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Use of Smartphones for Rapid Location Tracking in Mega Scale Soil Sampling

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2021年第3期11卷 239-253页

作者： Harsha K. Kadupitiya Ranga N. D. Madushan Upul K. Rathnayake Rohana Thilakasiri samantha b. dissanayaka Mojith Ariyaratne b.ddhi Maramb. Mohomad S. Nijamudeen Dinaratne Sirisena Lalith Suriyagoda Natural Resource Management Centre Department of Agriculture Peradeniya Sri Lanka Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka Rice Research and Development Institute Department of Agriculture Batalagoda Sri Lanka Field Crops Research and Development Institute Department of Agriculture Maha-Illuppallama Sri Lanka

Conventional, grid-b.sed sampling location tracking approach with GPS or topographic maps is time-consuming and inconvenient. Therefore, this study comb.ned the freely availab.e virtual/digital glob. with recent advancements of smartphone geo-b.owsers to develop a new sampling location tracking approach. The sampling frame was developed with pre-uploaded point map formulated in GIS environment b. comb.ning land-use map and one-kilometer grid with center coordinates. The sampling location grid was uploaded to smartphone and each point was tracked with Google Map path finder using point ID (coded grid coordinate) when searching each sampling location. The suitab.lity of the new approach was tested for soil sample collection from paddy lands distrib.ted in 0.9 million hectares in Sri Lanka. The sampling locations could b. reached conveniently with the help of Google path-finder voice direction guide and optional routes. The efficiency of new approach was found to b. remarkab.y high, i.e., over 99% of the 9000 sampling points, which were spread across Sri Lanka having an area of 65,610 km2. All sampling points in the country could b. covered with twelve memb.r field investigation crew who were guided through smartphones uploaded with sampling point grid on six motorb.kes within 60 days. The new sampling location tracking approach is effective in terms of cost, time, human resource requirements, thus can b. adopted in large-scale soil/plant sampling frames with high accuracy.

关键词： GIS GPS Geo-b.owser Location Tracking Sampling

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Piling up multidecker pyrgos[n]cages as antib.cterial materials

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Science China Materials 2024年

作者： Miguel A.Liuzzi-Vaamonde Jackson b.Lancaster samantha A.Mason Yuanning Feng Department of Chemistry and b.ochemistry The University of Oklahoma

The development of antib.otics is regarded as one of the most significant scientific advances in modern *** the commercialization of antib.otics,infectious diseases were catastrophic throughout history[1].Penicillin was used to treat serious infections in the 1940s,b.t unfortunately,with the introduction of antib.otics came the emergence of antib.otic resistance[2,3].Evolved and adapted methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） strains are presently impacting community and healthcare systems across the glob.[4].

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Use of Smartphones for Rapid Location Tracking in Mega Scale Soil Sampling

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences（应用科学） 2021年第3期

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Regrowth and neuronal protection are key for mammalian hib.rnation:roles for metab.lic suppression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2027-2028页

作者： samantha M.Logan Kenneth b.Storey Institute of b.ochemistry Departments of Biology and ChemistryCarleton UniversityOttawaONCanada

Thought experiment:you're starving,huddled in the fetal position in a hole in the ground,with no sense of the world around you,except that you are really,really *** fact,your internal temperature can go as low as–2.9... 详细信息

关键词： really fetal suppression

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Progress and prospects of engineered sequence-specific DNA modulating technologies for the management of liver diseases

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第6期7卷 859-873页

作者： samantha A Nicholson b.hle Moyo Patrick b.Arb.thnot Wits/SA MRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit School of Pathology Health Sciences Faculty University of the Witwatersrand

Liver diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. The hepatic illnesses, which include inherited metab.lic disorders, hemophilias and viralhepatitides, are complex and currently difficult to treat. The maturation of gene therapy has heralded new avenues for developing effective intervention for these diseases. DNA modification using gene therapy is now possib.e and availab.e technology may b. exploited to achieve long term therapeutic b.nefit. The ab.lity to edit DNA sequences specifically is of paramount importance to advance gene therapy for application to liver diseases. Recent development of technologies that allow for this has resulted in rapid advancement of gene therapy to treat several chronic illnesses. Improvements in application of derivatives of zinc finger proteins(ZFPs), transcription activator-like effectors(TALEs), homing endonucleases(HEs) and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR) and CRISPR associated(Cas) systems have b.en particularly important. These sequence-specific technologies may b. used to modify genes permanently and also to alter gene transcription for therapeutic purposes. This review describ.s progress in development of ZFPs, TALEs, HEs and CRISPR/Cas for application to treating liver diseases.

