with *** results indicate that the majority of children with AD have ocular abnormalities that mainly include lid *** on these findings,larger scale studies are needed to affirm whether regular screening for ophthalmic abnormalities would be beneficial for children with AD in terms of early intervention and prevention of sight-threatening complications.

关键词： atopic dermatitis children eczema keratoconus ocular disease ophthalmic abnormalities prevalence SCORAD

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Performance Evaluation of Calcium Alkali-treated Oil Palm/Pineapple Fibre/Bio-phenolic Composites

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第5期19卷 1493-1503页

作者： sameer A.Awad hassan Fouad Eman M.Khalaf N.Saba Hom N.Dhakal M.Jawaid Othman Y.Alothman Department of Chemistry School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia Department of Chemistry College of Education for Pure ScienceUniversity of Al-AnbarRamadi 31001Iraq Biomedical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHelwan UniversityHelwan 11792Egypt Pharmacy Department Al-Maarif University CollegeAnbar 3001 RamadiIraq Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products(INTROP)Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangMalaysia Advanced Polymers and Composites(APC)Research Group School of Mechanical and Design EngineeringUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO13DJUK Department of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11433Saudi Arabia

The utilisation of oil palm fibre(OPF)and pineapple leaf fibres(PALF)as reinforcement materials for bio-phenolic composites is growing especially in automotive lightweight *** major aim of this current study is to investigate the influence of alkali(Ca(OH)_(2)) treatment on pure and hybrid *** effects of enhancements in chemical interactions were evaluated by the Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer(FTIR).Dynamic Mechanical Analysis(DMA)and Thermogravimetric Analysis(TGA)performance of untreated reinforcements(OPF and PALF)and treated(OPF/OPF)composites at varying temperature and noted sufficient interfacial bonding contributing towards the improvements in thermal *** DMA results,the storage modulus improved with treated composites while the damping factor was ***,the treated hybrid composites exhibited significant improvements in thermal stability compared to untreated fibre *** results indicated that alkali calcium hydroxide(Ca(OH2(:T)incorporation in hybrid composites(OPF/PALF)results in increased tensile strength and modulus among all ***,the alkali-treated(Ca(OH)_(2))-treated pure composite(T/50%PALF),and hybrid composites(T/1OPF.1PALF)exhibited better flexural strength as compared with other *** contrast,the T/50%PALF showed higher flexural stress of 78.2 MPa,while the flexural modulus was recorded at 6503 *** can be proposed from the findings of this study that the alkali treatment(5%Ca(OH)_(2))can be utilised to improve the strength and efficiency of agriculture biomass to be used as reinforcements in ***,the hybridisation of bio-fibre composites has the potential as a novel variety of biodegradable and sustainable composites appropriate for several industrial and engineering applications.

关键词： Hybrid fibre composites Alkali treatments Surface modifications Mechanical properties Thermal stability

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Cancer Risk of Inhalation Exposure to Cd, Cr, As, Be and Ni in Ambient Air

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2017年第3期8卷 290-300页

作者： Heba M. Adly Saleh A. K. Saleh Abdullah A. Saati sameer H. fatani Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Umm Al-Qura University Makkah KSA Oncology Diagnostic Unit Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Community Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Umm Al-Qura University Makkah KSA

Particulate matter may comprise toxic trace elements with carcinogenic effects. Of these trace elements, Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Arsenic (As), Beryllium (Be) and Nickel (Ni) are classified as probable human carcinogens. During the annual Hajj pilgrimage, 2.3 million pilgrims stay in Makkah, Saudi Arabia;the increased vehicle traffic contributes to elevated concentrations of particulate matter. We aimed to determine the excess cancer risk (ECR) associated with inhalation exposure in the Makkah population. This study was conducted in the Arafat area, which is a highly-crowded area during Hajj. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for trace element analysis. ECR resulting from inhalation exposure to each metal was calculated in accordance with the unit risk suggested by the Integrated Risk Information System. In summer, including Hajj, mean Cd, Cr, As, Be, and Ni atmospheric concentrations were 0.098, 0.008, 0.26, 0.03, and 0.012 μg/m3, respectively;in autumn, values were 0.06, 0.006, 0.16, 0.002, and 0.01 μg/m3, respectively. ECRs were 1.08 × 10𕒸, 7.21 × 10𕒸, 4.0 × 10𕒺, 4.6 × 10𕒺, and 2.4 × 10𕒺, respectively, exceeding the acceptable inhalation risk level (1.0 × 10𕒺) set by the US Environmental Protection Agency for each element. Higher atmospheric trace element concentrations in summer were due to high temperatures that increased atmospheric turbulence, leading to a greater amount of re-suspended dust from roads and blowing sand particles. These findings can be used by relevant authorities while developing regulations and strategies for developing air quality management to improve the health of pilgrims;however, larger prospective studies are required to estimate ECR in different seasons.

关键词： Carcinogens Trace Elements Particulate Matter PM10

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Variations of Hair Trace Element Contents in Diabetic Females

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第1期5卷 49-56页

作者： Saleh A. K. Saleh sameer H. fatani Heba M. Adly Altaf A. Abdulkhaliq Hiba S. Al-Amodi Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Umm Al-Qura University Makkah KSA Oncology Diagnostic Unit Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

Background: Alterations of trace elements, could induce metabolic disorders as they forthwith participating in the metabolic pathways and play different roles modulating it as well as many enzymes require trace elements for their activation and functions. Of these elements, selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) have been recognized as essentials for metabolism. Hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus are important causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and their global prevalence are growing from 2.8% in 2000 projecting to be 4.4% in 2030. Diabetes is prevalent in Saudi Arabia with high incidence in urbanized areas and its prevalence is estimated to expand 3 times by 2030. Patients and Methods: In total, 75 diabetic women and 80 aberrantly healthy women were recruited. Clinical and familial history was recorded. Hair Se, Zn, Cu and Mn levels were analyzed as well as fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Results: Our findings revealed a marked decrease of Zn and Mn levels in diabetic women hair compared to control group (p < 0.05, p <0.005 respectively). Otherwise, Se and Cu levels were significantly elevated in hair of diabetic patients (p < 0.005, p <0.05 respectively). Conclusion: Diabetes may disrupt the trace elements balance as well as their alterations can affect glucose metabolism and insulin action. Chronic hyperglycemia can cause disturbance of some trace elements which, in turn, can modulate glucose homeostasis. The metabolic dysregulation occurring in hyperglycemia may influence trace element status by increasing excretion, diminishing availability or redistribution of trace elements among different body pools. Hair trace elements can be useful long-term markers for metabolic disturbance;however, larger prospective studies are required to validate their role in diagnosis and follow up applications.

关键词： Hair Trace Elements Diabetes Mellitus Women Saudi Arabia

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