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Artificial light at night(ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology:insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 176-187页

作者： Han Li Pauline Allen Saige Boris samantha Lagrama Jade Lyons christina Mills Pauline Moussi casey Nichols carter Tacosik Mc Kenzie Tsaousis Nyzaya Livingston Wilson John F.Grider Kevin A.Parker Matina c.Kalcounis-Rueppell Department of Biology University of Nebraska Omaha Department of Biology University of North Carolina Greensboro colorado Parks and Wild-life Parker Ecology LLc Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta

Background The timing of behavior and habitat use of nocturnal animals can be influenced by the lunar cycle in nature. The prevalence of artificial light at night(ALAN) has been recognized as a source of environmental pol-lution. The interaction between ALAN and the lunar cycle on bat behavior is important for understanding anthro-pogenic effects on bats. We utilized a decade(2012–2022) of acoustic monitoring data collected in North carolina, United States, to investigate the relationship between bat activity, lunar cycle, and light pollution. We examined whether the amount of lunar illumination affected species-specific nightly activity and whether hourly bat activity patterns varied between nights with different moon phases. We further investigated if the relationship between bat activity and the lunar cycle might be altered by light *** We found that seven bat species showed activity variation across nights in relation to the amount of moon illumination when ALAN was absent. In general, bats were less active on full moon nights compared to new moon nights. Light pollution interacted with the bat–lunar relationship in five of the seven species, masking the effect of the lunar cycle. We identified delayed bat activity patterns on nights with a full or waxing moon in seven species, and light pollution altered that pattern in four species. Overall, ALAN was associated with decreased bat activity inde-pendent of lunar cycle *** Our study demonstrated that at a broad spatial scale, ALAN negatively affected many North American temperate bat species and altered their lunar chronobiology. As light pollution is spreading to historically dark areas and habitats, ALAN might couple with other threats, such as the white-nose syndrome or climate change, to cause cascading damage in the environment that depends on ecosystem services such as pest control provided by bats. We argue that further research and conservation actions are needed to mitigate

关键词： Artificial light at night ALAN Bats chiroptera chronobiology Light pollution Lunar cycle Moonlight

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Retrospective analysis of eFAST ultrasounds performed on trauma activations at an academic level-1 trauma center

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第1期11卷 12-17页

作者： samantha Shwe Lauren Witchey Shadi Lahham Ethan Kunstadt Inna Shniter John c.Fox School of Medicine University of CaliforniaIrvine 92697USA Department of Emergency Medicine University of CaliforniaIrvineOrangeCA 92868USA

BAcKGROUND:Point-of-care ultrasound(POcUS)has become increasingly integrated into the practice of emergency medicine.A common application is the extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma(eFAST)*** American college of Emergency Physicians has guidelines regarding the scope of ultrasound in the emergency department and the appropriate *** objective of this study was to conduct a review of performed,documented and billed eFAST ultrasounds on trauma activation ***:This was a retrospective review of all trauma activation patients during a 10-month period at an academic level-one trauma center.A list comparing all trauma activations was crossreferenced with a list of all billed eFAST *** records were reviewed to determine whether an eFAST was indicated,performed,and appropriately ***:We found that 1,507 of 1,597 trauma patients had indications for eFAST,but 396(27%)of these patients did not have a billed *** these 396 patients,87(22%)had documentation in the provider note that an eFAST was performed but there was no separate procedure *** remaining 309(78%)did not have any documentation of the eFAST in the patient’s chart although an eFAST was recorded and reviewed during ultrasound quality ***:A significant proportion of trauma patients had eFAST exams performed but were not documented or *** of documentation was *** ultrasound programs require appropriate reimbursement to support training,credentialing,equipment,quality assurance,and device *** study demonstrates a significant absence of adequate documentation leading to potential revenue loss for an emergency ultrasound program.

关键词： Point-of-care ultrasound Emergency medicine Focused assessment withsonography in trauma Trauma activation Blunt trauma

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Spearfishing-induced behavioral changes of an unharvested species inside and outside a marine protected area

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current Zoology 2016年第1期62卷 39-44页

作者： Diem samantha c. TRAN Katharine A. LANGEL Madison J. THOMAS Daniel T. BLUMSTEIN Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA90095-1606 USA

