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Performance and Trends in Measles Case-Based Surveillance in the North West Region of Cameroon, 2009 to 2015

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第6期10卷 37-55页

作者： Wasu Chrispus Nchandone Ginette Claude Mireille Kalla Njamnshi Alfred Kongnyu same ekobo albert Assob Nguedia Jules Clement Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Regional Technical Group for the Expanded Programme on Immunization RTG-EPI Regional Delegation of Public Health for the North West Region of Cameroon Bamenda Cameroon Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Neurology Central Hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease associated with high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. As an infection with no specific treatment, its control is most importantly through vaccination and adequate disease surveillance. National immunization coverage for the first dose of measles/rubella vaccine in 2019 was 71%. As a result, measles continues to rage with outbreaks not sparing the North West Region (NWR) of Cameroon, hence the need for proper surveillance. Objective: Assess performance of measles case-based surveillance in the NWR of Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with retrospective collection of measles surveillance records carried out at the Regional Delegation of Public Health from 2009 to 2015. The data collected using a structured form were: number of persons suspected of measles;number of persons reported to district service;number of persons whose samples were collected and forwarded to the laboratory;number whose results reached the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) Central unit and the time lapse between successive phases. Results: Although not all planned activities were carried out, a constant increase in planned and carried out monitoring activities was found. The average time taken from onset of signs and symptoms in a measles case to consultation at a health facility, from consultation to notification of case to district service, from notification to investigation, from investigation to receipt of biological sample at laboratory, from receipt of sample to provision of results to the EPI Central unit, and from collection of sample to reception of results at the Central EPI unit was 2.59 days, 1.5 days, 1.5 days, 2.6 days, 4 days and 6.6 days respectively. Conclusion: There was an overall rising trend in the performance of measles case-based surveillance, although the high priority site visits witnessed a stagnation during the period, a large scale measles epidemic occurred (2

关键词： Measles Case-Based Surveillance Performance Trends

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Pattern of Uncomplicated Malaria Treatment and Antimalarial Prescription Practices among Health Workers in the Littoral Region of Cameroon: An Assessment of Ten Years Post-Malaria Treatment Policy Change

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2016年第6期7卷 217-225页

作者： Thomas Kuete Emmanuel Essono Mvoa Jacques Yinyang Aurelien Epanya Priso Patrice Cordier Gougue Chamabe Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo albert same ekobo Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon National Roll Back Malaria Committee Yaoundé Cameroon

Following highly prevalent Plasmodium resistant strains to antimalarial monotherapies in malaria endemic countries, uncomplicated malaria treatment policy changed to artemisinine-based combination therapies (ACTs). After adoption of this new treatment policy in a country, sufficient care is needed to be taken to prevent occurrence of resistance to the latest drugs. As Cameroon shifted to ACT in 2004, this study aimed to assess knowledge and practices of health workers in government health facilities of the Littoral region regarding mild malaria management in health facilities as well as according to prescription qualities of ACTs in leaflets received in pharmacies. A total of 66 physicians and 16 nurses were questioned in 10 health facilities and 503 medical leaflets with ACTs prescriptions were viewed in 17 pharmacies. All medical workers questioned correctly were defined mild malaria and were aware of the antimalarial policy change in Cameroon. Overall ACTs prescription for mild malaria management in children and adult patients was 72.2% and 87.8% respectively. An important proportion of health workers prescribed antimalarial monotherapies and non recommended antimalarial for uncomplicated malaria treatment. 31.7% of participants did not systematically recommend laboratory diagnostic test before antimalarial prescription. Of leaflets viewed in pharmacies, ACTs were prescribed by physicians, nurses and laboratory technicians. Age was the only criteria for ACTs prescription. Appropriate ACTs quality prescription ranged between 81.2% and 94.4%. Of the ACTs prescribed, blisters had the highest (92.9%) appropriate quality prescription and solutions the lowest (83.3%). According to qualification of prescribers, physicians had the highest score (93.1%) of appropriate quality prescription and laboratory technicians the lowest score (28.1%). For all ACTs containing medical leaflets, concomitant medications were recorded namely antipyretic (73.9%), antibiotic (21.9%), non s

关键词： Uncomplicated Malaria Knowledge Treatment Antimalarial Prescriptions Quality Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies

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Hematological Profile and Risk Factors of Anemia in Pregnant Women: A Cross Sectional Descriptive and Analytical Study in Douala Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第7期9卷 968-980页

作者： Essome Henri Mve Koh Valere Esuh Esong Lucas Penda Ida Calixte Claudia Melioge Ngalame Tocki Toutou Grace albert same ekobo Carole Else Eboumbou Moukoko Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Laquintine Hospital of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicines and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Teaching Hospital Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Department of Paediatrics Laquintinie Hospital of Douala Douala Cameroon

During pregnancy, the hematological system undergoes numerous changes so as to meet up with the demands of the developing fetus and placenta, with major alterations in blood volume and this differs with women from different regions. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the hematological parameters and risk factors for anemia among pregnant women according to different trimesters of pregnancy in Douala, Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2017, and all pregnant women who attended antenatal visits during our study period and who suited our inclusion criteria were recruited. The study was carried out in the antenatal care Unit of the Douala Laquintinie Hospital (DLH). A pretested questionnaire was used for the necessary data collection. Venous blood was collected from each of these women to perform a Complete Blood Count (CBC) test using an automated hematological analyzer (URIT 3010). Data were analyzed using XLSTAT 2007 and Stata version 11 software. Results: The mean age of the participants was 28 (SD = 5 years). The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 22% with a majority (18.4%) of these women being mildly anemic. Mean Hemoglobin values were significantly higher among women in first trimester compared to the third (12.1 ± 0.9 g/dl vs 11.8 ± 1.3 g/dl;p = 0.043). There was also a significant change in mean hematocrit (HCT) values between the first and second trimester (32.8% ± 2.5% vs 31.4% ± 2.9%, p = 0.004) and between the first and third trimester (32.8% ± 2.5% vs 30.8% ± 3.5%, p -4). RBC count value was higher in the first trimester than in the second trimester (3.7 ± 0.3 × 1012/L vs 3.5 ± 0.4 × 1012/L, p -4) and in the third trimester (3.7 ± 0.3 × 1012/L vs 3.5 ± 0.4 × 1012/L, p = 0.001). After a multivariate analysis, the following categories of women had more odds of developing anemia;women between the age range of 30 - 35 (OR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.16 - 6.81, p = 0.023), women in the second trimester of p

关键词： Hematological Profile Pregnant Women Anemia Risk Factors Cameroon

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