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北京体育大学学报 2015年第6期38卷 48-54页

作者： russell r.pate.Jennifer r.O'Neill William h.Brown Kerry L.McIver Erin K.howie Marsha Dowda 南卡罗来纳州大学 columbiasc29208

本文目的是回顾与3～5岁儿童体力活动有关的重要研究问题。本文将从三个主要研究领域进行分析：健康效果、体力活动模式、干预和政策。研究的主要问题包括：确定体力活动的健康效果,确定体力活动对保持健康体重的影响,探明体力活动对学... 详细信息

本文目的是回顾与3～5岁儿童体力活动有关的重要研究问题。本文将从三个主要研究领域进行分析：健康效果、体力活动模式、干预和政策。研究的主要问题包括：确定体力活动的健康效果,确定体力活动对保持健康体重的影响,探明体力活动对学习和行为习惯的影响,以及静坐行为对健康的影响。与体力活动模式相关的研究问题包括3～5岁儿童满足现有体力活动推荐量的情况;影响体力活动的社会和环境因素,包括家庭、幼儿园、社区环境;体力活动如何对学龄儿童期、青少年时期和成年以后产生影响。关于干预和政策方面的研究问题包括确定在家庭、保育机构、社区环境最有效的促进体力活动的干预策略,以及不同幼儿适用的干预方案;确定有效的干预手段和宣传策略;制定有效的能够增加幼儿体力活动水平的国家、州、地方和机构的政策。总之,全面了解体力活动对3～5岁儿童健康的影响,以便于掌握该群体的体力活动特点,探索如何促进幼儿的体力活动。

关键词：保育机构健康干预政策

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Prognostic impact of the Bismuth-Corlette classification:higher rates of local unresectability in stageⅢb hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第2期19卷 157-162页

作者： Michael J Passeri Maria r Baimas-George Jesse K Sulzer David A Iannitti John B Martinie Erin h Baker Lee M Ocuin Dionisios Vrochides Division of hPB Surgery Department of SurgeryCarolinas Medical Center1025 Morehead Medical Dr.Suite 600CharlotteNC 28204USA

Background:The Bismuth-Corlette(BC)classification is used to categorize hilar cholangiocarcinoma by proximal extension along the biliary *** the right hepatic artery crosses just behind the left bile duct,we hypothesized that BCⅢb tumors would have a higher likelihood of local unresectability due to involvement of the contralateral ***:A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database identified patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma taken to the operating room for intended curative resection between April 2008 and September *** were assigned BC stages based on preoperative ***:Sixty-eight patients were included in the *** underwent staging laparoscopy after which 16 cases were aborted for metastatic *** the remaining 52 cases,14 cases were explored and aborted for locally advanced ***-eight underwent attempt at curative *** exclud-ing cases aborted for metastatic disease,the chance of proceeding with resection was 55.6%for BCⅢb staged lesions compared to 80.0%of BCⅢa lesions and to 82.4%for BCⅠ-Ⅲa staged lesions(Pre aborted for locally advanced disease versus 17.6%of remaining BC ***:When hilar cholangiocarcinoma is preoperatively staged as BCⅢb,surgeons should antici-pate.higher rates of locally unresectable disease,likely involving the right hepatic artery.

关键词： Bismuth-Corlette stage Cholangiocarcinoma Biliary tract surgical procedures Biliary tree Liver surgery

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An overview of the latest developments in facial imaging

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Forensic Sciences research 2019年第1期4卷 10-28页

作者： Carl N.Stephan Jodi M.Caple Pierre Guyomarc'h Peter Claes Laboratory for human Craniofacial and Skeletal Identification(huCS-ID Lab) School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia Unite Mixte de recherche(UMr)5199 De la Préhistoireàl'Actuel:Culture Environnement et Anthropologie(PACEA)Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication(MCC)Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)Universitéde BordeauxPessacFrance Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering(ESAT)/Processing of Speech and Images(PSI)KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Medical Imaging research Center(MIrC) Universitair ZiekenhuisLeuvenBelgium

Facial imaging is a term used to describe methods that use facial images to assist or facili-tate human identification. This pertains to two craniofacial identification procedures that use skulls and faces—facial approximation and photographic superimposition—as well as face-only methods for age progression/regression, the construction of facial graphics from eye-witness memory (including composites and artistic sketches), facial depiction, face mapping and newly emerging methods of molecular photofitting. Given the breadth of these facial imaging techniques, it is not surprising that a broad array of subject-matter experts partici-pate.in and/or contribute to the formulation and implementation of these methods (includ-ing forensic odontologists, forensic artists, police officers, electrical engineers, anatomists, geneticists, medical image specialists, psychologists, computer graphic programmers and software developers). As they are concerned with the physical characteristics of humans, each of these facial imaging areas also falls in the domain of physical anthropology, although not all of them have been traditionally regarded as such. This too offers useful opportunities to adapt established methods in one domain to others more traditionally held to be disciplines within physical anthropology (e.g. facial approximation, craniofacial super-imposition and face photo-comparison). It is important to note that most facial imaging methods are not currently used for identification but serve to assist authorities in narrowing or directing investigations such that other, more potent, methods of identification can be used (e.g. DNA). Few, if any, facial imaging approaches can be considered honed end-stage scientific methods, with major opportunities for physical anthropologists to make meaningful contributions. Some facial imaging methods have considerably stronger scientific underpin-nings than others (e.g. facial approximation versus face mapping), some currently lie ent

关键词： Forensic anthropology craniofacial identification facial approximation photographic superimpos-ition facial depiction age progression facial composites molecular photofitting

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对参与生物医学研究者给予经济补偿对青少年及其父母的影响

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 38-39页

作者： Scherer D.G. Brody J.L. Annett r.D. 平智广 114 Simpson hall College of Education University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM 87131 United States Dr.

Objective: To examine the impact of financial compensation on pediatric asthm a research participation decision- making and determine whether perceptions of fair compensation differed for parents and adolescents, lower and higher income participants, and compensation- informedand uninformed participants in minimal and above minimal risk researc h. Study design: Adolescents (n = 36) with asthma and their parents reviewed 7 p ediatric asthma research protocols, decided whether they would choose to partici pate. and provided estimates of “ fair" compensation for their participation. C hi- square, analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance were used to deter mine the affects of compensation on participation and whether various respondent s differed in the perceptions of fair compensation. results: Financial compensat ion did not affect participation decisions. Estimates of fair compensation were lower for adolescents, lower income respondents, and participants who were na ve about potential compensation. Fair compensation estimates were higher than ac tual compensation for minimal risk studies and lower for above minimal risk stud ies. Conclusions: Financial compensation may be a minor consideration in pediatr ic research participation decision- making. Still, differences in how pediatric researchers and their prospective participants judge fair compensation create t he potential for undue influence. Pediatric researchers should use caution when determining a reasonable financial compensation for research participation.

关键词：医学研究者认知方面儿科研究方差分析研究工作

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