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RSPO2 as Wnt signaling enabler: Important roles in cancer development and therapeutic opportunities

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 788-806页

作者： Ankit Srivastava Deeksha Rikhari sameer Srivastava Department of Biotechnology Motilal Nehru National Institute of TechnologyAllahabadUttar Pradesh 211004India

R-spondins are secretory proteins localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies and are processed through the secretory *** the R-spondin family,RSPO2 has emanated as a novel regulator of Wnt signaling,which has now been acknowledged in numerous in vitro and in vivo *** is an abnormal growth of cells that proliferates and spreads uncontrollably due to the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic factors that constitutively activate Wnt signaling in various types of *** cancer (CRC) begins when cells in the colon and rectum follow an indefinite pattern of division due to aberrant Wnt activation as one of the key ***-long progress in research on R-spondins has demonstrated their oncogenic function in distinct cancer types,particularly *** a critical regulator of the Wnt pathway,it modulates several phenotypes of cells,such as cell proliferation,invasion,migration,and cancer stem cell ***,RSPO mutations,gene rearrangements,fusions,copy number alterations,and altered gene expression have also been identified in a variety of cancers,including *** this review,we addressed the recent updates regarding the recurrently altered R-spondins with special emphasis on the RSPO2 gene and its involvement in potentiating Wnt signaling in *** addition to the compelling physiological and biological roles in cellular fate and regulation,we propose that RSPO2 would be valuable as a potential biomarker for prognostic,diagnostic,and therapeutic use in CRC.

关键词： CRC Gene fusion R-Spondins RSPO2 Therapeutics Wnt signaling

AI-Driven Learning Management Systems:Modern Developments, Challenges and Future Trends during theAge of ChatGPT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3289-3314页

作者： sameer Qazi Muhammad Bilal Kadri Muhammad Naveed Bilal AKhawaja Sohaib Zia Khan Muhammad Mansoor Alam Mazliham Mohd Su’ud Department of Computer Science Faculty of EngineeringScience and TechnologyIQRA UniversityKarachi75500Pakistan College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical EngineeringIslamic University of MadinahP.O.BOX 170Madinah41411Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical EngineeringIslamic University of MadinahP.O.BOX 170Madinah41411Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing Riphah International UniversityIslamabad46000Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics(FCI)Multimedia University Cyberjaya63100Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology School of Computer ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia

COVID-19 pandemic restrictions limited all social activities to curtail the spread of the *** foremost and most prime sector among those affected were schools,colleges,and *** education system of entire nations had shifted to online education during this *** shortcomings of Learning Management Systems(LMSs)were detected to support education in an online mode that spawned the research in Artificial Intelligence(AI)based tools that are being developed by the research community to improve the effectiveness of *** paper presents a detailed survey of the different enhancements to LMSs,which are led by key advances in the area of AI to enhance the real-time and non-real-time user *** AI-based enhancements proposed to the LMSs start from the Application layer and Presentation layer in the form of flipped classroom models for the efficient learning environment and appropriately designed UI/UX for efficient utilization of LMS utilities and resources,including AI-based *** layer enhancements are also required,such as AI-based online proctoring and user authentication using *** extend to the Transport layer to support real-time and rate adaptive encrypted video transmission for user security/privacy and satisfactory working of *** also needs the support of the Networking layer for IP-based geolocation features,the Virtual Private Network(VPN)feature,and the support of Software-Defined Networks(SDN)for optimum Quality of Service(QoS).Finally,in addition to these,non-real-time user experience is enhanced by other AI-based enhancements such as Plagiarism detection algorithms and Data Analytics.

关键词： Learning management systems chatbots ChatGPT online education Internet of Things(IoT) artificial intelligence(AI) convolutional neural networks natural language processing

Noscapine shows antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7,its clinical isolate Pf140/SS,and Plasmodium berghei ANKA

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 350-358页

作者： Swaraj Kumar Babu sameer Maharana Satyaranjan Chhatria Dibya Ranjan Sahoo Ashirbad Nanda Satish Kanhar Prativa KBehera Sanjib Mohanty Pradeep Kumar Naik Praveen Kishore Sahu Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics Department of Biotechnology and BioinformaticsSambalpur UniversityJyoti ViharSambalpur OdishaIndia Department of Molecular Biology and Infectious Diseases Community Welfare Society HospitalRourkelaOdishaIndia Molecular&Immunology Laboratory Infectious Disease Biology UnitIspat General HospitalRourkelaOdishaIndia Department of Pharmacy Centurion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswarOdishaIndia

