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Comparison of gliclazide vs linagliptin on hypoglycemia and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第12期13卷 1168-1183页

作者： Viswanathan Mohan Subhash Wangnoo sambit das Rajnish Dhediya Kumar Gaurav Department of Diabetes Madras Diabetes Research Foundation&Dr Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties CentreChennai 600086Tamil NaduIndia Department of Diabetes Apollo Hospital Education and Research FoundationNew Delhi 110001India Department of Endocrinology Endeavour ClinicsBhubaneswar 750017India Medical Affairs Dr.Reddy’s Laboratories LtdHyderabad 500016India

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated cardiovascular safety of glimepiride(a sulfonylureas) against dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor ***(another newer sulfonylureas) has shown similar glycemic efficacy and 50% decreased risk of hypoglycemia compared to *** Considering the absence of cardiovascular outcome trials for gliclazide, we decided to conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the cardiovascular(CV) safety by assessing the risk for major adverse CV events and hypoglycemia risk of gliclazide vs linagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2D).METHODS This systematic review followed the current Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to analyze all the clinical studies published from 2008 that compared the two drugs in patients with T2D with no risk of CV disease(CVD). We included only evidence designated high quality by the Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine-Levels of *** Eight clinical studies were included in the narrative descriptive analysis(gliclazide: 5 and linagliptin: 3). The CV safety of gliclazide in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation trial and of linagliptin in the Cardiovascular and Renal Microvascular Outcome Study With Linagliptin(CARMELINA) and CARdiovascular Outcome study of LINAgliptin vs glimepiride in patients with T2D(CAROLINA)trials were excluded from the comparative analysis as these trials demonstrated CV and hypoglycemia benefits in patients at high risk of CVD. However, since these are landmark trials,they were discussed in brief to show the CV benefits and low hypoglycemia risk of gliclazide and linagliptin. We did not find any study comparing gliclazide with linagliptin. Hence, direct comparison of their major adverse CV events and hypoglycemia risk could not be carried ***, the literature meeting the inclusion criteria showed that b

关键词： Linagliptin Gliclazide Hypoglycemia Major cardiovascular adverse events Type 2 diabetes

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Geomorphological evidence inconvenient for the antecedent rivers of the Arun and Tista across the Himalayan range

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 3001-3017页

作者： NAKATA Takashi KUMAHARA Yasuhiro NAIK sambit Prasanajit SAKAI Harutaka Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences Hiroshima UniversityHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8522Japan Active Fault and Earthquake Hazard Mitigation Research Center Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513South Korea Department of Petroleum Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India Graduate School of Science Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8502Japan

The Arun and Tista Rivers,which flow across the Himalayas,are commonly known as antecedent valleys that overcame the rapid uplift of the Higher Himalayan *** clarify whether the idea of antecedent rivers is acceptable,we investigated the geomorphology of the Himalayas between eastern Nepal and Bhutan *** southern part of Tibetan Plateau,extending across the Himalayas as tectonically un-deformed glaciated terrain named as'Tibetan Corridor,'does not suggest the regional uplift of the Higher *** 8,000-m class mountains of Everest,Makalu,and Kanchenjunga are isolated residual peaks on the glaciated terrain composed of mountain peaks of 4,000–6,000 m *** Tibetan glaciers commonly beheaded by Himalayan glaciers along the great watershed of the Himalayas suggest the expansion of Himalayan river drainage by *** the narrow upstream regions of the Arun and Tista Rivers with less precipitation behind the range,it is hard to collect enough water for the power of down-cutting their channels against the uplifting *** fission track ages of the Higher Himalayan Crystalline Nappe suggest that the Himalayas attained their present altitude by 11–10 Ma,and the Arun and Tista Rivers formed deep gorges across the Himalayas by headward erosion.