By prohibiting fishing, marine protected areas （MPAs） provide a refuge for harvested species. Humans are often perceived as predators by prey and therefore respond fearfully to humans. Thus, fish responses to humans inside and outside of an MPA can provide insights into their perception of humans as a predatory threat. Previous studies have found differences in the distance that har- vested species of fish initiate flight （flight initiation distance--FID） from humans inside and outside an MPA, but less is known about unharvested species. We focused on whether the lined bristle- tooth ctenochaetus striatus, an unharvested surgeonfish, can discriminate between a snorkeler and a snorkeler with a spear gun inside and outside of a no-take MPA in Mo＇orea, French Polynesia. Additionally, we incorporated starting distance （the distance between the person and prey at the start of an experimental approach）, a variable that has been found to be important in as- sessing prey escape decisions in terrestrial species, but that has not been extensively studied in aquatic systems. Lined bristletooth FID was significantly greater in the presence of a spear gun and varied depending on if the spear gun encounter was inside or outside of the MPA. These results imply a degree of sophistication of fish antipredator behavior, generate questions as to how a non- targeted species of fish could acquire fear of humans, and demonstrate that behavioral surveys can provide insights about antipredator behavior.

关键词： fear flight initiation distance learning marine protected area spearfishing starting distance.

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HDAc inhibitors overcome immunotherapy resistance in B-cell lymphoma

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Protein & cell 2020年第7期11卷 472-482页

作者： Xiaoguang Wang Brittany c.Waschke Rachel A Woolaver samantha M.Y.chen Zhangguo chen Jing H.Wang Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusSchool of Medicine12800 E.19th AveMail Stop 8333AuroraCO 80045USA

Immunotherapy has been applied successully to treat B-cell lymphomas in preclinical models or clinical ***,immunotherapy resistance is a major challenge for B-cell lymphoma *** overcome this issue,combinatorlal therapeutic strategies have been pursued to achieve a better efficacy for treating B-cell *** of such strategies is to combine immunotherapy with histone deacetylase(HDAc)*** inhibitors can potentially increase tumor immunogenicity,promote antitumor immune respon-ses,or reverse immunosuppressive tumor ***,the combination of HDAc inhibitors and immunotherapy has drawn much attention in current cancer ***,not all HDAc inhibitors are created equal and their net effects are highly dependent on the specific inhibitors used and the HDAcs they ***,we suggest that optimal treatment effh-cacy requires personalized design and rational combination based on prognostic biomarkers and unique profiles of HDAc ***,we discuss the possible mechanisms by which B-cell lymphomas acquire immunotherapy resistance and the effects of HDAc inhibitors on tumor cells and immune cells that could help overcome immunotherapy resistance.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy HDAc inhibitor B-cell lymphomas anti-PD1 resistance tumor immunogenicity

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Morphology, Phylogeny and culture characteristics of Ganoderma gibbosum collected from Kunming, Yunnan Province, china

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第3期89卷 743-764页

作者： Thatsanee Luangharn samantha c.kar.nar.thna Peter E.Mortimer Kevin D.Hyde Jianchu Xu Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China East and central Asia Regional Office World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF)Kunming650201China centre for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming650201China center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai57100Thailand

Ganoderma is a genus of medicinally and economically important mushrooms in the family *** species are popular medicinal mushrooms and their health benefits are *** is a cosmopolitan genus that is widely distributed in both tropical and temperate *** genus is characterized by its unique laccate or non-laccate species with double-walled ***,we report on eight collections of *** collected during surveys in Kunming,Yunnan Province,*** specimens are described and illustrated based on macro-and micro-morphological *** DNA of the eight *** strains were extracted using the Biospin Fungal Extraction Kit following manufacturer *** of the Internal Transcribed Spacer(nrITS)region was carried out using ITS5/ITS4 primers and LROR/LR5 for the nuclear ribosomal large subunit 28S rDNA gene(LSU).Phylogenetic analysis with closely related species to *** showed that all eight collections grouped with *** with 100%bootstrap *** similarity and morphological variations within the eight collections of *** are discussed.

关键词： chinese medicine medicinal mushroom morphology phylogeny

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Restructuring the lithium-ion battery:A perspective on electrode architectures

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eScience 2023年第4期3卷 12-19页

作者： samantha N.Lauro James N.Burrow c.Buddie Mullins Department of chemistry The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1224United States McKetta Department of chemical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1589United States Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712-1591United States

The lithium-ion battery(LIB)has enabled portable energy storage,yet increasing societal demands have moti-vated a new generation of more advanced *** the discovery and optimization of battery active ma-terials has been the subject of extensive study since the 1980s,the most disruptive advancements of commercial LIBs in the past decade stem instead from overall cell design and *** pursuit of higher energy density and fast-charging capability,strategies focused on tuning the properties of composite electrode architectures(e.g.,porosity,conductivity,tortuosity,spatial heterogeneity)by restructuring the inactive component matrix of LIB electrode films have recently garnered *** perspective explores recent advances in electrode design through an applied lens,emphasizing synthetic platforms and future research directions that are scalable,commercially feasible,and applicable to a wide range of active *** introduce and critically assess recently proposed strategies for structuring electrode architectures,including spatial gradients of local compo-sition and microstructure;metal-foil current collector alternatives;and electrode templating techniques,evalu-ating both achievements in battery performance and commercial *** with improved active materials,new electrode architectures hold promise to unlock next generation LIBs.