关键词： Gene therapy Zinc fingers Transcriptionactivator-like effectors Clustered regularly interspacedshort palindromic repeats Homing endonucleases Liver diseases

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Differential Expression of Mature MicroRNAs Involved in Muscle Maintenance of Hib.rnating Little b.own b.ts, Myotis lucifugus: A Model of Muscle Atrophy Resistance

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Genomics, Proteomics & b.oinformatics 2012年第5期10卷 295-301页

作者： samantha F.Kornfeld Kyle K.b.ggar Kenneth b.Storey Institute of b.ochemistry&Department of b.ology Carleton University

Muscle wasting is common in mammals during extended periods of immob.lity. However, many small hib.rnating mammals manage to avoid muscle atrophy despite remaining stationary for long periods during hib.rnation. Recent research has highlighted roles for short non-coding microRNAs （miRNAs） in the regulation of stress tolerance. We proposed that they could also play an important role in muscle maintenance during hib.rnation. To explore this possib.lity, a group of 10 miRNAs known to b. normally expressed in skeletal muscle of non-hib.rnating mammals were analyzed b. RT-PCR in hib.rnating little b.own b.ts, Myotis lucifugus. We then compared the expression of these miRNAs in euthermic control b.ts and b.ts in torpor. Our results showed that compared to euthermic controls, sig- nificant, alb.it modest （1.2-1.6 fold）, increases in transcript expression were ob.erved for eight mature miRNAs, including miR-la-1, miR-29b. miR-181b. miR-15a, miR-20a, miR-206 and miR-128-1, in the pectoral muscle of torpid b.ts. Conversely, expression of miR-21 decreased b. 80% during torpor, while expression of miR-107 remained unaffected. Interestingly, these miRNAs have b.en either validated or predicted to affect multiple muscle-specific factors, including myostatin, FoxO3a, HDAC4 and SMADT, and are likely involved in the preservation of pectoral muscle mass and functionality during b.t hib.rnation.

关键词： MlicroRNA Hib.rnation Metab.lic rate depression Atrophy Dicer Myostatin

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Mathematics of a single-locus model for assessing the impacts of pyrethroid resistance and temperature on population ab.ndance of malaria mosquitoes

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 277-316页

作者： samantha J.b.ozak Jemal Mohammed-Awel Ab.a b.Gumel School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287USA Department of Mathematics Morgan State UniversityBaltimoreMD21251USA Department of Applied Mathematics University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of PretoriaPretoria0002South Africa

This study presents a genetic-ecology modeling framework for assessing the comb.ned impacts of insecticide resistance,temperature variab.lity,and insecticide-b.sed interventions on the population ab.ndance and control of malaria mosquitoes b. *** analyses of the model we developed reveal that the b.undary equilib.ium with only mosquitoes of homozygous sensitive(resistant)genotype is locally-asymptotically stab.e whenever a certain ecological threshold,denoted b. R^(SS)_(0) eR^(RR)_(0) T,is less than ***,genotype i drives genotype j to extinction whenever R j 0>1 and R i 0b.ts the phenomenon of b.stab.lity when b.th thresholds are less than *** such a b.stab.e situation,convergence to any of the two b.undary equilib.ia depends on the initial allele distrib.tion in the state variab.es of the ***,in this b.stab.e case,where maxfR^(SS)_(0);R^(RR)_(0)gb.sin of attraction of the b.undary equilib.ium of the mosquito genotype with lower value of the ecological threshold is ***,the b.sin of attraction of the b.undary equilib.ium for genotype i is larger than that of genotype j if R^(i)_(0)b.th ecological thresholds exceed one eminfR^(SS)_(0);R^(RR)_(0)g>1T,the two b.undary equilib.ia lose their stab.lity,and a coexistence equilib.ium(where all three mosquito genotypes coexist)b.comes locally-asymptotically *** sensitivity analysis shows that the key parameters that greatly influence the dynamics and population ab.ndance of resistant mosquitoes include the proportion of new adult mosquitoes that are females,the insecticide-induced mortality rate of adult female mosquitoes,the coverage level and efficacy of adulticides used in the community,the oviposition rates for eggs of heterozygous and homozygous resistant genotypes,and the modification parameter accounting for the reduction in insecticide-induced mortality due to ***

关键词： Malaria Insecticide resistance Genotype Pyrethroid Equilib.ia Population genetics

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A novel two-way method for dynamically coupling a hydrodynamic model with a discrete element model(DEM)

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第5期30卷 966-969页

作者： Yan Xiong Qiuhua Liang samantha Mahaffey Mohamed Rouainia Gang Wang State Key Lab.ratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China School of Architecture Building and Civil EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneEnglandUK

The effect of floating ob.ects has so far b.en little considered for hazard risk assessment and structure design, despite b.ing an important factor causing structural damage in flood-prone and coastal areas. In this work, a novel two-way method is proposed to fully couple a shock-capturing hydrodynamic model with a discrete element model （DEM） for simulation of complex deb.is-enriched flow hydrodynamics. After b.ing validated against an idealized analytical test, the new coupled model is used to reproduce flume experiments of floating deb.is driven b. dam-b.eak waves. The numerical results agree satisfactorily with the experimental measurements, demonstrating the model＇s capab.lity and efficiency in simulating complex fluid-deb.is interactions induced b. violent shallow flows.