关键词： Himalaya Antecedent river Geomorphology AW3D30 DSM Glacier piracy

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Effect of eccentric and inclined loading on the bearing capacity of strip footing placed on rock mass

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 292-312页

作者： Shuvankar das Debarghya CHAKRABORTY Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal-721302India

This paper deals with the bearing capacity determination of strip footing on a rock mass in hilly area by considering the influence of inclined and eccentric loading. Applying the generalized HoekBrown failure criterion, the failure behavior of the rock mass is modeled with the help of the power cone programming in the lower bound finite element limit analysis framework. Using bearing capacity factor(Ns), the change in bearing capacity of the strip footing due to the occurrence of eccentrically inclined loading is presented. The variations of the magnitude of Ns are obtained by examining the effects of the Hoek-Brown rock mass strength parameters(uniaxial compressive strength(sci), disturbance factor(D), rock parameter(mi), and Geological Strength Index(GSI)) in the presence of different magnitudes of eccentricity(e) and inclination angle(λ) with respect to the vertical plane, and presented as design charts. Both the inclined loading modes, i.e., inclination towards the center of strip footing(+λ) and inclination away from the center of strip footing(-λ), are adopted to perform the investigation. In addition, the correlation between the input parameters and the corresponding output is developed by utilizing the artificial neural network(ANN). Additionally, from sensitivity analysis, it is observed that inclination angle(λ) is the most sensitive parameter. For practicing engineers, the obtained design equation and design charts can be beneficial to understand the bearing capacity variation in the existence of eccentrically inclined loading in mountain areas.

关键词： Eccentric and inclined Power cone programming Rock mass Limit analysis Artificial neural network

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A Cocktail of Natural Compounds Holds Promise for New Immunotherapeutic Potential in Head and Neck Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 42-51页

作者： Sunil Kumar Asmita das Department of Biotechnology Delhi Technological UniversityDelhi(110042)India

Objective: To obtain detailed understanding on the gene regulation of natural compounds in altering prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSC). Methods: Gene expression data of HNSC samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of HNSC patients were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO). Differential gene expression analysis of GEO datasets were achieved by the GEO2R tool. Common differentially expressed gerres(DEGs) were screened by comparing DEGs of HNSC with those of PBMCs. The combination was further analyzed for regulating pathways and biological processes that were affected. Results: Totally 110 DEGs were retrieved and identified to be involved in biological processes related to tumor regulation. Then 102 natural compounds were screened for a combination such that the expressions of all 110 commonly DEGs were altered. A combination of salidroside, ginsenoside Rd, oridonin, britanin, and scutellarein was chosen. A multifaceted, multi-dimensional tumor regression was showed by altering autophagy, apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammatory cytokines production. Conclusions: This study has helped develop a unique combination of natural compounds that will markedly reduce the propensity of development of drug resistance in tumors and immune evasion by tumors. The result is crucial to developing a combinatorial natural therapeutic cocktail with accentuated immunotherapeutic potential.

关键词： natural compounds chemopreventive gene expression head and neck cancer immunomodulator salidroside ginsenoside Rd oridonin britanin scutellarein

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Boulder-induced form roughness and skin shear stresses in a gravel-bed stream

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 346-360页

作者： das Ratul DATTA Akash Civil Engineering Department National Institute of Technology AgartalaAgartala-799046India

Boulder spacing in mountain rivers and near-wake flow zones within the boulder array is very useful for fish habitat and growth of aquatic *** present study aims to investigate how the boulder array and spacing influence the near-bed flow structures in a gravel-bed *** are staggered over a gravel-bed stream with three different inter-boulder spacing namely(a)large(b)medium and(c)small *** acoustic Doppler velocimeter was used for flow measurements in a rectangular channel and the results were compared with those acquired from numerical *** time-averaged velocity profiles at the near-wake flow zones of boulders experience maximum flow retardation which is an outcome of the boulder-induced form *** ratio of velocity differences associated to form and skin roughness and its positive magnitude reveals the dominance of form roughness closest to the *** roughness computed is 1.75 to 2 times higher than the skin roughness at the near-wake flow *** particular,the collective immobile boulders placed at different inter-boulder spacings developed high and low bed shear stresses closest to the *** low bed shear stresses characterised by a secondary peak developed at the trough location of the boulders is attributed to the skin shear ***,the spatial averaging of time-averaged flow quantities gives additional impetus to present an improved illustration of fluid shear *** formation of form-induced shear stress is estimated to be 17%to 23%of doubleaveraged Reynolds shear stress and partially compensates for the damping of time-averaged Reynolds shear stress in the interfacial *** quadrant analysis of spatial velocity fluctuations depicts that the form-induced shear stresses are dominant in the interfacial sub-layer and have no significance above the gravel-bed surface.

