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Management of monogenic diabetes in pregnancy:A narrative review

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World journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 15-23页

作者： Mohammad Sadiq jeeyavudeen Sarah R murray Mark W j Strachan Metabolic Unit Western General HospitalEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom MRC Centre for Reproductive Health University of Edinburgh Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh EH164TJUnited Kingdom

Pregnancy in women with monogenic diabetes is potentially complex,with significant implications for both maternal and fetal *** these,maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY)stands out as a prevalent monogenic diabetes subtype frequently encountered in clinical *** subtype of MODY requires a distinct approach tailored to the pregnancy,diverging from management strategies in non-pregnant *** MODY(GCK-MODY)typically does not require treatment outside of pregnancy,but special considerations arise when a woman with GCK-MODY becomes *** glycemic targets in GCK-MODY pregnancies are not exclusively dictated by the maternal/paternal MODY genotype but are also influenced by the genotype of the developing *** pregnancy,the choice between sulfonylurea or insulin for treating hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha(HNF1A)-MODY and HNF4A-MODY depends on the mother’s specific circumstances and the available *** of other rarer MODY subtypes is individu-alized,with decisions made on a case-by-case ***,a collaborative approach involving expert diabetes and obstetric teams is crucial for the compre-hensive management of MODY pregnancies.

关键词： Diabetes Pregnancy Maturity-onset diabetes of the young Insulin Sulphonylurea Glucokinase Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha,hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta,and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha

Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)Model for Cancer Image Classification

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 401-441页

作者： Amit Singhal Krishna Kant Agrawal Angeles Quezada Adrian Rodriguez Aguiñaga samantha jiménez Satya Prakash Yadav Department of Computer Science&Engineering Raj Kumar Goel Institute of TechnologyGhaziabad201017India Department of School of Computing Science and Engineering Galgotias UniversityGreater Noida203201India Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Tijuana Baja California22414México Universidad Autónoma de Baja California TijuanaBaja California22414México Department of Computer Science and Engineering G.LBajaj Institute of Technology and Management(GLBITM)Affiliated to Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam Technical UniversityLucknow201306India School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology(SCSET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India

The use of Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)models becomes increasingly important for making decisions in smart healthcare *** is to make sure that decisions are based on trustworthy algorithms and that healthcare workers understand the decisions made by these *** models can potentially enhance interpretability and explainability in decision-making processes that rely on artificial ***,the intricate nature of the healthcare field necessitates the utilization of sophisticated models to classify cancer *** research presents an advanced investigation of XAI models to classify cancer *** describes the different levels of explainability and interpretability associated with XAI models and the challenges faced in deploying them in healthcare *** addition,this study proposes a novel framework for cancer image classification that incorporates XAI models with deep learning and advanced medical imaging *** proposed model integrates several techniques,including end-to-end explainable evaluation,rule-based explanation,and useradaptive *** proposed XAI reaches 97.72%accuracy,90.72%precision,93.72%recall,96.72%F1-score,9.55%FDR,9.66%FOR,and 91.18%*** will discuss the potential applications of the proposed XAI models in the smart healthcare *** will help ensure trust and accountability in AI-based decisions,which is essential for achieving a safe and reliable smart healthcare environment.

关键词： Explainable artificial intelligence artificial intelligence XAI healthcare cancer image classification

Seasonal resource selection of an arboreal habitatspecialist in a human-dominated landscape: A case studyusing red panda

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Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 1-11页

作者： Damber Bista Greg S.Baxter Nicholas j.Hudson Peter j.murray School of Agriculture and Food Sciences(Wildlife Science Unit) The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Agriculture and Environmental Science University of Southern QueenslandDarling HeightsQLD 4350Australia