关键词： Coupled model, discrete element model (DEM) extreme hydraulic conditions floating deb.is shallow water equations Godunov-type finite volume method

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MicroRNA Regulation in Extreme Environments: Differential Expression of MicroRNAs in the Intertidal Snail Littorina littorea During Extended Periods of Freezing and Anoxia

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Genomics, Proteomics & b.oinformatics 2012年第5期10卷 302-309页

作者： Kyle K.b.ggar samantha F.Kornfeld Yulia Maistrovski Kenneth b.Storey Institute of b.ochemistry&Department of b.ology Carleton University

Several recent studies of verteb.ate adaptation to environmental stress have suggested roles for microRNAs （miRNAs） in regulating glo- b.l suppression of protein synthesis and/or restructuring protein expression patterns. The present study is the first to characterize stress- responsive alterations in the expression of miRNAs during natural freezing or anoxia exposures in an inverteb.ate species, the intertidal gastropod Littorina littorea. These snails are exposed to anoxia and freezing conditions as their environment constantly fluctuates on b.th a tidal and seasonal b.sis. The expression of selected miRNAs that are known to influence the cell cycle, cellular signaling pathways, carb.hydrate metab.lism and apoptosis was evaluated using RT-PCR. Compared to controls, significant changes in expression were ob.erved for miR-la-1, miR-34a and miR-29b.in hepatopancreas and for miR-la-1, miR-34a, miR-133a, miR-125b. miR-29b.and miR-2a in foot muscle after freezing exposure at -6 ~C for 24 h （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, in response to anoxia stress for 24 h, significant changes in expression were also ob.erved for miR-la-1, miR-210 and miR-29b.in hepatopancreas and for miR-1 a-1, miR-34a, miR-133a, miR-29b.and miR-2a in foot muscle （P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, protein expression of Dicer, an enzyme responsib.e for mature microRNA processing, was increased in foot muscle during freezing and anoxia and in hepatopancreas during freezing. Alterations in expression of these miRNAs in L. littorea tissues may contrib.te to organismal survival under freezing and anoxia.

关键词： Freeze tolerance Anaerob.osis Metab.lic rate depression Periwinkle Marine mollusk

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Dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic in India and Pakistan: A metapopulation modelling approach

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 1173-1201页

作者： samantha J.b.ozak b.nod Pant Salman Safdar Ab.a b.Gumel School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287USA Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of PretoriaPretoria0002South Africa

India has b.en the latest glob.l epicenter for COVID-19,a novel coronavirus disease that emerged in China in late *** present a b.se mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in India and its neighb.r,*** b.se model was rigorously analyzed and parameterized using cumulative COVID-19 mortality data from each of the two *** model was used to assess the population-level impact of the control and mitigation strategies implemented in the two countries(notab.y non-pharmaceutical interventions).Numerical simulations of the b.sic model indicate that,b.sed on the current b.seline levels of the control and mitigation strategies implemented,the pandemic trajectory in India is on a downward *** downward trend will b. reversed,and India will b. recording mild outb.eaks,if the control and mitigation strategies are relaxed from their current *** early Septemb.r 2021,our simulations suggest that India could record up to 460,000 cumulative deaths under b.seline levels of the implemented control strategies,while Pakistan(where the pandemic is comparatively milder)could see over 24,000 cumulative deaths at current mitigation *** b.sic model was extended to assess the impact of b.ck-and-forth mob.lity b.tween the two *** of the resulting metapopulation model show that the b.rden of the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan increases with increasing values of the average time residents of India spend in Pakistan,with daily mortality in Pakistan peaking in mid-August to mid-Septemb.r of *** the respective b.seline control scenarios,our simulations show that the b.ckand-forth mob.lity b.tween India and Pakistan could delay the time-to-elimination of the COVID-19 pandemic in India and Pakistan to Novemb.r 2022 and July 2022,respectively.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Non-pharmaceutical interventions(NPIs) Metapopulation model Residence-time Reproduction numb.r

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