关键词： Array of boulders Near wake flow zones Velocity distributions Skin roughness Form induced shear stresses

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A machine learning approach for the prediction of pore pressure using well log data of Hikurangi Tuaheni Zone of IODP Expedition 372,New Zealand

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 225-231页

作者： Goutami das Saumen Maiti Machine Learning and Geocomputing Laboratory Department of Applied GeophysicsIIT(ISM)Dhanbad826004JharkhandIndia

Pore pressure(PP)information plays an important role in analysing the geomechanical properties of the reservoir and hydrocarbon field *** prediction is an essential requirement to ensure safe drilling operations and it is a fundamental input for well design,and mud weight estimation for wellbore ***,the pore pressure trend prediction in complex geological provinces is challenging particularly at oceanic slope setting,where sedimentation rate is relatively high and PP can be driven by various complex *** overcome these difficulties,an advanced machine learning(ML)tool is implemented in combination with empirical *** empirical method for PP prediction is comprised of data pre-processing and model establishment ***'s method and Porosity method have been used for PP calculation of the well U1517A located at Tuaheni Landslide Complex of Hikurangi Subduction zone of IODP expedition ***-ray,sonic travel time,bulk density and sonic derived porosity are extracted from well log data for the theoretical framework *** normal compaction trend(NCT)curve analysis is used to check the optimum fitting of the low permeable zone *** statistical analysis is done using the histogram analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient matrix with PP data series to identify potential input combinations for ML-based predictive model *** dataset is prepared and divided into two parts:Training and *** PP data and well log of borehole U1517A is pre-processed to scale in between[-1,+1]to fit into the input range of the non-linear activation/transfer function of the decision tree regression *** Decision Tree Regression(DTR)algorithm is built and compared to the model performance to predict the PP and identify the overpressure zone in Hikurangi Tuaheni Zone of IODP Expedition 372.

关键词： Well log Pore pressure Machine learning(ML) IODP Hikurangi Tuaheni Zone IODP Expedition 372

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Krüppel-like factor 2(KLF2),a potential target for neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2327-2328页

作者： Surajit Hansda Prateeksha Prateeksha Hiranmoy das Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jerry H.Hodge School of PharmacyTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterAmarilloTXUSA

Neurological disorders and injuries lead to the impairment or depletion of neurons in terms of quantity,structure,or function,resulting in the loss of cognitive,emotional,and physical abilities in human ***,in turn,accompanies the shortfall of valuable human resources and economic potential,causing a detriment to *** these challenges,therefore,becomes imperative not only from a humanitarian perspective but also as a means of preserving human capital and bolstering economic prosperity.

关键词： companies injuries potential

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Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin, cecal metabolites production, microbial ecology, and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1578-1589页