Human-dominated landscapes provide heterogeneous wildlife habitat. Conservation of habitat specialists, like red pandas Ailurus fulgens, inhabiting such landscapes is challenging. Therefore, information on resource use across spatial and temporal scales could enable informed-decisionmaking with better conservation outcomes. We aimed to examine the effect of geo-physical, vegetation, and disturbance variables on fine-scalehabitat selection of red pandas in one such landscape. We equipped 10 red pandas with GPS collars in eastern Nepal in 2019 and monitoredthem for 1 year. Our analysis was based on a generalized-linear-mixed model. We found the combined effect of geo-physical, vegetation, anddisturbance variables resulted in differences in resource selection of red pandas and that the degree of response to these variables variedacross seasons. Human disturbances, especially road and cattle herding activities, affected habitat utilization throughout the year whereas othervariables were important only during restricted periods. For instance, geo-physical variables were influential in the premating and cub-rearingseasons while vegetation variables were important in all seasons other than premating. Red pandas selected steeper slopes with high solarinsolation in the premating season while they occupied elevated areas and preferred specific aspects in the cub-rearing season. Furthermore,the utilized areas had tall bamboo in the birthing and cub-rearing seasons while they also preferred diverse tree species and high shrub coverin the latter. Our study demonstrates the significance of season-specific management, suggests the importance of specific types of vegetationduring biologically crucial periods, and emphasizes the necessity to minimize disturbances throughout the year.

关键词： Ailurus fulgens anthropogenic disturbances habitat specialists habitat utilization resource use spatio-temporal variation vegetation

Early testing of insulin resistance: a tale of two lipid ratios in a group of 5th graders screened by the Coronary Artery Risk Detection in Appalachian Communities Project (CARDIAC Project)

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World journal of Pediatrics 2019年第4期15卷 398-404页

作者： Charles Ituka Mosimah Christa Lilly Awung-Njia Forbin Pamela j.murray Lee Pyles Elloise Elliot William Neal West Virginia University MorgantownUSA University of Yaounde I YaoundeCameroon

Background In West Virginia (WV),47% of fifth-grade children are either overweight or *** is no clear consensus regarding the definition of insulin resistance in children,and directly measuring insulin on the population level is *** proposed measures examined further in this study include triglyceride (TRIG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and TRIG/low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) *** purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between TRIG/HDL-C ratio,TRIG/LDL-C ratio and insulin resistance in fifth-graders with acanthosis nigricans (AN).Methods Between 2007 and 2016,52,545 fifth-grade students in WV were assessed for *** glucose and insulin levels were collected only for a sub-group of students who were AN-positive and was used to determine insulin resistance using the Homeostatic Model for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) *** analysis included t tests and logistic regression with receiver operating characteristic *** Of the students assessed for AN,4.5% (n =2360) tested *** prevalence of insulin resistance was 79% (n =814) among 1030 with AN and complete ***/HDL-C ratio and TRIG/LDL-C ratio were significantly associated with insulin resistance (TRIG/HDL-C:Est.=0.36,P < 0.0001,AUC =0.68;TRIG/LDL-C:Est.=0.87,P < 0.0001,AUC =0.69).Multivariate analysis showed that increased body mass index (Est.=0.05,P < 0.0001),gender (Est.=0.49,p < 0.0001) and TRIG/HDL-C ratio (Est.=0.21,P < 0.0001) were significantly associated with insulin *** TRIG/HDL-C is a better surrogate marker of insulin resistance in AN-positive children compared to TRIG/ LDL-C ratio;so,on a population-level,cholesterol rather than insulin may be obtained for preliminary testing of early insulin resistance in children.