关键词： Electrodes composite films Batteries Microstructure Lithium-ion

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Molecular Detection of Pathogens Involved in Sexually Transmitted Infections in Brazzaville, congo

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第3期14卷 190-205页

作者： Jeanine Mireille Sita Maboundou Bitsi Nina Esther Ngoyi Ontsira Edith Sophie Kombo Bayonne Tanguy Mieret Geril Sekangue Obili Herlen Tsoumou Lina Foungou Kessengue samantha Potokoue Mpia chloé Dupont Guilhem conquet Gickel Mpika Bitsene Bienvenu Roland Ibara Ossibi Axel Aloumba Etienne Nguimbi Sylvain Godreuil Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Infectious Diseases Referral Hospital Center of Talanga Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo UMR IRD224-cNRS5290-UM MIVEGEc Infectious Diseases and Vectors: Ecology Genetics Evolution and Control CREES (Reshearch Center in Ecology and Evolution Health) Montpellier France Bacteriology Laboratory Arnaud de Villeneuve University Hospital CHU of Montpellier Montpellier France Department of Infectious Diseases University Hospital Center Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

The objective of this multicentric study was to assess the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma génitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis infections in Brazzaville, in the Republic of congo, using molecular methods. From January to December 2021, the sexually transmitted disease risk participants were recruited from six centers: The Association of Young HIV-Positive People of congo, The congolese Association for Family Welfare, The Association for Support to Vulnerable Groups, Talangaï hospital, Brazzaville university hospital (outpatient service) and the private clinic cOGEMO (outpatient service). The real-time multiplex PcR was carried out to detect these pathogens. Each patient had at least one specimen (urine, urethral, anal and/or vaginal samples). The patients were considered infected when one of their samples was positive. 287 participants made of 227 women and 60 men were tested. The general prevalence of these infections was: chlamydia trachomatis 2.79%, Neisseria gonorrhoeae 3.14%, Mycoplasma génitalium 3.45% and Trichomonas vaginalis 2.97. The prevalence rates according to sex were: c. trachomatis, M. génitalium, N. gonorrhea and T. vaginalis were 1.32%, 2.05%, 1.32% and 3.42% in women and 8.33%, 7.02%, 10% and 1.75% in men, respectively. Most infected patients were asymptomatic. Prevalence rates were higher in bisexual individuals, with the exception of T. vaginalis which showed higher prevalence in heterosexual patients. The bisexual and homosexual individuals represent a major public health problem in sexually active young adults, particularly among men having sex with men. These sexually transmitted infections are mainly asymptomatic, their diagnosis and management remain difficult in developing countries.

关键词： Prevalence chlamydia trachomatis Neisseria gonorrhoeae Mycoplasma génitalium Trichomonas vaginalis

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MHc class Ⅰ-independent activation of virtual memory cD8 T cells induced by chemotherapeutic agent-treated cancer cells

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 723-734页

作者： Xiaoguang Wang Brittany c.Waschke Rachel A.Woolaver samantha M.Y.chen Zhangguo chen Jing H.Wang Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of ColoradoAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA

cancer cells can evade immune recognition by losing major histocompatibility complex(MHc)class Ⅰ.Hence,MHc class Ⅰ-negative cancers represent the most challenging cancers to *** drugs not only directly kill tumors but also modulate the tumor immune microenvironment However,it remains unknown whether chemotherapy-treated cancer cells can activate cD8 T cells independent of tumor-derived MHc class Ⅰ and whether such MHc class Ⅰ-independent cD8 T-cell activation can be exploited for cancer ***,we showed that chemotherapy-treated cancer cells directly activated cD8 T cells in an MHc class Ⅰ-independent manner and that these activated cD8 T cells exhibit virtual memory(VM)***,in vivo chemotherapeutic treatment preferentially increased tumor-infiltrating VM cD8 T ***,MHc class Ⅰ-independent activation of cD8 T cells requires cell-cell contact and activation of the PI3K *** cD8 T cells contribute to a superior therapeutic effect on MHc class Ⅰ-deficient *** humanized mouse models or primary human cD8 T cells,we also demonstrated that chemotherapy-treated human lymphomas activated VM cD8 T cells independent of tumor-derived MHc class Ⅰ.In conclusion,cD8 T cells can be directly activated in an MHc class Ⅰ-independent manner by chemotherapy-treated cancers,and these activated cD8 T cells may be exploited for developing new strategies to treat MHc class Ⅰ-deficient cancers.

