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Optogenetic inhibition of medial prefrontal cortex projections to the nucleus accumbens core and methyl supplementation via L-methionine attenuates cocaine-primed reinstatement

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 795-803页

作者： Katherine N.WRIGHT Amanda m.DOSSAT Caroline E.STRONG Lindsay L.SAILER samantha m.pavlock mohamed KABBAJ Department of Biomedical Sciences and Program in Neuroscience Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA National Institute on Drug Abuse BaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Biomedical Sciences College of MedicineFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA

DNA methylation has been identified as a powerful and activity-dependent regulator of changes in the brain that may underlie neuroadaptations in response to various types of stimuli,including exposure to drugs of ***,the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)projections to the nucleus accumbens(NAc)are critically important for reinstated cocaine-seeking in a rodent model of cocaine *** circuitry undergoes several epigenetic modifications following cocaine exposure,including changes in DNA methylation that are associated with drug-seeking *** have previously shown that methyl supplementation via L-methionine(mET)administration attenuates cocaine-seeking behavior and reverses expression and methylation patterns of the immediate early gene c-fos,suggesting that mET may act by altering the excitability of this circuitry during cocaine *** the current study,male rats were microinjected with an adeno-associated virus overexpressing halorhodopsin in the mPFC,optical fibers were surgically implanted into the NAc,and the rats were given injections of mET *** underwent acquisition of cocaine self-administration(0.75 mg/kg/infusion,2-h sessions)followed by extinction training in the absence of drug-paired *** reinstatement tests were conducted:cue-induced reinstatement without optogenetic manipulations and cocaine-primed reinstatement with optogenetic inhibition of mPFC-to-NAc *** were no group differences before the cocaine-primed reinstatement session,and all groups showed robust cue-induced *** rats treated with mET and rats that received mPFC-to-NAc inhibition showed an abolishment of cocaine-primed reinstatement,suggesting that systemic methyl supplementation may act through this critical circuity.

关键词： cocaine-primed reinstatement corticolimbic DNA methylation methionine optogenetics

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Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger samantha J.Holdsworth Alistair J.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi mātai medical Research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain Research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

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Regrowth and neuronal protection are key for mammalian hibernation:roles for metabolic suppression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2027-2028页

作者： samantha m.Logan Kenneth B.Storey Institute of Biochemistry Departments of Biology and ChemistryCarleton UniversityOttawaONCanada

Thought experiment:you're starving,huddled in the fetal position in a hole in the ground,with no sense of the world around you,except that you are really,really *** fact,your internal temperature can go as low as–2.9... 详细信息

关键词： really fetal suppression

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more accurate reporting of surgical techniques would be SUPER

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第4期12卷 628-630页

作者： samantha m.Ruff Timothy m.Pawlik Division of Surgical Oncology Department of SurgeryThe Ohio State UniversityWexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA

Surgical education entails learning to care for patients in and out of the operating ***,this encompasses everything from the preoperative work-up to managing potential postoperative *** the operating room,surgical technique includes common,widely applicable skills,like how to square a knot,but also the more nuanced anatomical considerations of each operation,intra-operative decision-making,and ways to adapt when faced with the ***,surgical technique was taught through the apprenticeship model with knowledge passed down from attending to trainee and through textbooks written by surgical *** mode of learning/teaching is still the enduring structure of most residency programs.

关键词： Surgical technique reporting guidelines education

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Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening

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molecular Plant 2019年第6期12卷 863-878页

作者： Xin-Ran Li Renske m.A.Vroomans samantha Fox Veronica A.Grieneisen Lars Φstergaard Athanasius F.m.maree Crop Genetics John Innes Centre Norwich NR4 7UH UK Computational and Systems Biology John Innes Centre Norwich NR4 7UH UK Centre of Excellence in Computational and Experimental Developmental Biology Institute of Biotechnology University of Helsinki 00014 Helsinki Finland Cell and Developmental Biology John Innes Centre Norwich NR4 7UH UK School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AX Wales UK

