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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 947-948页

作者： sam Ng Hugues Duffau Guillaume Herbet Department of Neurosurgery Gui de Chauliac HospitalMontpellier University Medical CenterMontpellierFrance Institute of Functional Genomics University of MontpellierCNRSINSERMMontpellierFrance Praxiling Laboratory UMR5267CNRSPaul Valéry-Montpellier 3 UniversityMontpellierFrance

Exploring the aptitude of the human brain to compensate functional consequences of a lesion damaging its structural architecture is a key challenge to improve patient care in various neurological diseases,to optimize neuroscientifically-informed strategies of postlesional rehabilitation,and ultimately to develop innovative neuro-regenerative *** term‘plasticity’,initially referring to the intrinsic propensity of neurons to modulate their synaptic transmission in a learning situation,was progressively transposed to brain injury research and clinical ***,in the event of brain damage,adaptive mechanisms of compensation allow a partial reshaping of the structure and activities of the central nervous system,thus permitting to some extent the maintenance of brain functions.

关键词： plasticity figuration consequences

The missing hydrogen ion,Part-3:Science and the human flaws that compromise it

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-199页

作者： Robert Robergs Bridgette O'Malley sam Torrens School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Queensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueensland4059Australia

The purpose of this research was to use a historical method and core principles from scientific philosophy to explain why mistakes were made in the development of the lactic acidosis *** a broader scope,this research explains what science is,why some scientists despite good intention,often get it wrong,and why it takes so long(decades)to correct these *** is a human behaviour that consists of the identification of a problem based on the correct application of prior knowledge,the development of a method to best resolve or test the problem,completion of these methods to acquire results,and then a correct interpretation of the *** these steps are done correctly there is an increased probability(no guarantee)that the outcome is likely to be *** Kuhn proposed that you can understand what science is from how it has been performed,and from his essays he revealed a very dysfunctional form of science that he called‘normal’(due the preponderance of its presence)***,Karl Popper was adamant that the practice of‘normal’science revealed numerous flaws that deviate from fundamental principles that makes science,***,the evidence reveals that within the sports medicine and health sciences,as with all disciplines,errors in science are more frequent than you might *** is an urgent need to improve how we educate and train scientists to prevent the pursuit of‘normal’science and the harm it imparts on humanity.

关键词： Science Scientific philosophy ‘Normal’science Anomaly Paradigm

The missing hydrogen ion, part-2: Where the evidence leads to

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 94-100页

作者： Robert Robergs Bridgette O’Malley sam Torrens Jason Siegler School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Queensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveQueensland4059Australia ASU Health Futures Center College of Health SolutionsArizona State University6161 East Mayo BlvdPhoenix85054ArizonaUSA

The purpose of this manuscript was to present the evidence for why cells do not produce metabolic *** addition,evidence that opposes common viewpoints and arguments used to support the cellular production of lactic acid(HLa)or liver keto-acids have been *** chemistry reveals that many molecules involved in cellular energy catabolism contain functional groups classified as *** two main acidic functional groups of these molecules susceptible to-H^(+) þrelease are the carboxyl and phosphoryl structures,though the biochemistry and organic chemistry of molecules having these structures reveal they are produced in a non-acidic ionic(negatively charged)structure,thereby preventing pH dependent -H^(+)þ*** evidence from the industrial production of HLa further reveals that lactate(La)is produced followed by an acidification step that converts La to HLa due to pH dependent-H^(+)þ***,there is a plentiful list of other molecules that are classified as acids and compared to HLa have similar values for their Hþdissociation constant(pKd).For many metabolic conditions,the cumulative turnover of these molecules is far higher than for *** collective evidence documents the non-empirical basis for the construct of the cellular production of HLa,or any other metabolic acid.

关键词： Metabolic biochemistry Acidosis Carboxyl Phosphoryl Metabolic acid Dissociation Association pH

Pitfalls in internal jugular vein cannulation

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第10期12卷 1714-1717页

作者： Deb Sanjay Nag Amlan Swain Seelora Sahu Bhanu Pratap Swain Merina sam Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001JharkhandIndia

Central venous catheter insertion in the internal jugular vein(IJV)is frequently performed in acute care settings,facilitated by its easy availability and increased use of ultrasound in healthcare *** the increased safety profile and insertion convenience,it has ***,we aim to inform readers about the existing literature on the plethora of complications with potentially disastrous consequences for patients undergoing IJV cannulation.