作者： Razib das Pravin Mishra Birendra Mishra Rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Dietary supplementation of xylooligosac charides(XOS) has been found to influence gut health by manipulating cecal microbiota and producing microbe-origin *** no study investigated and compared the effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose(XOS2) and xy lotriose(XOS3) in *** study investigated the effect of in ovo feeding of these XOS compounds on post-hatch gut health parameters in chickens.A total of 144 fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups:a) non-injected control(CON),b) XOS2,and c) *** the 17^(th) embryonic day,the eggs of the XOS2 and XOS3 groups were injected with 3 mg of XOS2 and XOS3 diluted in 0.5 mL of 0.85% normal saline through the amniotic *** hatching,the chicks were raised for 21 *** was collected on d 14 to measure plasma *** digests were collected for measuring short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) on d 14 and 21,and for microbial ecology and microbial metabolic pathway analyses on d 7 and *** The results were considered significantly different at P<*** quantified plasma IgA and IgG on d 14chickens,revealing no differences among the *** chromatography results showed no significant differences in the concentrations of cecal SCFAs on d 14 but significant differences on d ***;the SCFA concentrations were lower in the XOS3 than in the CON group on d *** cecal metagenomics data showed that the abundance of the family Clostridiaceae significantly decreased on d 7,and the abundance of the family Oscillospiraceae increased on d 21 in the XOS2 compared to the *** was a reduction in the relative abundance of genus Clostridium sense stricto 1 in the XOS2 compared to the CON on d 7 and the genus Ruminococcus,torques in both XOS2 and XOS3 groups compared to the CON on d *** XOS2 and XOS3 groups reduced the genes for chondroitin sulfate degradation Ⅰ and L-histidine degradation Ⅰpathways,which contribute to improved gut health,respectivelyc in the micr

关键词： Broiler In ovo Metagenomics Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides

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Trace fossil evidences of an Early Miocene paleoseismic event and depositional regime change from the Kutch(Kachchh) Basin

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 165-180页

作者： Ayush Srivastava Sudipta dasgupta Krishanu Chatterjee Mohuli das Bombay Ichnos Research Group Department of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Technology Bombay(lIT Bombay)PowaiMumbaiMaharashtra400076India

Unconsolidated siliciclastic sediments can undergo post-burial deformation, which leads to the formation of distinctive sedimentary structures, known as soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS). The presence of a series of sand volcanoes confined to a particular lithostratigraphic horizon can represent a paleoseismic activity and, thereby, exemplifies the concept of “seismite”. The Kutch Basin has been a tectonically active region since the initiation of eastern Gondwana rifting followed by a tectonic inversion during the Cenozoic due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. A stratum-bound series of sand volcanoes belonging to the Khari Nadi Formation(KNF) is exposed along the banks of Khari River. They separate the shallow marine deposits below and non-marine deposits above with their characteristic marine and paleosol trace fossil suites, respectively. Although a seismogenic origin has been much debated for the SSDS,the ichnofabric analysis of the sand-volcano-bearing stratum unequivocally points toward such an origin under a shallow seafloor condition. In addition to the sedimentary regime change from an open shallow-marine setting to a continental depositional environment concomitant with basinal uplift, the behavior of the burrowing crustaceans testifies to a syn-depositional development of a fault network associated with the fluidization, sand volcanism, and the resilience of the trace-producers in surviving those processes until the sedimentary regime change in the overlying strata. Although the ichno-sedimentological evidence apparently differs from the previous works that proposed a continuous base-level rise from the beginning of deposition of the Khari Nadi Formation up to the middle part of the overlying Chhasra Formation, the paleoseismic activity,its ichnologic signature, and the depositional regime change refer to a higher-resolution(i.e., lower-order)sequence-stratigraphic change causing a short-duration regression within a longer-durat

关键词： Sand volcano Seismite Ichnology Khari Nadi Formation Kutch Basin Kachchh Basin

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A rare co-occurrence of spontaneous pneumomediastinum,pneumothorax,and pneumoperitoneum:Macklin effect

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 246-248页

作者： Renaldo Pavrey Nikita Makwana Nisha das Centre for Accident and Emergency Medicine Nanavati Max Super Specialty HospitalMumbai 400050India

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is characterized by free air or gas located within the mediastinum that is not associated with any noticeable cause,such as chest trauma,intrathoracic infections,surgery,other organ... 详细信息

关键词： rupture trauma infections

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