Objective:To evaluate the antimalarial activity of noscapine against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain(Pf3D7),its clinical isolate(Pf140/SS),and Plasmodium berghei ANKA(PbA).Methods:Using ring-stage survival assay,phenotypic assessments,and SYBR-green-based fluorescence assay,the antimalarial activities of noscapine were assessed compared with dihydroartemisinin(DHA)in in vivo and in vitro *** addition,hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests were carried out to evaluate its ***-PCR assay was also conducted to determine the effect of noscapine on papain-like cysteine protease Plasmodium falciparum falcipain-2(PfFP-2).Results:The antimalarial efficacy of noscapine against Pf3D7 and Pf140/SS was comparable to DHA,with IC50 values of(7.68±0.88)and(5.57±0.74)nM/mL,respectively,and>95%inhibition of PbA infected *** also showed a safe profile,as evidenced by low hemolysis and cytotoxicity even at high ***,PfFP-2 expression was significantly inhibited in both noscapine-treated Pf3D7 and Pf140/SS(P<0.01).Conclusions:Noscapine has antimalarial properties comparable to standard antimalarial DHA with better safety profiles,which may be further explored as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of malaria.

关键词： Malaria Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium berghei Noscapine Antimalarial Dihydroartemisinin Cytotoxicity Falcipain-2

Comparative Study of Exhaust Emissions from Diesel and Syngas Powered 3.5 kW Compression Ignition Engine with and without Load

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第8期12卷 30-46页

作者： Benson Kariuki Paul Njogu Joseph Kamau Robert Kinyua sameer Bachani Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology Nairobi Kenya Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technical University of Mombasa Mombasa Kenya

Despite diesel engines being highly efficient, with low fuel consumption and reduced carbon dioxide emissions, they emit relatively high levels of particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) due to high exhaust gas temperatures. Engine emissions show the quality and completeness of combustion. This paper aims to present the results of a study comparing exhaust emissions from a diesel and syngas powered engine. Syngas was produced from co-firing coal and biomass in a gasifier then cleaned, cooled and applied as an alternative fuel in an engine operated from 0 - 100% load. Exhaust-emissions were monitored at this load conditions. The exhaust-temperature was measured using thermocouples and the emission gases were analyzed using Testo 350. The emissions were lower and decreased as the engine load increased, except for sulphur dioxide and NOx. The study shows that levels of carbon monoxide, were higher in a range of 46.5 - 80.2%, while carbon dioxide was 3.3 - 18% higher compared to those from diesel. Hydrocarbon emissions were 480 and 1250 ppm for diesel and syngas respectively. The study reveals that the engine operates optimally at higher loads since hydrocarbons and oxides of carbon are low due to complete combustion at higher temperatures. Exhaust gas temperature was higher in the syngas fuel and increased as the engine load increased in the range of 455.83 - 480.03˚C which influenced the formation of NOx. NOx from diesel was found to be higher, ranging from 32.5 - 40.5%, compared to those from syngas with an engine load of 75%. The study observed that relative to diesel, the emissions of sulfur dioxide at 50% engine load were lower in a range of 23.7 - 57.1%. Emissions of hydrocarbons depended on the degree of substitution of diesel and engine load. The study therefore shows that, relative to diesel, emissions decreased when syngas was used with upgraded syngas from Prosporis juliflora presenting as the best alternative followed by Hyphanae compressa, and last

关键词： Emissions Engine Load Temperature Neat-Diesel Syngas

Is it necessary to stop glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists prior to endoscopic procedure? A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第26期30卷 3221-3228页

作者： Haider Ghazanfar Nismat Javed Abeer Qasim Franklin Sosa Faryal Altaf Shazia Khan Jaydeep Mahasamudram Abhilasha Jyala sameer Datta Kandhi Dongmin Shin Nikhitha Mantri Haozhe Sun Siddarth Hanumanthu Harish Patel Jasbir Makker Bhavna Balar Anil Dev Sridhar Chilimuri Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineBronxCare Health SystemIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiBronxNY 10457United States Department of Internal Medicine BronxCare Health SystemIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiBronxNY 10457United States

BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RA)are effective in diabetes and obesity,reducing hyperglycemia by increasing insulin release and delaying gastric ***,they can cause gastroparesis,raising concerns about aspiration during *** guidelines advise discontinuing GLP-1 RA before surgery to reduce the risk of pulmonary *** To evaluate the effect of GLP-1 RAs on gastric residual contents during endosco-pic *** A retrospective chart review at BronxCare Health System,New York,from January 2019 to October 2023,assessed gastric residue and aspiration in GLP-1 RA patients undergoing endoscopic *** groups were compared based on dietary status before the *** included demographics,symptoms of gastroparesis,opiate use,hemoglobin A1c,GLP-1 agonist indication,endo-scopic details,and aspiration *** SPSS was used for analysis,cal-culating means,standard deviations,and applying Pearson’s chi-square and t-tests for associations,with P<0.05 as being *** During the study,306 patients were included,with 41.2%on a clear liquid/low residue diet and 58.8%on a regular diet before *** patients(63.1%)were male,with a mean age of 60±12 *** majority(85.6%)were on GLP-1 RAs for diabetes,and 10.1%reported digestive symptoms before *** those on a clear liquid diet,1.5%had residual food at endoscopy compared to 10%on a regular diet,which was statistically significant(P=0.03).Out of 31 patients with digestive symptoms,13%had residual food,all from the regular diet group(P=0.130).No complications were reported during or after the *** The study reflects a significant rise in GLP-1 RA use for diabetes and obesity.A 24-hour liquid diet seems safe for endoscopic procedures without *** with upper gastrointestinal symptoms might have a higher residual food risk,though not statistically *** research is needed

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists Gastroparesis Endoscopic procedures Residual food Complications

Utility of Preoperative Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Localizing Perforator Vessels of Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第4期13卷 275-284页

作者： Alexandra McMillan sameer A. Alvi Zaid Al-Qurayshi Zachary Fleishacker Nitin A. Pagedar Marisa R. Buchakjian Department of Otolaryngology University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City IA USA Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery North Shore University Health System Evanston IL USA Pritzker School of Medicine The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA

Objectives: The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is often considered the workhorse in soft tissue reconstruction of head and neck defects secondary to trauma, infection, or tumor resection. Despite its many advantages, ALT flaps have been criticized due to variability in vasculature, which may result in inadequate or non-existent perforators. This retrospective study aims to investigate the utility and validity of positron emission tomography (PET) scan to identify the location and characteristics of perforators to the ALT flap. Methods: We performed a 10-year retrospective review of ALT flaps at our institution to identify patients with preoperative PET scans available for analysis. Three reviewers (attending physician, fellow, and resident) were asked to identify the number, location, and characteristics (myocutaneous versus septocutaneous) of ALT perforators on imaging, and reviewer agreement was assessed. Results were then compared to available operative data. Results: One hundred twenty-one patients were identified who underwent ALT free flap surgery. Thirty-eight preoperative PET scans were identified for review. At least one perforator was identified in 92.1% of scans. Agreement percentages regarding the number of perforators ranged from 53% - 61% whereas agreement regarding the location of a single perforator ranged from 79% - 90%. However, reviewers did not agree regarding the type of perforator, with agreement ranging from 34% - 53%. Poor agreement was observed when compared to intraoperative data, with the number of perforators ranging from 26% - 34% and the type of perforator 11% - 24%. These findings are likely due to insufficient data available in operative reports. Conclusion: Although initial studies suggest that PET scan shows promising evidence to support the capacity to preoperatively identify ALT perforators, future prospective studies are warranted to fully validate these findings.

关键词： Anterolateral Thigh Flaps Positron Emission Tomography Head and Neck Defects Perforator Mapping

Seasonal Abundance and Diversity of Birds of Prey and Owls in Al Wathba Wetland Reserve in Abu Dhabi, UAE

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 228-244页

作者： Shakeel Ahmed Salim Jáved Shahid B. Khan Eissa Al Hammadi Abdullah Al Hammadi Nouf sameer Alqadi Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Inland wetlands in Abu Dhabi Emirate are wintering and stopover sites for migratory birds of prey. We conducted long-term regular monitoring surveys in Al Wathba Wetland Reserve (AWWR) from January 1995 to December 2022. Both diurnal and occasionally nocturnal surveys were undertaken to record the migratory raptors and owls in the Wetland Reserve. During the study, a total of 1282 regular monitoring visits were undertaken and 27 species of diurnal raptors and owls representing five families and three orders were detected. These represent 57% of the total species of birds of prey recorded in the UAE. Overall, 63% of all the species that we observed were Accipitriformes followed by 26% Falconiformes and 11% Strigiformes. We found that changes in mean daily temperature have a positive effect on raptor species diversity and abundance in the Wetland Reserve. The species encounter rate was higher in low temperature as compared to high temperature and overall regression equation was statistically significant F (4, 1126) = 8.49), p = 0.00). However, the numbers of raptors did not vary significantly across the years (p = 0.51). Western Marsh-harrier (Circus aeruginosus) and Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) were recorded to be the most abundant species in the wetland reserve followed by Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). However, the encounter rate of globally threatened Greater Spotted Eagle was detected to have significantly decreased since 2016. Moreover, 63% of the species detected were uncommon and rarely recorded such as 1) Saker Falcon 2) Lanner Falcon 3) Long-eared Owl & Merlin, which were the rare records from the wetland reserve. Furthermore, 27 years of regular monitoring in the wetland have yielded diverse diurnal raptors and owl fauna (H) = 0.83, (E) = 1.43 (Shannon Diversity Index). The results demonstrate that long-term monitoring surveys in arid environments are essential to determine the trends in the raptor populations and to document rare and globally