关键词： Catheterization Central venous Complications Thoracic duct Arteriovenous fistula Vocal cord paralysis Pneumothorax Cardiac tamponade

Perioperative cardiac risks in myasthenia gravis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2147-2150页

作者： Deb Sanjay Nag Abhishek Chatterjee Pratap Rudra Mahanty Merina sam Murari Kumar Bharadwaj Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001India Department of Anaesthesiology Manipal Tata Medical CollegeJamshedpur 831017India

Myasthenia gravis(MG)is an autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular *** primary pathology in MG involves the presence of autoantibodies to acetylcholine receptors(AChRs),which results in qualitative and quantitative reductions in the availability of functional *** muscles are also affected,resulting in various perioperative cardiac *** antibodies are commonly reported in MG cases with cardiac *** the presence of thymoma,the prevalence of cardiac manifestations in patients with MG increases to approximately 10%-15%.Cardiac involvement in MG may range from asymptomatic electrocardiogram changes to ventricular tachycardia,myocarditis,conduction disorders,heart failure,and sudden *** incidence of atrial fibrillation,ventricular and supraventricular extra systoles,and prolonged QTc have also been reported in patients with *** should consider the evaluation of autonomic dysfunction and risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with MG.

关键词： Myasthenia Gravis Perioperative period Receptors Cholinergic Anesthesia

Synergistic effect between Er-doped MoS_(2)nanosheets and interfacial Mo-N coupling phases for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1301-1308页

作者： Nian-Peng Li Lei Zhang Hua Zhang Fan-Fei Min Lei Wang sam Toan Xi-Jun Liu Guang-Zhi Hu State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines School of Materials Science and EngineeringAnhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan232001China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan316021China Department of Chemical Engineering University of Minnesota-DuluthDuluthMN55812USA School of Ecology and Environmental Science Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau LakesYunnan UniversityKunming650504China MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metals and Featured MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China

Hydrogen production via electrochemical water splitting is a promising and green *** one of the most representative transition metal sulfides layered materials,Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has immense potential for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).We successfully prepared a nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)in situ-grown erbium-doped MoS_(2)polyhedral structure(Er-MoS_(2)/NC)that incorporates an interfacial Mo-N coupling phase.

关键词： hydrogen interfacial coupling

Calcium/calcimimetic via calcium-sensing receptor ameliorates cholera toxin-induced secretory diarrhea in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 268-279页

作者： Lie-Qi Tang Johnathan Fraebel Shi Jin Steven P Winesett Jane Harrell Wen-Han Chang sam Xianjun Cheng Department of Pediatrics University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States College of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States Brain Rehabilitation Research Center Malcom Randall VA Medical CenterGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Medicine Endocrine Research UnitVeterans Affairs Medical CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94121United States Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionUniversity of Florida Shands Children’s HospitalGainesvilleFL 32608United States

BACKGROUND Enterotoxins produce diarrhea through direct epithelial action and indirectly by activating the enteric nervous ***-sensing receptor(CaSR)inhibits both *** latter has been well documented in vitro but not in *** hypothesis to be tested was that activating CaSR inhibits diarrhea in *** To determine whether CaSR agonists ameliorate secretory diarrhea evoked by cholera toxin(CTX)in *** CTX was given orally to C57BL/6 mice to induce *** and calci-mimetic R568 were used to activate *** maximize their local intestinal actions,calcium was administered luminally via oral rehydration solution(ORS),whereas R568 was applied serosally using an intraperitoneal *** verify that their actions resulted from the intestine,effects were also examined on Cre-lox intestine-specific CaSR *** outcome was measured biochemically by monitoring changes in fecal Cl-or clinically by assessing stool consistency and weight *** CTX induced secretory diarrhea,as evidenced by increases in fecal Cl-,stool consistency,and weight loss following CTX exposure,but did not alter CaSR,neither in content nor in ***,calcium and R568 were each able to ameliorate diarrhea when applied to diseased *** CaSR involvement is suggested by gene knockout experiments where the anti-diarrheal actions of R568 were lost in intestinal epithelial CaSR knockouts(villinCre/Casrflox/flox)and neuronal CaSR knockouts(nestinCre/Casrflox/flox).CONCLUSION Treatment of acute secretory diarrheas remains a global *** advances in diarrhea research,few have been made in the realm of diarrhea *** therapy has remained the standard of care,although it does not halt the losses of intestinal fluid and ions caused by *** is no cost-effective therapeutic for *** and other studies suggest that adding calcium to ORS or using calcimimetics to activate intestinal CaSR might

关键词： Cholera Enteric nervous system Secretory diarrhea Oral rehydration solution Calcium-sensing receptor Gene knockout

Ultra‑Stable Sodium‑Ion Battery Enabled by All‑Solid‑State Ferroelectric‑Engineered Composite Electrolytes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 704-717页

作者： Yumei Wang Zhongting Wang Xiaoyu Xu sam Jin An Oh Jianguo Sun Feng Zheng Xiao Lu Chaohe Xu Binggong Yan Guangsheng Huang Li Lu College of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China National University of Singapore(Chongqing)Research Institute Chongqing 401123People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575Singapore Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Energy Manufacturing Xiamen Key Laboratory of Digital Vision MeasurementHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China