关键词： DNA-damaging agents B-cell lymphomas virtual memory cD8 T cells cancer immunotherapy MHc classⅠ

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Evolution of non‑lichenized,saprotrophic species of Arthonia(Ascomycota,Arthoniales)and resurrection of Naevia,with notes on Mycoporum

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第3期102卷 205-224页

作者： Vinodhini Thiyagaraja Robert Lücking Damien Ertz Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe samantha c.kar.nar.thna Erio camporesi Kevin D.Hyde cAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50002Thailand World Agro Forestry centre East and central Asia Kunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Freie Universitat BerlinKonigin‑Luise‑Str.6-814195 BerlinGermany Research Department Meise Botanic GardenNieuwelaan 381860 MeiseBelgium Service Général de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique Fédération Wallonie-BruxellesRue A.Lavallée 11080 BrusselsBelgium A.M.B.G.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio cicognani” Via Roma 18ForliItaly A.M.B Circolo Micologico“Giovanni carini”C.P.314BresciaItaly Societa per gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144BagnacavalloRAItaly

Fungi that are barely lichenized or non-lichenized and closely related to lichenized taxa,the so-called borderline fungi,are an important element in reconstructing the evolutionary history of lichenized *** is a prime example including non-lichenized,saprotrophic lineages which potentially were precursors to lichenized *** this study,we focused on saprotrophic species of Arthonia sensu lato,including new sequence data for Arthonia *** obtained fresh material of this taxon from a living branch of Fraxinus ornus in Italy to assess its taxonomic status and to elucidate its phylogenetic relationships within *** sections of the thallus and ascomata of *** confirmed the absence of a *** likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined mtSSU,nuLSU and RPB2 sequence data placed the species close to ***(barely lichenized or non-lichenized)and ***(non-lichenized)in a clade closely related to Arthonia sensu stricto,and the *** clade is here resurrected under the name *** character state analysis within a broader context of Arthoniales does not support the saprotrophic lifestyle to be a plesiomorphic feature,but suggests loss of lichenization in Naevia,as well as loss and possible regain in a second clade containing saprotrophic species and including taxa resembling Mycoporum,underlining the evolutionary plasticity of *** two clades constitute model taxa to further investigate the evolution of alternative biological lifestyles within the context of chiefly lichenized taxa.

关键词： Arthonia susa Arthothelium Evolution Lichenization Mycarthonia Pseudoarthonia Saprobes

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Taxonomic circumscription of Diaporthales based on multigene phylogeny and morphology

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Fungal Diversity 2018年第6期93卷 241-443页

作者： Indunil c.Senanayake Rajesh Jeewon Putarak chomnunti Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe chada Norphanphoun Anuruddha karunarathna Dhandevi Pem Rekhani H.Perera Erio camporesi Eric H.c.McKenzie Kevin D.Hyde samantha c.kar.nar.thna Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanChina centre of Excellence for Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand Department of Health Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduit 80837Mauritius Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese Antonio CicognaniVia Roma 18Forlı`Italy A.M.B.circolo Micologico Giovanni Carini314 BresciaItaly Societa`per gliStudiNaturalisticidella Romagna 144 BagnacavalloRAItaly Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand

Demarcation of family,genus and species boundaries in the Diaporthales has been tentative due to uninformative illus-trations and descriptions,overlapping morphological characteristics,misplacement or poor condition of type specimens and shortage of molecular data from ex-type *** this study,we obtained the type specimens or other authentic specimens of diaporthalean taxa from worldwide *** examined,described and illustrated *** study is based on morphological characters from type or authentic specimens,details from protologue and original illustrations and molecular data obtained from *** analyses of nrITS,nrLSU,RPB2 and TEF1-a sequence data were used to construct the molecular ***,we provided separate phylogenetic trees for families when necessary to show the generic distribution within these families based on suitable gene *** on morphology and phylogeny,we treat 17 genera previously assigned to Diaporthales genera incertae sedis within several *** some genera we have designated new generic types as they are lacking type species or type species have affiliations with other *** exclude Anisomycopsis from Diaporthales and place it in Xylariomycetidae genera incertae ***,which was previously placed in Tirisporellales is placed in Diaporthales based on phylogeny and morphology.A new combi-nation,Dendrostoma leiphaemia propose for Amphiporthe leiphaemia(Fr.)*** on the morphological characters and molecular data we accept 27 families and 138 genera within Diaporthales,24 genera in Diaporthales genera incertae sedis and one genus in Xylariomycetidae genera incertae *** provide notes for genera in Diaporthales genera incertae sedis,and excluded and doubtful genera are listed with notes on their taxonomy and phylogeny.

关键词： Authentic specimens Dendrostoma leiphaemia Incertae sedis classification Taxonomy Families Accepted genera

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