The phytohormone auxin is implied in steering various developmental decisions during plant morphogenesis in a concentration-dependent *** maxima have been shown to maintain meristematic activity,for example,of the root apical meristem,and position new sites of outgrowth,such as during lateral root initiation and *** recently,it has been demonstrated that sites of auxin minima also provide positional *** the developingArabidopsis fruit,auxin minima are required for correct differentiation of the valve *** remains unclear,however,how this auxin minimum is generated and ***,we employ a systems biology approach to model auxin transport based on experimental *** allows us to determine the minimal requirements for its *** simulations reveal that two alternative processes-which we coin "flux-barrier" and "flux-passage"-are both able to generate an auxin minimum,but under different parameter *** models are in principle able to yield similar auxin profiles but present qualitatively distinct patterns of auxin *** models were tested by tissue-specific inducible ablation,revealing that the auxin minimum in the fruit is most likely generated by a flux-passage *** predictions were further supported through 3D PIN localization imaging and implementing experimentally observed transporter *** such an experimental-modeling cycle,we predict how the auxin minimum gradually matures during fruit development to ensure timely fruit opening and seed dispersal.

关键词： auxin mathematical modeling polar auxin transport fruit development systems biology of patterning

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HDAC inhibitors overcome immunotherapy resistance in B-cell lymphoma

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Protein & Cell 2020年第7期11卷 472-482页

作者： Xiaoguang Wang Brittany C.Waschke Rachel A Woolaver samantha m.Y.Chen Zhangguo Chen Jing H.Wang Department of Immunology and microbiology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusSchool of Medicine12800 E.19th AveMail Stop 8333AuroraCO 80045USA

Immunotherapy has been applied successully to treat B-cell lymphomas in preclinical models or clinical ***,immunotherapy resistance is a major challenge for B-cell lymphoma *** overcome this issue,combinatorlal therapeutic strategies have been pursued to achieve a better efficacy for treating B-cell *** of such strategies is to combine immunotherapy with histone deacetylase(HDAC)*** inhibitors can potentially increase tumor immunogenicity,promote antitumor immune respon-ses,or reverse immunosuppressive tumor ***,the combination of HDAC inhibitors and immunotherapy has drawn much attention in current cancer ***,not all HDAC inhibitors are created equal and their net effects are highly dependent on the specific inhibitors used and the HDACs they ***,we suggest that optimal treatment effh-cacy requires personalized design and rational combination based on prognostic biomarkers and unique profiles of HDAC ***,we discuss the possible mechanisms by which B-cell lymphomas acquire immunotherapy resistance and the effects of HDAC inhibitors on tumor cells and immune cells that could help overcome immunotherapy resistance.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy HDAC inhibitor B-cell lymphomas anti-PD1 resistance tumor immunogenicity

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Non-Canonical Functions of the E2F/DP Pathway with Emphasis in Plants

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第2期90卷 307-330页

作者： Víctor A.Sánchez-Camargo samantha Romero-Rodríguez Jorge m.Vázquez-Ramos Facultad de Química Departamento de BioquímicaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoAvenida Universidad y CopilcoCiudad de México04510México Plant Development and(Epi)Genetics Group Swammerdam Institute for Life SciencesUniversiteit van AmsterdamAmsterdam1098XHNetherlands

The E2F/DP pathway is a widely conserved regulatory mechanism in pluricellular *** family of E2F and DP transcription factors was originally described having a role in the transition from the G1 to the S phase of the cell ***,the discovery of hundreds of possible gene targets and their involvement in many other biochemical processes,soon showed that they participated in cell development and differentiation,chromatin remodeling,DNA repair and *** E2F/DP transcription factors can act as either activators or repressors of transcription depending on their association to other regulatory proteins,particularly the retinoblastoma protein,or even depending to their protein structure that can define their *** plants the E2F/DP pathway also regulates endoreduplication,a process present along the life cycle,from organ elongation to root differentiation and *** transcription factors also help plant cells to respond to environmental disturbances such as those caused by different types of radiation,or by *** review focuses on the“so called”non-canonical functions of the E2F/DP family proteins in animal and plant cells,that are in fact essential activities that connect regulatory circuits among multiple metabolic pathways by means of their atypical functions.