Symmetric Na-ion cells using the NASICON-structured electrodes could simplify the manufacturing process,reduce the cost,facilitate the recycling post-process,and thus attractive in the field of large-scale stationary energy ***,the long-term cycling performance of such batteries is usually *** investigation reveals the unavoidable side reactions between the NASICON-type Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)anode and the commercial liquid electrolyte,leading to serious capacity fading in the symmetric NVP//NVP *** resolve this issue,an all-solid-state composite electrolyte is used to replace the liquid electrolyte so that to overcome the side reaction and achieve high anode/electrolyte interfacial *** ferroelectric engineering could further improve the interfacial ion conduction,effectively reducing the electrode/electrolyte interfacial *** NVP//NVP cell using the ferroelectric-engineered composite electrolyte can achieve a capacity retention of 86.4%after 650 ***,the electrolyte can also be used to match the Prussianblue cathode NaxFeyFe(CN)_(6−z)·nH_(2)O(NFFCN).Outstanding long-term cycling stability has been obtained in the all-solid-state NVP//NFFCN cell over 9000 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g^(-1),with a fading rate as low as 0.005%per cycle.

关键词： Sodium-ion battery NVP anode All-solid-state Cyclic stability Ferroelectric

Biodiversity metrics on ecological networks: Demonstrated with animal gastrointestinal microbiomes

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Zoological Research(Diversity and Conservation) 2024年第1期1卷 51-65页

作者： Zhanshan(sam)Ma Lianwei Li Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan650201China

Biodiversity has become a terminology familiar to virtually every citizen in modern *** is said that ecology studies the economy of nature,and economy studies the ecology of humans;then measuring biodiversity should be similar with measuring national ***,there have been many parallels between ecology and economics,actually beyond *** example,arguably the second most widely used biodiversity metric,Simpson(1949)’s diversity index,is a function of familiar Gini-index in *** of the biggest challenges has been the high“diversity”of diversity indexes due to their excessive“speciation”-there are so many indexes,similar to each country’s sovereign currency-leaving confused diversity practitioners in *** 1973,Hill introduced the concept of“numbers equivalent”,which is based on Renyi entropy and originated in economics,but possibly due to his abstruse interpretation of the concept,his message was not widely received by ecologists until nearly four decades *** Hill suggested was similar to link the US dollar to gold at the rate of$35 per ounce under the Bretton Woods *** Hill numbers now are considered most appropriate biodiversity metrics system,unifying Shannon,Simpson and other diversity ***,we approach to another paradigmatic shift-measuring biodiversity on ecological networks-demonstrated with animal gastrointestinal microbiomes representing four major invertebrate classes and all six vertebrate *** network diversity can reveal the diversity of species interactions,which is a necessary step for understanding the spatial and temporal structures and dynamics of biodiversity across environmental gradients.

关键词： Biodiversity on network Hill numbers Animal gut microbiome Network link diversity Network species diversity Network abundance-weighted link diversity

Prediction of Porous Media Fluid Flow with Spatial Heterogeneity Using Criss-Cross Physics-Informed Convolutional Neural Networks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1323-1340页

作者： Jiangxia Han Liang Xue Ying Jia Mpoki sam Mwasamwasa Felix Nanguka Charles Sangweni Hailong Liu Qian Li State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Department of Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering College of Petroleum EngineeringChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Exploration Production Research Institute SinopecBeijing102249China Ministry of Energy Tanzania Petroleum Development CorporationTowerDar es Salaam2774Tanzania Ministry of Energy Building Petroleum Upstream Regulatory Authority in Tanzania(PURA)Dar es Salaam11439Tanzania

Recent advances in deep neural networks have shed new light on physics,engineering,and scientific *** the data-centered viewpoint with physical simulation is one of the research *** physicsinformedneural network(PINN)is currently the most general framework,which is more popular due to theconvenience of constructing NNs and excellent generalization *** automatic differentiation(AD)-basedPINN model is suitable for the homogeneous scientific problem;however,it is unclear how AD can enforce fluxcontinuity across boundaries between cells of different properties where spatial heterogeneity is represented bygrid cells with different physical *** this work,we propose a criss-cross physics-informed convolutionalneural network(CC-PINN)learning architecture,aiming to learn the solution of parametric PDEs with spatialheterogeneity of physical *** achieve the seamless enforcement of flux continuity and integration ofphysicalmeaning into CNN,a predefined 2D convolutional layer is proposed to accurately express transmissibilitybetween adjacent *** efficacy of the proposedmethodwas evaluated through predictions of several petroleumreservoir problems with spatial heterogeneity and compared against state-of-the-art(PINN)through numericalanalysis as a benchmark,which demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method over the PINN.

关键词： Physical-informed neural networks(PINN) flow in porous media convolutional neural networks spatial heterogeneity machine learning