关键词： Acanthosis nigricans CARDIAC Project High-density lipoprotein cholesterol Insulin resistance Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

Functional perspectives on tropical tree demography and forest dynamics

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： samantha j.Worthy Nathan G.Swenson Department of Biology University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Disentangling the processes that drive population,community and whole forest structure and dynamics is a *** becomes a grand challenge in the tropics where there are a large number of species,small population sizes,less research infrastructure,and a relatively smaller number of researchers compared to the temperate *** this grand challenge,we argue,requires detailed knowledge of the functioning of individuals and *** this end,researchers frequently employ plant functional traits to study tree populations and ***,we review this approach by first providing a basic background regarding the major trait axes generally of *** then discuss how these axes may be or have been applied from ecosystem to community and population *** doing so,we highlight where the functional trait research program has failed in tropical tree ecology and where it can be improved or ***,we provide a perspective regarding how functional trait and emerging‘omics approaches can be integrated to address large questions facing the *** intention throughout is to provide an entryway into this literature for an early career researcher rather than a comprehensive review of all possible studies that have taken place in tropical forests.

关键词： Demographic rate Functional diversity Functional trait Transcriptome Tropical forest Tropical rain forest

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汽车迈向“即插即用”

工业设计 2007年第8期 30-32,34+36+38页

作者： Charles j.murray

随着汽车设计的重点从机械转向电气,汽车制造商们正在研究如何让司机能够直接在汽车上连接使用移动消费品。

关键词：汽车工程师稳定控制系统汽车制造商移动消费角速度传感器安全系统娱乐化微控制器电子设备模块

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追踪未来电子业界的“杀手级应用”

工业设计 2007年第3期 35-39,6页

作者： Charles j.murray

未来产业繁荣将可能由那种能俘获男女老少的心,让穷人富人都能为之掏腰包的软件所推动。电子业界下一个“杀手级应用”目前仍是个谜。它可能在硅谷某个极普通的开发实验室内悄悄地展开,也可能在某位夜以继日苦苦思索的印度大学生脑内飞... 详细信息

未来产业繁荣将可能由那种能俘获男女老少的心,让穷人富人都能为之掏腰包的软件所推动。电子业界下一个“杀手级应用”目前仍是个谜。它可能在硅谷某个极普通的开发实验室内悄悄地展开,也可能在某位夜以继日苦苦思索的印度大学生脑内飞速运转着。

关键词：处理器自动驾驶模拟器件电子设备传感器应用软件杀手德州仪器医疗设备

A spectral response approach for detecting dominant phytoplankton size class from satellite remote sensing

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第2期29卷 14-32页

作者： Robert j W Brewin samantha j Lavender Nick j Hardman-Mountford Takafumi Hirata School of Marine Science and Engineering University of Plymouth UK ARGANS Ltd Plymouth UK Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) Plymouth UK National Centre for Earth Observation PMLPlymouthUK Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University NIOVV5kita-kuSapporo 060-0810 Japan National Centre for Earth Observation PMLPlymouthUK Graduate School of Environmental Earth ScienceHokkaido University NIOVV5kita-kuSapporo 060-0810Japan Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University NIOVV5kita-kuSapporo 060-0810Japan

An important goal in ocean colour remote sensing is to accurately detect different phytoplankton groups with the potential uses including the validation of multi-phytoplankton carbon cycle models; synoptically monitoring the health of our oceans, and improving our understanding of the bio-geochemical interactions between phytoplankton and their environment. In this paper a new algorithm is developed for detecting three dominant phytoplankton size classes based on distinct differences in their optical signatures. The technique is validated against an independent coupled satellite reflectance and in situ pigment dataset and run on the 10-year NASA Sea viewing Wide Field of view Sensor （SeaWiFS） data series. Results indicate that on average 3.6% of the global oceanic surface layer is dominated by microplankton, 18.0% by nanoplankton and 78.4% by pieoplankton. Results, however, are seen to vary depending on season and ocean basin.

关键词： phytoplankton size remote sensing absorption ocean colour SeaWiFS

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电池制造商致力于新型电动车电池的研发

工业设计 2007年第10期 32-34页

作者： Charles j.murray

电动车用电池又回来了,这一次它将面临着严峻的来自成本和安全性的双重挑战。然而它的使命已经不像十年前那样令人望而生畏了。

关键词：电动车电池汽车制造商车用电池纯电动车双重挑战内燃机锂离子电池安全性国家实验室系统公司