关键词： E2F DP transcription factors atypical functions plant cells

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Does orthotics use improve comfort,speed and injury rate during running?Preliminary analysis of a randomised control trial

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 652-661页

作者： Alice E Fortune Jonathan m G Sims samantha J Rhodes George Ampat School of medicine University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GEUnited Kingdom Research Unit Talita Cumi LtdSouthport PR83NSUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the effectiveness of using orthotics in improving comfort,increasing running speed and helping to reduce injury rate during running is limited and *** the increasing popularity of running is the increasing rate of running-related injuries(RRIs).Further research into whether orthotics could be used to help reduce RRIs would be highly beneficial for those ***,there is a need to clarify whether orthotics use increases comfort during running and helps improve running *** To investigate whether running with Aetrex Orthotics improves comfort and performance and reduces injury whilst *** Runners were recruited on a voluntary basis if they were 18 or older with no serious health conditions,ongoing foot pain or deformity,previous foot surgery in their lifetime or any surgery in the past 6 *** were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control *** participants were asked to complete runs and provide quantitative data regarding comfort during running,running time and distance,and any RRIs over an 8-wk study *** in the intervention group ran with Aetrex L700 Speed Orthotics,whilst participants in the control group ran without *** than the addition of orthotics for participants in the intervention group,all participants were asked to run as they usually *** report presents preliminary data from the first 47 participants recruited for this *** speed was calculated from running distance and time and given in miles per *** each outcome variable,the mean for each group,effect size and 95%confidence interval were calculated,and a t-test was performed to determine if between-group differences were statistically *** Data for all three primary outcomes was provided from a total of 254 runs by the 23 participants in the intervention group and a total of 289 runs by the 24 participants in the control ***

关键词： Running Foot orthoses Running related injuries Pain Patient comfort Athletic performance

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Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Critical Covid-19 in Adolescents

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第11期43卷 1723-1723页

作者： samantha m Olson From the Covid-19 Response Team Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O. A.M.P. L.D.Z. A.P.C. M.M.P.) and the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.) — both in Atlanta the Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain Medicine Boston Children’s Hospital (M.M.N. A.G.R.) and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) — both in Boston the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville (N.B.H.) the Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Immunization Project Texas Children’s Hospital Houston (J.A.B. L.C.S.) and the Department of Pediatrics Division of Critical Care Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Children’s Medical Center Dallas Dallas (M.M.) the Division of Infectious Diseases Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology University of Southern California Los Angeles (P.S.P.) the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine UC San Diego–Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego (M.A.C.) the Division of Critical Care Medicine UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland (N.Z.C.) and the Department of Pediatrics Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplant University of California San Francisco San Francisco (M.S.Z.) — all in California Section of Pediatric Critical Care Department of Pediatrics Arkansas Children’s Hospital Little Rock (K.I.) the Department of Pediatrics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children’s Hospital Chapel Hill (T.C.W. S.P.S.) the Department of Pediatrics Section of Critical Care Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado Aurora (A.B.M.) the Division of Pediatric Critical Care medicine Medical University of South Carolina Charleston (E.H.M.) the Department of

Background:The increasing incidence of pediatric hospitalizations associated with coronavirus disease 2019(Covid-19)caused by the B.1.617.2(delta)variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in the United States has offered an opportunity to assess the real-world effectiveness of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine in adolescents between 12 and 18 years of ***:We used a case-control,test-negative design to assess vaccine effectiveness against Covid-19 resulting in hospitalization,admission to an intensive care unit(ICU),the use of life-supporting interventions(mechanical ventilation,vasopressors,and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation),or *** July 1 and October 25,2021,we screened admission logs for eligible case patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 at 31 hospitals in 23 *** estimated vaccine effectiveness by comparing the odds of antecedent full vaccination(two doses of BNT162b2)in case patients as compared with two hospitalbased control groups:patients who had Covid-19-like symptoms but negative results on testing for SARS-CoV-2(test-negative)and patients who did not have Covid-19-like symptoms(syndrome-negative).

关键词： vaccine doses acute

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Advantages of using the CRISPR/Cas9 system of genome editing to investigate male reproductive mechanisms using mouse models

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 623-627页

作者： samantha Am Young R John Aitken masahito Ikawa Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science Discipline of Biological Sciences Faculty of Scienceand IT University of Newcastle Callaghan NSWAustralia Animal Resource Centre for InfectiousDiseases Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka University Suita Osaka Japan.Correspondence: Prof. M Ikawa

Gene disruption technology has long been beneficial for the study of male reproductive biology. However, because of the time and cost involved, this technology was not a viable method except in specialist laboratories. The advent of the CRISPR/Cas9 system ofgene disruption has ushered in a new era of genetic investigation. Now, it is possible to generate gene-disrupted mouse models in very tittle time and at very little cost. 1his Highlight article discusses the application of this technology to study the genetics of male fertility and looks at some of the future uses of this system that could be used to reveal the essential and nonessential genetic components of male reproductive mechanisms.

关键词： Advantages investigate mechanisms

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