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Impact of Extraction on Biochemical Properties and Antioxidant Potential of Momordica charantia L. Seeds’ Oil

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 147-164页

作者： balde samba Ayessou Nicolas Cyrille Khadim Niane Bou Ndiaye Mady Cisse Codou Mar Diop Centre d’Etude sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et les Molécules fonctionnelles (CESAM) Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Fann Sénégal

In this study, the influence of provenance and extraction methods on the physicochemical properties and the antioxidant potential of M. charantia seeds oil were evaluated. The oil is obtained on the one hand by cold extraction with hexane and on the other hand by hot extraction with soxhlet. The results obtained show that the extraction yield is significantly impacted by the extraction methods and the origin of the seeds. In addition, the soxhlet extraction gives a higher oil yield (32.07 ± 0.01). Cold extraction has made it possible to obtain oils with less attenuated physicochemical characteristics. Indeed, the acid numbers are high in the oils extracted by soxhlet (5.92 ± 0.25;4.25 ± 0.62 and 13.86 ± 0.83) than in those cold extracted with very low peroxide for all the oils obtained. On the other hand, the iodine and refractive indices are high in oils obtained cold (91.58 ± 0.85;100.74 ± 0.03 and 102.08 ± 0.28) (1.53 ± 0.01;1.52 ± 0.01 and 1.52 ± 0.01) with low saponification indices. The polyphenol concentrations and the anti-free radical activity are higher with the oils obtained cold (0.086 ± 0.001;0.08 ± 0.000 and 0.09 ± 0.01 mgEAG/g of oil) and (DPPH) (55.75% ± 1.16%;55.03% ± 0.72% and 56.35% ± 0.45%). The color parameters (L*, a* and b*) of the different oils extracted also vary depending on the extraction method used. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were performed on the physicochemical properties and the antioxidant potential of the extracted oils. Therefore, the results suggest cold extraction to obtain a good quality and oxidation resistant oil.

关键词： Momordica charantia Oil Antioxidant Potential Extraction

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Effects of Seed Pretreatment on Germination, Growth and Yield of Momordica charantiaL.

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第1期12卷 39-57页

作者： samba balde Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Antoine Sambou Khadim Niane Papa Guedel Faye Mady Cisse Codou Mar Diop Polytechnic Higher School Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Sénégal Center for Studies on Food Safety and Functional Molecules (CESAM) Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Sénégal Department of Agroforestry Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Sénégal

Momordica charantia is a plant species widely used in food and traditional medicine. However, the germination techniques and the performances of M. charantia are poorly understood by the populations. This study aims to better understand the germination, growth and development characteristics, and yield of M. charantia. Three pretreatments of the seeds are used for the shortening of the pre-germination period: soaking the seeds in tap water for 24 hours (batch 2), in hot water at 80˚C (batch 3), for 24 hours and in the boiling water at 100˚C for 24 hours (batch 4). A control without soaking (batch 1) was also carried out. The seeds were sown in plastic boxes in the laboratory with sterile sand and directly in the nursery in polyethylene sleeves. The influence of the light factor (light and dark) and watering frequency (every day and every two days) on the growth and yield parameters was evaluated respectively in the laboratory and in the nursery. Germination, growth and yield parameters were determined. The results show that the light and frequency of watering factors have no influence (p > 0.05) on the rate and duration of seed germination unlike pretreatments. Thus, Batch1 and 2 exhibit significantly higher germination rates (70% ± 16%) than Lots 3 and 4 (21% ± 15%) in the laboratory and in the nursery. On the other hand in terms of germination time, batch 3 and 4 displayed shorter durations (14 days) than those batch1 and 2 (23 days). Growth parameters and yield (fruit and seeds) are strongly influenced by watering frequency, unlike pretreatments which only affect yield. Growth and yield parameters are significantly higher with daily watering than daily watering. Ultimately, this study showed that pretreatments have an influence on the duration and rate of germination as well as the frequency of watering on the performance of M. charantia

关键词： Momordica charantia Germination Performance Yield

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Lycopen’s Stability in Watermelon Juice (Citrullus lanatus) Regarding to Technological Routes

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第7期12卷 693-702页

作者： Seid Ali Mahamat Khadim Niane Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Alioune Sow samba balde Oumar Ibn Khatab Cisse Matar Coume Adam Barka University Abeche Chad Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes Laboratory (LE3PI) ESP-UCAD Dakar Senegal Center for Studies on Food Safety and Functional Molecules (CESAM-RESCIF) ESP-UCAD Dakar Senegal Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal National Institute of Agronomic Sciences (INSA) Thies Senegal