关键词： Wetland Reserve Raptors Abundance Diversity Abu Dhabi Inland Wetland AWWR Greater Spotted Eagle

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正在崛起的全球供应链新兴力量

董事会 2024年第7期 18-19页

作者： sameer Hasija 王梦菲(编译) 不详

着眼新兴技术和能力建设,所谓“印太地区”国家可能在全球价值链中发挥越来越大的作用。利用好现有优势,并加强合作,有助于提高增长质量在过去5年中,保护主义、区域化和疫情等重塑了价值链。特别是,疫情和地缘政治的动态揭示了经济体之... 详细信息

着眼新兴技术和能力建设,所谓“印太地区”国家可能在全球价值链中发挥越来越大的作用。利用好现有优势,并加强合作,有助于提高增长质量在过去5年中,保护主义、区域化和疫情等重塑了价值链。特别是,疫情和地缘政治的动态揭示了经济体之间更深层次的相互联系。这些全球动态并没有导致各国的主体地位变化,只是导致了全球供应链的重组。尽管阻力很大,但中国的主导地位基本没有动摇。

关键词：全球价值链地缘政治保护主义主体地位全球供应链新兴力量现有优势区域化

Knowledge and attitude on childhood cancer survivorship among healthcare trainees:a multicentre study from India

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 34-43页

作者： Amritesh Grewal Bhavik Bansal Chetanya Mittal Hardik Gupta Archana Sasi Prasanth Ganesan Aashima Dabas Puneet Sahi Lakshmi Ramamoorthy Hmar Thiak Lalthanthuami Jaikumar Ramamoorthy Arwachi Sindhu Suyash Arora Anumeha Bhukya Muthumani Hepzibah Kanchana Devi Karthick Krishnamurthy Sanjeet K Rai Nikhil Mehta Komal Antil sameer Bakhshi Shuvadeep Ganguly Medical Student All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Medical Oncology Dr.B.R.A.Institute Rotary Cancer HospitalAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Medical Oncology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPuducherryPuducherryIndia Department of Pediatrics Lok Nayak HospitalNew DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Pediatrics Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew DelhiDelhiIndia College of Nursing Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPuducherryPuducherryIndia Department of Pediatrics Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPuducherryPuducherryIndia Medical Student Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Surgical Disciplines All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiDelhiIndia College of Nursing All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiDelhiIndia

Background The proportion of childhood cancer survivors(CCS)in low/middle-income countries(LMICs)is *** often develop several physical and psycho-social long-term adverse effects,with unique healthcare *** healthcare providers(primary care physicians(PCPs)),especially in LMICs,are often not equipped to handle survivorship *** study aimed to assess knowledge,and attitude among trainee healthcare providers concerning major issues of paediatric survivorship *** A multi-centre,cross-sectional,questionnaire-based study was conducted among nursing and medical undergraduate students,and postgraduate medical residents across three tertiary-care teaching hospitals in India—All India Institute of Medical Sciences,New Delhi;Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research,Puducherry;and Maulana Azad Medical College,New Delhi.A questionnaire with total of 24 questions(14 knowledge-based and 10 attitude-based)was finalised after validation by expert review and *** major domains covered in the questionnaire included knowledge and attitude regarding long-term adverse effects and psychosocial,employment-related issues faced by the *** was administered to the study participants *** knowledge-based questions had true/false responses(scored as 0 or 1 if incorrect or correct,respectively).Attitude-based questions were scored as 5-point Likert *** Total 898 responses were collected(median age:21 years,64%(576/898)female).Among the respondents,44%were undergraduate medical students,42%were nursing students and 14%were postgraduate medical *** mean(SD)of knowledge score was 8.72(2.04)(out of 14).On multivariable analysis,only discipline of training predicted knowledge scores regarding survivorship *** medical residents(9.08)as well as undergraduate medical students(8.85),had significantly higher mean knowledge scores than nursing students(8.47)(p=0.004).Two questions were

关键词： centre handle false