Highly prized by consumers, watermelon is rich in water, but also in micronutrients including lycopene, pigment responsible for the red color. It is also a powerful antioxidant which has many virtues including the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. The transformation into nectar of watermelons combined with treatment could cause several modifications including the alteration of coloring. It is in this context that this study focuses on the variation of the lycopene content in nectars. Thus, nectars of 12°Brix and 15°Brix were prepared from three varieties of watermelon (Sugar Baby, Crimson Sweet and Charleston Gray). To study the stability, two pasteurization scales (85°C/15min and 95°C/15min) and one sterilization scale (105°C/15min) were applied to the different n

关键词： Citrullus lanatus Nectars Variety Thermal Treatment Micronutrient

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Proximate and Major Minerals Components of the Edible Pulp of Momordica charantiaFruit

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2020年第1期11卷 32-39页

作者： samba balde Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Oumar Ben Khatab Cisse Papa Guedel Faye Mady Cisse Codou Mar Diop Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Centre d’Etudes sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et les Molécules Fonctionnelles (CESAM) Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal

Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae), is a plant commonly used in traditional medicine in Senegal whose fruits are weakly consumed by the population. However, no data exists on the nutritional intake of the latter. This work aims to determine the physicochemical and biochemical characteristics of the pulp of Momordica charantia. The study focused on two lots of fruits from two geographically different regions of Senegal (Dakar and Fatick). The biochemical analyses of the pulp showed average values of protein from 2.39 ± 0.01 g/100 g to 3.19 ± 0.01 g/100 g;reducing sugar from 4.22 ± 0.10 g/100 g to 3.55 ± 0.10 g/100 g;totals sugar from 4.43 ± 0.02 g/100 g to 3.38 ± 0.58 g/100 g. The average contents of polyphenol and flavonoids were respectively from 1.91 ± 0.04 g/100 g to 1.04 ± 0.09 g/100 g and 32.59 ± 0.04 mg/100 g and 20.75 ± 1.19 mg/100 g. According to these results, the fruit of M. charantia may be considered as rich in antioxidant. At the opposite, it is very weak in mineral elements, such as calcium and potassium (1.01 mg/100 g;3.38 mg/100 g). Meanwhile, the seeds content 24% of lipids. Thus, investigations should be done on its biological proprieties, physical and biochemical components.

关键词： Momordica charantia Characterization Pulp

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The Eradication of the Immunodeficiency Virus Human (HIV/AIDS) Transmission from Mother-to-Child (ETMC) in the Maternity Ward at the Ratoma Medical Centre, Conakry, Guinea

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第5期9卷 715-721页

作者： Boubacar Siddi Diallo Mamadou samba Keita Ibrahima Sory balde Mamadou Hady Diallo Ibrahima Conte Ousmane balde Ibrahima Sylla Oumou Hawa Bah Moussa Kante Telly Sy Yolande Hyjazi Namory Keita University Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea University Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Objectives: The objectives of this article are to: 1) Determine the prevalence of parturient that escapes from the ETME, 2) Determine the rate of acceptability or non-acceptability of the HIV tests, 3) Describe the epidemiological profile and 4) Describe the factors explaining the lack of screening during pregnancy. Methodology: This report is based on an eventual descriptive study carried out in the Maternity Ward at the Ratoma Medical Centre for the past six months. The study took place over six (6) months from June 15 to December 15, 2016. The data were collected by individual interviews using a data collection sheet and prenatal consultation booklet that were administered to parturients in their language of comprehension. Each unscreened parturient received in the delivery room or in immediate postpartum received pre- and post-test HIV/AIDS counseling with immediate announcement of the outcome for all those who accepted the principle. For parturients who were in the active phase of work, counseling/testing was done in the immediate postpartum period. The data were manually collected from the pre-established fact sheets, captured using the Word, Excel and PowerPoint software packages of the 2007 Office and analyzed by the Epi-Info software (version 3.5.4). The limitations of the study were the lack of adequate room for the HIV testing council, the refusal of HIV testing by some parturients and the lack of achievement of CD4 levels in the hospital laboratory. Outcomes: The survey indicated that out of the 41.80% (177/423) of pregnant women that have recently given birth, ignore their HIV status. About 36.90% (66/177) rejected the screening and the 6.4% (7/111) that accepted were HIV/AIDS positive. The epidemiological study revolved around the following categories of women aged between 24 and 33 (42.85%), 1) Married (100%), 2) Housewives (57.14%), 3) Out-of-school (57.14), 4) Lack prenatal follow-up (42.85%), 5) Ignorance of the existence of HIV (71.42%). Reason In

关键词： Catch-Up HIV Work Room

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